Side Effects of alogliptin: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Alogliptin is a new type of drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. 9 、 12 、 13 、 14 、 1 . Previous studies have shown that alogliptin is effective in improving blood sugar levels. 9 、 2 、 18 . Alogliptin has also been shown to have a lower risk of hypoglycemia and suppress weight gain compared to sulfonylurea drugs. 8 、 21 . Furthermore, alogliptin has been shown to be safe for cardiovascular health. 12 、 13 、 20 . These research findings suggest that alogliptin is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Reasons for Side Effects

The cause of the side effects of alogliptin is not fully understood. However, alogliptin lowers blood sugar levels by inhibiting the breakdown of intestinal hormones called incretins, so it is possible that the hyperactivity of the incretin-based hormones is causing some of the side effects. 8 . Also, like other drugs, alogliptin may be more prone to side effects depending on your constitution and dosage. 1 .

Common Side Effects

Nasopharyngitis

Taking alogliptin can lead to nasopharyngitis and other upper respiratory tract infections. 1 、 24 .

Headache

Taking alogliptin can cause headaches. 1 、 24 .

Hypoglycemia

Taking alogliptin can cause hypoglycemia. 1 、 24 .

Pancreatitis

Taking alogliptin can lead to pancreatitis. 12 、 7 .

Cancer

Taking alogliptin may increase the risk of cancer. 12 .

Skin Reactions

Taking alogliptin can cause skin reactions. 20 、 3 .

Bullous Pemphigoid

Taking alogliptin may cause bullous pemphigoid. 3 .

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Hypoglycemia

If you experience symptoms of hypoglycemia, you should immediately take glucose. 1 .

Pancreatitis

If you experience symptoms of pancreatitis, you should consult a doctor immediately. 12 、 7 .

Skin Reactions

If you experience skin reactions, you should consult a doctor immediately. 20 .

Bullous Pemphigoid

If you experience symptoms of bullous pemphigoid, you should consult a doctor immediately. 3 .

Comparison Between Studies

Common Points of Studies

Many studies have shown that alogliptin is effective in improving blood sugar levels. 9 、 2 、 18 . Also, alogliptin has been shown to have a lower risk of hypoglycemia and suppress weight gain compared to sulfonylurea drugs. 8 、 21 .

Differences Between Studies

The results of studies on the side effects of alogliptin vary. 12 、 7 、 20 、 3 . Some studies have shown that alogliptin may increase the risk of pancreatitis. 12 、 7 . On the other hand, other studies have shown that alogliptin is safe for cardiovascular health. 12 、 13 、 20 .

Precautions for Real-Life Applications

Alogliptin is a drug that can lower blood sugar levels, but it can also cause side effects. 1 、 24 . Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking alogliptin and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any side effects. 1 、 24 .

Limitations of Current Research

The side effects of alogliptin are not yet fully understood. 12 、 7 、 20 、 3 . Further research is needed, especially on long-term side effects. 18 .

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed on the long-term side effects of alogliptin and its interactions with other drugs. 12 、 7 、 20 、 3 . Research is also needed on the effects of alogliptin when used in combination with other diabetes medications. 4 .

Conclusion

Alogliptin is a drug that can lower blood sugar levels, but it can also cause side effects. 1 、 24 . It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking alogliptin and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any side effects. 1 、 24 .

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Effective T2DM treatment
1
Blood sugar control
Safety
2
Type 2 diabetes treatment
4
Lung cancer treatment
5
Cardiovascular health
Diabetes management
Renal function
6
Lower blood pressure
Lower hypoglycemia risk
Reduced HbA1c
Weight loss
8
Excellent safety profile
Improved glycemic control
9
Improved glucose control
10
Diabetes treatment
11
Glucose control
Hypoglycemia prevention
Type 2 diabetes treatment
Weight gain prevention
13
Type 2 diabetes treatment
14
Lower blood glucose
No GI disturbance
No hypoglycemia
No weight gain
15
Cardiovascular event reduction
Glycemic control
16
Improved diabetes management
Long-term safety
17
Improved glycemic control
18
Diabetes treatment
Low adverse effects
19
Improved glycemic control
Low side effects
No hypoglycemia
No weight gain
Reduced cardiovascular risk
21
T2DM management
22
Antidiabetic effect
Antioxidant activity
DPP-4 inhibition
23
Improved glycemic control
Lower HbA1c
24
Diabesity treatment
25
Risk Keywords
Acute pancreatitis
Headache
Hypoglycemia
Nasopharyngitis
Serious hypersensitivity
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Upper-respiratory tract infections
1
Bullous pemphigoid
3
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
4
Hyperglycemia
5
Gastrointestinal side effects
Heart failure risk
Ketoacidosis
6
Pancreatitis risk
7
Fullness
Genital/urinary infections
Nausea
8
Gastrointestinal distress
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
9
Gastrointestinal issues
Skin reactions
10
Serious side effects
11
Cancer risk
Pancreatitis risk
12
Renal impairment risk
13
Side effects
14
None mentioned
16
Rash
18
Diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
19
Heart failure
20
Side effects
22
Gastrointestinal issues
Hypoglycemia
24
Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
22
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
3
Article Type
1
2
0
13
24
1.

