Effects of alogliptin: A Synthesis of Findings from 19 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Alogliptin is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. Research has shown that alogliptin can improve blood sugar levels. 9 However, studies have indicated that alogliptin may increase the risk of heart failure worsening in patients who already have heart failure. 9 On the other hand, some studies suggest that alogliptin might have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. 2 Furthermore, alogliptin might be safer and more effective than other diabetes medications. 17 It's important to note that alogliptin has been associated with side effects such as stomatitis. 14 Using alogliptin in combination with other diabetes medications can increase the risk of hypoglycemia. 3

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Alogliptin has been shown to improve blood sugar levels and may have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. 9 , 2 Moreover, alogliptin may be safer and more effective than other diabetes medications. 17

Risk Summary

Alogliptin may increase the risk of heart failure worsening in patients who already have heart failure. 9 It can also cause side effects such as stomatitis. 14 Using alogliptin in combination with other diabetes medications can increase the risk of hypoglycemia. 3

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have shown that alogliptin improves blood sugar levels. 9 , 17 , 1 Additionally, studies have suggested that alogliptin can influence the risk of cardiovascular disease. 9 , 2 , 19 Furthermore, alogliptin may be safer and more effective than other diabetes medications. 17 , 1

Differences

Research findings on whether alogliptin increases the risk of heart failure are not consistent. 9 , 4 Similarly, studies have shown conflicting results regarding alogliptin's protective effect against cardiovascular disease. 2 , 19

Consistency and Contradictions in Findings

There is inconsistency in the research findings about alogliptin's risk of heart failure and its potential for preventing cardiovascular disease. These discrepancies might be due to differences in study design, populations studied, or other factors. Further research is necessary to clarify these areas.

Implications for Daily Life

While alogliptin is an effective medication for type 2 diabetes, it's important to remember the potential risk of increased heart failure. Additionally, combining alogliptin with other diabetes medications can increase the risk of low blood sugar. Therefore, it's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking alogliptin.

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to understand alogliptin's long-term safety and efficacy, particularly regarding heart failure and cardiovascular disease prevention. There is also a need for more studies on the combination of alogliptin with other diabetes medications.

Future Research Directions

Large-scale clinical trials focusing on long-term safety and efficacy are needed to clarify alogliptin's impact on heart failure and cardiovascular disease prevention. Additionally, research on the combination of alogliptin with other diabetes medications is essential.

Conclusion

Alogliptin is an effective medication for type 2 diabetes, but it may increase the risk of heart failure. When taking alogliptin, it's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions carefully. Future research holds the promise of further elucidating the safety and efficacy of alogliptin.

Literature analysis of 19 papers
Positive Content
16
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
2
Article Type
4
1
0
4
19
1.

Fotagliptin monotherapy with alogliptin as an active comparator in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Author: XuMingtong, SunKan, XuWenjie, WangChuan, YanDewen, LiShu, CongLi, PiYinzhen, SongWeihong, SunQingyuan, XiaoRijun, PengWeixia, WangJianping, PengHui, ZhangYawei, DuanPeng, ZhangMeiying, LiuJianying, HuangQingmei, LiXuefeng, BaoYan, ZengTianshu, WangKun, QinLi, WuChaoming, DengChunying, HuangChenghu, YanShuang, ZhangWei, LiMeizi, SunLi, WangYanjun, LiHongMei, WangGuang, PangShuguang, ZhengXianling, WangHaifang, WangFujun, SuXiuhai, MaYujin, LiZiling, XieZuoling, XuNing, NiLin, ZhangLi, DengXiangqun, PanTianrong, DongQijuan, WuXiaohong, ShenXingping, ZhangXin, ZouQijing, JiangChengxia, XiJue, MaJianhua, SunJingchao, YanLi

Improved glycemic control
Safety and efficacy

This clinical trial assessed the efficacy and safety of fotagliptin, a novel DPP-4 inhibitor, in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Long-term efficacy and safety of early alogliptin initiation in subjects with type 2 diabetes: an extension of the SPEAD-A study.

