Effects of afatinib: A Synthesis of Findings from 21 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Afatinib is a targeted therapy drug used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations. 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 . These studies show that afatinib, alone or in combination with other therapies, can inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis. 20 , 11 . Afatinib inhibits EGFR activation, which in turn blocks the growth and survival of tumor cells. 20 , 11 . Moreover, afatinib has been shown to suppress the growth of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and potentially slow the progression of EGFR-mutant NSCLC. 14 , 9 .

However, it is important to be aware that afatinib can interact with other drugs. 19 , 15 . Afatinib can also cause side effects such as skin toxicity, diarrhea, and liver dysfunction. , 8 .

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Afatinib is an effective targeted therapy drug for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 . Afatinib has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis. 20 , 11 . Moreover, afatinib has been shown to suppress the growth of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and potentially slow the progression of EGFR-mutant NSCLC. 14 , 9 . Afatinib can be combined with other therapies to potentially enhance its effectiveness. 21 , 11 .

Risk Summary

Afatinib can interact with other drugs, so it is important to be aware of this. 19 , 15 . Afatinib can also cause side effects such as skin toxicity, diarrhea, and liver dysfunction. , 8 .

Comparison Across Studies

Similarities Across Studies

Many studies have shown that afatinib is an effective drug for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 . Studies have also shown that afatinib may be more effective when combined with other therapies. 21 , 11 .

Differences Across Studies

The effects of afatinib can vary between studies. For example, the incidence and severity of side effects may vary. , 8 .

Consistency and Discrepancies of Results

While numerous studies suggest afatinib is an effective drug for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 , there are some discrepancies in the reported incidence and severity of side effects. , 8 . Therefore, it is crucial to have open communication with your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of afatinib treatment.

Considerations for Real-World Applications

Afatinib is an effective drug for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 . However, it's essential to remember that afatinib can interact with other medications. 19 , 15 . It can also cause side effects like skin issues, diarrhea, and liver problems. , 8 . Therefore, it's crucial to discuss the potential risks and benefits of afatinib treatment with your doctor.

Limitations of Current Research

There is still a need for more research on afatinib. For example, more information is needed about the long-term effects of taking afatinib. 8 .

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed on the long-term effects of afatinib, as well as on the combination of afatinib with other therapies. 8 .

Conclusions

Afatinib is an effective drug for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. 9 , 20 , 14 , 13 , , 2 , 21 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 12 , 7 , 10 , 3 , 8 . However, afatinib can interact with other medications. 19 , 15 . It can also cause side effects like skin issues, diarrhea, and liver problems. , 8 . It is crucial to have open communication with your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of afatinib treatment.

Literature analysis of 21 papers
Positive Content
19
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
0
0
0
3
19
1.

Afatinib combined with anti-PD1 enhances immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma <i>via</i> ERBB2/STAT3/PD-L1 signaling.

Author: YuChao, ZhangXinyi, WangMin, XuGaoxin, ZhaoSiqi, FengYongheng, PanChao, YangWeijun, ZhouJin, ShangLongcheng, MaYong

Enhanced immunotherapy
Reduced tumor growth
None reported

Afatinib, a drug used for lung cancer, was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and enhance the expression of PD-L1, potentially improving the immunotherapeutic effect of HCC.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

2.

Effects of cetuximab combined with afatinib on the expression of KDR and AQP1 in lung cancer.

Author: LiuY H, ZhuW L

Cancer therapy

Combining cetuximab and afatinib showed synergistic effects in inhibiting lung cancer cell growth and migration, potentially improving treatment outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Comparing the effects of afatinib with gefitinib or Erlotinib in patients with advanced-stage lung adenocarcinoma harboring non-classical epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.

Author: ShenYi-Cheng, TsengGuan-Chin, TuChih-Yeh, ChenWei-Chun, LiaoWei-Chih, ChenWei-Cheng, LiChia-Hsiang, ChenHung-Jen, HsiaTe-Chun

EGFR inhibitor resistance

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of different types of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with non-classical EGFR mutations, which are present in approximately 10-15% of patients with EGFR mutations.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Afatinib plus osimertinib in the treatment of osimertinib-resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma: a phase I clinical trial.