An update on the clinical pharmacology of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor alogliptin used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Author: ChenXiao-Wu, HeZhi-Xu, ZhouZhi-Wei, YangTianxin, ZhangXueji, YangYin-Xue, DuanWei, ZhouShu-Feng

Effective T2DM treatment
Acute pancreatitis
Headache
Hypoglycemia
Nasopharyngitis
Serious hypersensitivity
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Upper-respiratory tract infections

This review provides updated clinical information on alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor used for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It covers pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, drug interactions, and future directions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

2.

Efficacy and safety of adding the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin to metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: NauckM A, EllisG C, FleckP R, WilsonC A, MekkiQ,

Blood sugar control
Safety

Alogliptin is an effective and safe treatment for type 2 diabetes when added to metformin for patients not sufficiently controlled on metformin monotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Bullous pemphigoid associated with the use of dipeptidil peptidase-4 inhibitors: analysis from studies based on pharmacovigilance databases.

Author: Molina-GuarnerosJuan A, Sainz-GilMaría, Sanz-FadriqueRosario, GarcíaPilar, Rodríguez-JiménezPedro, Navarro-GarcíaEster, MartinLuis H

Bullous pemphigoid

This study found evidence of an association between dipeptidase-4 inhibitors and bullous pemphigoid, a rare autoimmune skin disease. The association was statistically significant for both the pharmacological class as a whole and each of the individual dipeptidase-4 inhibitors agents under investigation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in triple oral therapy regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Author: BarnettAnthony H, CharbonnelBernard, MosesRobert G, KalraSanjay

Type 2 diabetes treatment
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain

Triple oral therapy is an option for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled by dual combination therapy. Agents should have complementary mechanisms of action and minimal risk of added side effects. This review discusses considerations for selecting triple oral therapy regimens and reviews clinical trial data on triple oral therapy using dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

6.

Advances in type 2 diabetes therapy: a focus on cardiovascular and renal outcomes.

Author: LibiantoRenata, DavisTimothy Me, EkinciElif I

Cardiovascular health
Diabetes management
Renal function
Gastrointestinal side effects
Heart failure risk
Ketoacidosis

Treatment options for type 2 diabetes have expanded, including SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP1 receptor agonists, and DPP4 inhibitors. Each class offers distinct benefits and risks, with varying cardiovascular and renal effects. Clinicians need to consider these factors when choosing medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and pancreatitis risk: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Author: MonamiM, DicembriniI, MannucciE

Pancreatitis risk

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of pancreatitis associated with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) by systematically collecting information from randomized clinical trials.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Diabetes.

Author: GallwitzBaptist

Lower blood pressure
Lower hypoglycemia risk
Reduced HbA1c
Weight loss
Fullness
Genital/urinary infections
Nausea

This chapter discusses novel therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes, including incretin-based therapies, sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors, and other emerging therapies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Alogliptin: a novel molecule for improving glycemic control in type II diabetes mellitus.

Author: GhatakSomsuvra B, PatelDevang S, ShankerNeeraj, SrivstavaAmbrish, DeshpandeShrikalp S, PanchalShital J

Excellent safety profile
Improved glycemic control
Gastrointestinal distress
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain

New therapies targeting the incretin pathway, particularly GLP-1, are being explored for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Alogliptin, a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in clinical studies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

12.

Safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Author: MonamiMatteo, DicembriniIlaria, MartelliDaniele, MannucciEdoardo

Cancer risk
Pancreatitis risk

This meta-analysis examined the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) on major cardiovascular events (MACE), cancer, and pancreatitis. Recent studies have suggested an association between DPP4i and increased risk of pancreatitis and cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

13.

[Alogliptin (Vipidia): a selective DPP-4 inhibitor with a good cardiovascular safety].

Author: ScheenA J

Glucose control
Hypoglycemia prevention
Type 2 diabetes treatment
Weight gain prevention
Renal impairment risk

Alogliptin is a new medication for type 2 diabetes that works by enhancing insulin secretion and reducing glucagon release. Studies have shown that alogliptin effectively improves blood sugar control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia or weight gain. However, due to its renal elimination, dose adjustments are required for patients with kidney problems.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

16.

Managing Diabetes and Preventing Heart Disease: Have We Found a Safe and Effective Agent?

