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Assessment of reinforcing effects of benztropine analogs and their effects on cocaine self-administration in rats: comparisons with monoamine uptake inhibitors.

Author: HiranitaTakato, KatzJonathan L, NewmanAmy H, SotoPaul L

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., IntramuralFunding provided by the NIH for research projects within the NIH.

Overview

Benztropine (BZT) analogs inhibit dopamine uptake but are less effective than cocaine in producing behavioral effects that predict abuse liability. This study compared the reinforcing effects of intravenous BZT analogs with standard monoamine uptake inhibitors and the effects of oral pretreatment with these analogs on cocaine self-administration. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine (0.032-1.0 mg/kg/injection) or food under fixed-ratio five-response schedules. The highest rates of responding were maintained by 0.32 mg/kg/injection cocaine or substituted methylphenidate, with lower rates maintained at lower and higher doses. The N-methyl BZT analog, AHN 1-055, also maintained responding (0.1 mg/kg/injection), but at lower rates than cocaine. Responding was not maintained above vehicle levels by the N-allyl (AHN 2-005) and N-butyl (JHW 007) BZT analogs, or by nisoxetine or citalopram. Presession treatment with methylphenidate (3.2-32 mg/kg) dose-dependently shifted the cocaine self-administration dose-effect curve leftward, while nisoxetine and citalopram effects were not significant. An intermediate dose of AHN 1-055 (32 mg/kg) increased responding maintained by low cocaine doses and decreased responding maintained by higher doses. A higher dose of AHN 1-055 completely suppressed cocaine-maintained responding. Both AHN 2-005 and JHW 007 dose-dependently (10-32 mg/kg) decreased cocaine self-administration, shifting the dose-effect curve downward. Decreases in cocaine-maintained responding occurred at doses of methylphenidate and BZT analogs that did not affect food-maintained responding. During a component in which injections were not available, methylphenidate and AHN 1-055, but not AHN 2-005 or JHW 007, increased response rates. These findings further support the low abuse liability of BZT analogs and their potential development as medications for cocaine abuse.
Paper Details　
Original Abstract of the Article :
Benztropine (BZT) analogs inhibit dopamine uptake but are less effective than cocaine in producing behavioral effects predicting abuse liability. The present study compared reinforcing effects of intravenous BZT analogs with those of standard monoamine uptake inhibitors and the effects of their oral...See full text at original site
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引用元：
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672867/

データ提供：米国国立医学図書館（NLM）

Benztropine Analogs: A Potential Oasis for Cocaine Abuse

This research explores the potential of benztropine (BZT) analogs, a class of compounds known to inhibit dopamine uptake, as potential medications for cocaine abuse. The authors compared the reinforcing effects of BZT analogs to those of standard monoamine uptake inhibitors and examined their impact on cocaine self-administration in rats, seeking to understand their potential as therapeutic agents.

A Promising Prospect: Benztropine Analogs and Cocaine Abuse

The researchers found that while BZT analogs were less effective than cocaine in producing behavioral effects associated with abuse liability, they showed promise as potential medications for cocaine abuse. They observed that BZT analogs, particularly AHN 1-055, exhibited reinforcing effects and could decrease cocaine self-administration in rats. This suggests that BZT analogs may have therapeutic potential in reducing cocaine cravings and dependence.

A New Path Forward: Combating Cocaine Abuse

This research offers a glimmer of hope in the fight against cocaine abuse. BZT analogs, like a hidden oasis in the desert of addiction, hold potential for reducing cocaine cravings and dependence. The study’s findings underscore the need for further research to explore the therapeutic potential of these compounds, potentially providing new tools to combat the devastating effects of cocaine addiction.

Dr.Camel's Conclusion

Cocaine addiction is a harsh and unforgiving desert. BZT analogs, like a hidden spring of water, hold potential for easing cravings and promoting recovery. This research is a reminder that even in the most challenging terrains, hope for better solutions can emerge.

Date :
  1. Date Completed 2009-05-22
  2. Date Revised 2021-10-20
Further Info :

Pubmed ID

19228996

DOI: Digital Object Identifier

PMC2672867

Related Literature

Article Analysis
・Effects of benztropine
SNS
PICO Info
in preparation
Languages

English

Positive IndicatorAn AI analysis index that serves as a benchmark for how positive the results of the study are. Note that it is a benchmark and requires careful interpretation and consideration of different perspectives.

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