Current trends in the treatment of infantile spasms.

Current Trends in the Treatment of Infantile Spasms

Infantile spasms are a serious epileptic syndrome that affects infants, characterized by distinctive epileptic spasms and specific electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. This study reviews the current trends in the treatment of infantile spasms, examining the efficacy and limitations of various therapeutic options.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and Oral Corticosteroids

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has been a mainstay treatment for infantile spasms since the 1950s. While ACTH and oral corticosteroids have shown some success in stopping infantile spasms and normalizing EEGs, they are associated with significant adverse effects.

Alternative Treatments for Infantile Spasms

Other treatment options for infantile spasms include vigabatrin, valproic acid, nitrazepam, pyridoxine, topiramate, zonisamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, felbamate, ganaxolone, liposteroid, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and a ketogenic diet. In rare cases, infantile spasms associated with specific metabolic disorders, such as biotinidase deficiency, phenylketonuria, and pyridoxine-dependent seizures, may be successfully treated with specific interventions like biotin, a low phenylalanine diet, and pyridoxine, respectively.

Dr.Camel's Conclusion

The treatment of infantile spasms requires a careful consideration of the various available options and their potential benefits and risks. Like a desert traveler navigating a challenging terrain, clinicians must choose the best path forward based on the individual needs of each patient. This research provides valuable insights into the current landscape of treatment options, helping healthcare professionals to make informed decisions and provide the best possible care for infants with this challenging condition.