Author: ChengJudy W M, ColucciVincent J, KalusJames S, SpinlerSarah A

Cardiovascular event reduction
Glycemic control
None mentioned

This article reviews current evidence of the CV outcomes of newer antihyperglycemics approved since 2008.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Administration of Dipeptidyl peptidase IV Inhibitors in Patients With New Onset Diabetes After Kidney Transplant.

Author: MpratsiakouAdamantia, PapasotiriouMarios, NtriniasTheodoros, TsiotsiosKonstantinos, PapachristouEvangelos, GoumenosDimitrios S

Improved diabetes management
Long-term safety

This study investigated the long-term safety and efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors in renal transplant recipients with new onset diabetes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Long-term effects of alogliptin benzoate in hemodialysis patients with diabetes: a 2-year study.

Author: NakamuraYuya, InagakiMasahiro, ShimizuTatsuo, FujitaKiichiro, InoueMichiyasu, GotohHiromichi, OguchiKatsuji, GotoYoshikazu

Improved glycemic control
Rash

Alogliptin benzoate monotherapy significantly reduced HbA1c and GA levels in hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes after 2 years of treatment. The drug also increased glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and had a low adverse event rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

Progress in the discovery of naturally occurring anti-diabetic drugs and in the identification of their molecular targets.

Author: HeJian-Hua, ChenLi-Xia, LiHua

Diabetes treatment
Low adverse effects
Diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus

This review summarizes newly found anti-diabetic natural compounds and extracts from 2011-2017, highlighting their potential for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by targeting specific molecular mechanisms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

Cardiovascular safety signals with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A disproportionality analysis among high-risk patients.

Author: BakshSheriza N, McAdams-DeMarcoMara, SegalJodi B, AlexanderG Caleb

Heart failure

Reports to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System suggest a possible increased risk of heart failure associated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, but more research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

21.

Comparative review of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and sulphonylureas.

Author: DeaconC F, LebovitzH E

Improved glycemic control
Low side effects
No hypoglycemia
No weight gain
Reduced cardiovascular risk

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a progressive disease. Sulphonylurea drugs, a traditional second-line treatment for T2DM, can cause hypoglycemia and weight gain. Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors, a newer class of drugs, are equally effective in controlling blood sugar but do not cause hypoglycemia or weight gain and have fewer side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

22.

Efficacy and risk profile of anti-diabetic therapies: Conventional vs traditional drugs-A mechanistic revisit to understand their mode of action.

Author: GuptaPrachi, BalaManju, GuptaSanjeev, DuaAnita, DaburRajesh, InjetiElisha, MittalAshwani

T2DM management
Side effects

This review explores the mechanisms of action of various anti-diabetic drugs and their potential for combination therapy. It discusses both conventional and herbal strategies, highlighting their benefits and potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Phytochemicals in Garlic Extract Inhibit Therapeutic Enzyme DPP-4 and Induce Skeletal Muscle Cell Proliferation: A Possible Mechanism of Action to Benefit the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.

Author: KalhotraPoonam, ChittepuVeera C S R, Osorio-RevillaGuillermo, Gallardo-VelazquezTzayhri

Antidiabetic effect
Antioxidant activity
DPP-4 inhibition

Ultrasonication-assisted garlic bulb extract showed DPP-4 inhibitory and antioxidant activities, suggesting potential for treating diabetes mellitus.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Newer Antidiabetic Drugs Approved from 2013 to 2017 in Controlling HbA1c in Diabetes Patients.

Author: PalanisamySivanandy, YienEmily Lau Hie, ShiLing Wen, SiLow Yi, QiSee Hui, LingLaura Soon Cheau, LunTeng Wai, ChenYap Nee

Improved glycemic control
Lower HbA1c
Gastrointestinal issues
Hypoglycemia

This systematic review compares the efficacy and safety of newer oral antidiabetic agents approved by the US FDA from 2013 to 2017 in controlling HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Semaglutide demonstrated the highest efficacy in lowering HbA1c, while alogliptin had the least adverse events. All agents had a similar safety profile with common gastrointestinal side effects and hypoglycemic events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

25.

Cross-Talk between Obesity and Diabetes: Introducing Polyphenols as an Effective Phytomedicine to Combat the Dual Sword Diabesity.

Author: ShahMuhammad Ajmal, HarisMuhammad, FaheemHafiza Ishmal, HamidAyesha, YousafRimsha, RasulAzhar, ShahGhulam Mujtaba, KhalilAtif Ali Khan, WahabAbdul, KhanHaroon, AlhasaniReem Hasaballah, AlthobaitiNorah A

Diabesity treatment

This review explores the potential of natural polyphenols, particularly dietary polyphenols, in combating "diabesity," a combination of diabetes and obesity. The review discusses how these polyphenols can target specific genes and molecular pathways to address both diabetes and obesity by modulating various mechanisms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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