Author: MiuraSatoru, KohYasuhiro, AzumaKoichi, YoshiokaHiroshige, KoyamaKenichi, TeraokaShunsuke, IshiiHidenobu, KibataKayoko, OzawaYuichi, TokitoTakaaki, OyanagiJun, ShimokawaToshio, KurataTakayasu, YamamotoNobuyuki, TanakaHiroshi

Cancer treatment

The study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of combining osimertinib and afatinib to overcome resistance to osimertinib in patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Remarkable inhibition effects of afatinib alone or combining with paclitaxel in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Author: YangLi-Yan, ChengZhi-Jian, LiuZou, WangDi, ZhangNa, FanZhi-Lu, CaiHong-Qing, ZhangYu, CaiYan, XuXin, WangJin-Hua, DuGuan-Hua, HaoJia-Jie, WangMing-Rong

Afatinib efficacy
ESCC treatment
Paclitaxel synergy

Afatinib, an EGFR inhibitor, showed significant anti-tumor effects in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells with high p-EGFR expression. For patients with lower p-EGFR expression, a combination of paclitaxel and afatinib may be a promising therapeutic strategy.

Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Current State and Future Directions of EGFR-Directed Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer.

Author: TathineniPraveena, JoshiNikhil, JelinekMichael J

EGFR inhibitor combination therapy

EGFR-targeted therapies have shown modest benefits in treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Cisplatin remains the preferred treatment for curative intent, with cetuximab reserved for specific cases. In the recurrent/metastatic setting, cetuximab is a second-line option after immunotherapy. Combination therapies with immunotherapy show promise for the future.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

13.

Molecularly Targeted Photothermal Ablation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Expressing Cancer Cells with a Polypyrrole-Iron Oxide-Afatinib Nanocomposite.

Author: RethiLekshmi, MutalikChinmaya, RethiLekha, ChiangWei-Hung, LeeHsin-Lun, PanWen-Yu, YangTze-Sen, ChiouJeng-Fong, ChenYin-Ju, ChuangEr-Yuan, LuLong-Sheng

Cancer treatment

This study investigated a nanocomposite (PIA-NC) that targets EGFR-positive cancer cells for near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-PTT). The PIA-NC significantly increased cancer cell death (70%) with NIR-PTT compared to normal cells (30%), suggesting a promising approach for targeted cancer treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Inhibitory Effects of HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) Combined With Afatinib on H1975 Lung Cancer Cell-Bearing Mice.

Author: KangHwa Jeong, KimJeehye, ChoSeong Hyeok, ParkSo-Jung, YooHwa-Seung, KangIn-Cheol

Antitumor effect

Combining HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) with afatinib effectively inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells with EGFR mutations (L858R/T790M). This combination led to increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, along with changes in cell cycle proteins (reduced pERK1/2 and increased p16). In a preclinical model, this combination significantly reduced tumor volume.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

Recent Progress in Drug Delivery Systems for Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lung Cancer.

Author: Korucu AktasPelinsu, BaysalIpek, Yabanoglu-CiftciSamiye, LamprechtAlf, AricaBetul

Enhanced lung cancer treatment
Improved drug delivery

This review focuses on advancements in drug delivery systems for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used in lung cancer treatment. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems enhance bioavailability, stability, and retention, potentially improving treatment efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

18.

Elucidation of the inhibitory potential of flavonoids against PKP1 protein in non-small cell lung cancer.

Author: PandeyPratibha, KhanFahad, ChauhanPrashant, UpadhyayTarun Kumar, BardakciFevzi, AlamMd Jahoor, AlmuzainiNujud, AbdallaRania Abdeen Hussain, SinghSujeet Kumar, SaeedMohd

Lung cancer treatment

Calyxins I, a flavonoid, may be a potential drug candidate for lung cancer treatment by inhibiting PKP1 protein. This in silico study found that calyxins I bind to PKP1 with high affinity, suggesting a possible therapeutic effect. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

Cardiac toxicity associated with pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir: A case report.

Author: MonribotAnthia, HuillardOlivier, KhoudourNihel, PrétaLaure-Hélène, BlanchetBenoit, CabanesLaure, BatistaRui, PalletNicolas, ChouchanaLaurent, GoldwasserFrançois, SogniPhilippe, Thomas-SchoemannAudrey

Hepatitis C treatment
Lung cancer treatment
Cardiac toxicity

This case report describes a drug-drug interaction between crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir leading to cardiac toxicity. Crizotinib was well tolerated, but 1 week after sofosbuvir/velpatasvir initiation, the patient experienced bilateral lower-limb edema and dyspnoea. This suggests a reciprocal interaction between crizotinib and velpatasvir, mediated by CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

20.

Structural dynamics and kinase inhibitory activity of three generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors against wild-type, L858R/T790M, and L858R/T790M/C797S forms of EGFR.

Author: TodsapornDuangjai, MahalapbutrPanupong, Poo-ArpornRungtiva P, ChoowongkomonKiattawee, RungrotmongkolThanyada

Drug resistance overcome

Molecular modeling and in vitro studies revealed how EGFR mutations lead to resistance against EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Osimertinib and afatinib showed better efficacy against mutated EGFRs, guiding the development of new inhibitors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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