Author: MitaTomoya, KatakamiNaoto, YoshiiHidenori, OnumaTomio, KanetoHideaki, OsonoiTakeshi, ShiraiwaToshihiko, YasudaTetsuyuki, UmayaharaYutaka, YamamotoTsunehiko, YokoyamaHiroki, KuribayashiNobuichi, JinnouchiHideaki, GoshoMasahiko, ShimomuraIichiro, WatadaHirotaka

Atherosclerosis attenuation
Cardiovascular outcomes improvement

This study investigates the long-term cardiovascular outcomes of early alogliptin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study, an extension of the SPEAD-A trial, found no significant difference in cardiovascular event rates between those receiving alogliptin and conventional treatment. However, post-hoc analysis suggests a potential benefit of DPP-4 inhibitor use before an initial cardiovascular event.

Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Pharmacologic Heterogeneity and Risk of Severe Hypoglycemia with Concomitant Use of Sulfonylureas and DPP-4 Inhibitors: Population-Based Cohort Study.

Author: DimakosJenny, CuiYing, PlattRobert W, RenouxChristel, FilionKristian B, DourosAntonios

Hypoglycemia risk assessment
Hypoglycemia risk

This population-based study investigates the risk of severe hypoglycemia in patients taking both sulfonylureas and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i). The study found no increased risk of hypoglycemia when combining long-acting sulfonylureas or peptidomimetic DPP-4i with other medications in the respective drug classes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Anti-Diabetic Therapy and Heart Failure: Recent Advances in Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanism.

Author: HsuChih-Neng, HsuanChin-Feng, LiaoDaniel, ChangJack Keng-Jui, ChangAllen Jiun-Wei, HeeSiow-Wey, LeeHsiao-Lin, TengSean I F

Bariatric and metabolic surgery
Bromocriptine
Decreased sympathetic tone
Enhanced autophagy
Glucosuria
HF treatment
Improved energy utilization
Improved mitochondria calcium homeostasis
Reduced cardiac inflammation
Reduced fibrosis
Reduced oxidative stress
Tubular glomerular feedback restoration
Increased circulating vasoactive peptides
Increased heart rate
Increased risk of hospitalized HF

This review discusses the effects of various diabetes medications on heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. It summarizes compelling evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrating the beneficial effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on HF. The review also discusses the potential risks and benefits of other diabetes medications, including glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists, bariatric and metabolic surgery, bromocriptine, imeglimin, metformin, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, insulin, sulfonylureas, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and lifestyle interventions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Risk heterogeneity of bullous pemphigoid among dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A population-based cohort study using Japanese Latter-Stage Elderly Healthcare Database.

Author: HaranoYumi, MitamuraYasutaka, JiangPeng, FujitaTakako, BabazonoAkira

Bullous pemphigoid

This population-based cohort study examined the risk of bullous pemphigoid (BP) associated with different dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Vildagliptin and linagliptin significantly increased the risk of BP, while sitagliptin and alogliptin did not. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings and understand the potential mechanisms involved.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Anti-ageing effects of FDA-approved medicines: a focused review.

Author: ThanapairojeKoranit, JunsiritrakhoonSupanut, WichaiyoSurasak, OsmanMohd Azuraidi, SupharattanasitthiWasu

Anti-ageing activity

This review examines the anti-ageing activity of US-FDA-approved drugs, highlighting potential mechanisms of action. Several drugs, including alogliptin, canagliflozin, metformin, rapamycin, and acarbose, demonstrated anti-ageing effects, potentially through AMPK activation, mTOR inhibition, or other mechanisms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Alogliptin and Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Author: LaymanSara N, ElliottWhitney V, NeuDaniel W, HowardTiffany G, HambyAaron

Alogliptin heart failure risk

This retrospective chart review of 455 type 2 diabetes patients prescribed alogliptin found that alogliptin may increase the risk of heart failure (HF) exacerbation in patients with established HF.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Impact of early intervention with alogliptin on coronary plaque regression and stabilization in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Author: OkadaKozo, KikuchiShinnosuke, KujiShotaro, NakayamaNaoki, MaejimaNobuhiko, MatsuzawaYasushi, IwahashiNoriaki, KosugeMasami, EbinaToshiaki, KimuraKazuo, TamuraKouichi, HibiKiyoshi

Plaque regression
Plaque stabilization

This randomized controlled trial found that alogliptin treatment resulted in significant plaque regression and stabilization in non-culprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome and mild dysglycemia. These findings suggest that early intervention with incretin-based treatments may be beneficial in this patient population.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Formulation and Optimization of Alogliptin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles: In Vitro to In Vivo Assessment.

Author: MohantyDibyalochan, GilaniSadaf Jamal, ZafarAmeeduzzafar, ImamSyed Sarim, KumarLadi Alik, AhmedMohammed Muqtader, JahangirMohammed Asadullah, BakshiVasudha, AhmadWasim, EltayibEyman Mohamed

Diabetes management
Improved pharmacokinetics

Alogliptin (ALG) is an FDA-approved oral anti-hyperglycemic drug. This study developed polymeric ALG nanoparticles (NPs) using the nanoprecipitation method. The optimized ALG-NPs showed a prolonged release pattern in vitro, increased intestinal permeation, and improved pharmacokinetic and anti-diabetic activity compared to pure ALG.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Cross-Talk between Obesity and Diabetes: Introducing Polyphenols as an Effective Phytomedicine to Combat the Dual Sword Diabesity.

Author: ShahMuhammad Ajmal, HarisMuhammad, FaheemHafiza Ishmal, HamidAyesha, YousafRimsha, RasulAzhar, ShahGhulam Mujtaba, KhalilAtif Ali Khan, WahabAbdul, KhanHaroon, AlhasaniReem Hasaballah, AlthobaitiNorah A

Diabesity treatment

This review explores the potential of natural polyphenols, particularly dietary polyphenols, in combating "diabesity," a combination of diabetes and obesity. The review discusses how these polyphenols can target specific genes and molecular pathways to address both diabetes and obesity by modulating various mechanisms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Alogliptin Induced Stomatitis: An Adverse Drug Event Case Report.

Author: TerryDanielle, EadsAndrea V

T2DM treatment
Stomatitis

This case report describes a patient who developed stomatitis after taking alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitor. The stomatitis resolved after discontinuation of the alogliptin. This case highlights the potential for alogliptin to cause stomatitis, a side effect not previously reported with this medication.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

16.

Safety and efficacy of once weekly dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor trelagliptin in type-2 diabetes: A meta-analysis.

Author: DuttaDeep, MohindraRitin, SuranaVineet, SharmaMeha

Good glycemic efficacy
Good tolerability

This meta-analysis evaluated the safety and efficacy of trelagliptin in type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Trelagliptin demonstrated good glycemic efficacy and was well-tolerated in people with T2DM.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

17.

Comparison of Efficacy of Glimepiride, Alogliptin, and Alogliptin-Pioglitazone as the Initial Periods of Therapy in Patients with Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Study.

Author: KimHae Jin, JeongIn Kyung, HurKyu Yeon, KimSoo-Kyung, NohJung Hyun, ChunSung Wan, KangEun Seok, RheeEun-Jung, ChoiSung Hee

T2DM control

This study compares the efficacy and safety of three oral hypoglycemic agents, glimepiride, alogliptin, and alogliptin-pioglitazone, in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with drug-naïve or metformin failure, aiming to inform the choice of optimal initial treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Effects of DPP4 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: DaluiSaikat K, ChakravertyRaja, YasminNafisha, PattanaikSmita, PanditKaushik, ChatterjeeSuparna

Adverse events

This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) for renal outcomes, adverse events (AEs), and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. The results suggest that DPP4I do not provide a significant benefit in terms of renal outcomes or all-cause mortality. There was no evidence of increased AEs. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Efficacy and safety of alogliptin versus acarbose in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk or coronary heart disease treated with aspirin and inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy or drug-naive: A multicentre, randomized, open-label, prospective study (ACADEMIC).

Author: GaoBin, GaoWeiguo, WanHailong, XuFengmei, ZhouRong, ZhangXia, JiQiuhe

Alogliptin
Glycemic control
Cardiovascular risk
Gastrointestinal AEs

Alogliptin was noninferior to acarbose in controlling blood sugar levels in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. Alogliptin was associated with a lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects (8.9% vs. 33.6%) and more patients achieved target blood sugar levels without gastrointestinal side effects.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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