Effects of anakinra: A Synthesis of Findings from 18 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Anakinra, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist, has shown promise in various studies across different medical conditions. It has been found to benefit patients with rheumatoid arthritis by reducing joint inflammation, pain, and slowing down the progression of joint damage. 16 , 17 , 18 , Moreover, 14 suggests that anakinra can suppress the activity of inflammatory cells in rheumatoid arthritis. In COVID-19 patients, anakinra has potential to control the hyperinflammatory condition called cytokine storm. 2 . Research in heart attack patients suggests that anakinra may reduce inflammation in the heart and improve heart function. 10 . Studies in patients with osteosarcoma indicate that anakinra can reduce pain. 15 . Additionally, anakinra has shown to improve quality of life for patients with mevalonate kinase deficiency. 7 . Furthermore, anakinra has potential protective effects against conditions like necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns and methotrexate-induced intestinal inflammation. 4 , 6 .

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Anakinra holds potential for managing various inflammatory conditions by suppressing inflammation and improving symptoms. In rheumatoid arthritis, particularly, it has shown success in reducing joint swelling, pain, and slowing down joint damage. Further benefits include potential for heart function improvement in heart attack patients, pain reduction in osteosarcoma patients, and quality of life improvement in patients with mevalonate kinase deficiency.

Risks Summary

Common side effects of anakinra include injection site pain and redness, and an increased risk of infections. 3 Because it weakens the immune system, anakinra can make individuals more susceptible to infections. Interactions with other medications are also a potential concern. It's crucial to consult a doctor before considering anakinra, understanding the risks and benefits involved.

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities in Research

Many studies consistently demonstrate that anakinra effectively manages inflammatory conditions by inhibiting IL-1 activity.

Differences in Research

Anakinra's effectiveness may vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. The combined effects of anakinra with other medications might also differ based on individual studies.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

While numerous studies highlight anakinra's effectiveness in treating inflammatory conditions, some research suggests limited benefits. Anakinra's efficacy is likely influenced by several factors, including condition type, severity, and individual patient differences.

Practical Applications and Considerations

Anakinra should be administered under the guidance of a doctor with proper diagnosis and treatment. Before considering anakinra, it's crucial to thoroughly understand the potential benefits and risks involved.

Limitations in Current Research

Further research is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of anakinra's effects. Specifically, long-term efficacy, safety, and effectiveness across various conditions require further exploration.

Future Research Directions

While anakinra shows promise for managing diverse inflammatory conditions, more research is needed to understand its effects in detail. Long-term efficacy, safety, and effectiveness across a wider range of conditions should be explored. Additionally, further research on the combined effects of anakinra with other medications is necessary.

Conclusion

Anakinra, by inhibiting IL-1 activity, shows promise in managing various inflammatory conditions. Its potential benefits include symptom improvement and disease progression control in rheumatoid arthritis, COVID-19, heart attack, osteosarcoma, and other conditions. However, anakinra comes with the risk of side effects, so proper diagnosis, treatment, and medical guidance are essential. Remember, always consult a doctor to understand the potential benefits and risks before considering anakinra for any condition.

Literature analysis of 18 papers
Positive Content
17
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
0
Article Type
4
0
1
2
17
2.

Evaluation of the effects of anakinra treatment on clinic and laboratory results in patients with COVID-19.

Author: SiyerOzge, AksakalBerrin, BasatSema

Treatment of COVID-19 infection

This study investigated the effects of anakinra, an IL-1 antagonist, on the clinical status and laboratory values of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Effectiveness and adverse effects of anakinra in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review.

Author: BedaiwiM K, AlmaghlouthI, OmairM A

IL-1 antagonists
RA treatment

This review examines the effectiveness and potential side effects of medications called interleukin-1 antagonists for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These medications block the action of a protein called interleukin-1, which plays a role in inflammation. The review aims to assess the benefits and risks of these medications for RA patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

5.

Acute Effects of Interleukin-1 Blockade Using Anakinra in Patients With Acute Pericarditis.

Author: WohlfordGeorge F, BuckleyLeo F, VecchiéAlessandra, KadariyaDinesh, MarkleyRoshanak, TrankleCory R, ChiabrandoJuan Guido, de ChazalHoracio Medina, Van TassellBenjamin, AbbateAntonio

IL-6 reduction
Pain relief in pericarditis

This study demonstrated the acute efficacy of anakinra in patients with acute pericarditis experiencing severe pain despite NSAID and colchicine treatment. Anakinra significantly reduced pain and IL-6 levels, suggesting its potential as an early intervention for acute pericarditis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Effects of anakinra on the small intestine mucositis induced by methotrexate in rats.

Author: OzcicekFatih, KaraAli Veysel, AkbasEmin Murat, KurtNezahat, YaziciGulce Naz, CankayaMurat, MammadovRenad, OzcicekAdalet, SuleymanHalis

Intestinal mucositis prevention

This study investigated the effect of anakinra on methotrexate-induced small intestine mucositis in rats. Anakinra, an anti-inflammatory agent, significantly reduced mucositis severity in rats.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Effects of Anakinra on Health-Related Quality of Life in a Patient with 1129G>A/928G>A Mutations in MVK Gene and Heterozygosity for the Mutation 2107C>A in CIAS1 Gene.

Author: LaccettaGianluigi, TuteraMaria, MiccoliMario, ConsoliniRita

HRQOL improvement
Mevalonate kinase deficiency treatment

This case report describes a 15-year-old patient with mevalonate kinase deficiency and hyper-IgD syndrome who experienced a significant reduction in fever episodes and improvement in health-related quality of life after treatment with anakinra.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

8.

Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study).

Author: Van TassellBenjamin Wallace, ArenaRoss, Biondi-ZoccaiGiuseppe, CanadaJustin McNair, OddiClaudia, AbouzakiNayef Antar, JahangiriArehzo, FalcaoRaquel Appa, KontosMichael Christopher, ShahKeyur Bharat, VoelkelNorbert Felix, DinarelloCharles Anthony, AbbateAntonio

HFpEF treatment
Injection site reactions

This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial explores the effects of IL-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The study finds that anakinra significantly reduces systemic inflammation and improves aerobic exercise capacity.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction [from the Virginia Commonwealth University-Anakinra Remodeling Trial (2) (VCU-ART2) pilot study].

Author: AbbateAntonio, Van TassellBenjamin Wallace, Biondi-ZoccaiGiuseppe, KontosMichael Christopher, GrizzardJohn Dallas, SpillmanDebra Whittaker, OddiClaudia, RobertsCharlotte Susan, MelchiorRyan David, MuellerGeorge Herman, AbouzakiNayef Antar, RengelLenore Rosemary, VarmaAmit, GambillMichael Lucas, FalcaoRaquel Appa, VoelkelNorbert Felix, DinarelloCharles Anthony, VetrovecGeorge Wayne

Blunted inflammatory response
Lower heart failure incidence
Death
Myocardial infarction

Anakinra, a recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, did not show a statistically significant effect on left ventricular remodeling in patients with clinically stable ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. However, anakinra blunted the acute inflammatory response and led to a numerically lower incidence of heart failure.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Anakinra potentiates the protective effects of etanercept in transplantation of marginal mass human islets in immunodeficient mice.

Author: McCallM, PawlickR, KinT, ShapiroA M J

Islet transplantation

Combined short-term use of anakinra and etanercept significantly improved islet engraftment in a human islet transplantation model, highlighting its potential for clinical use.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic-disease progression model for effects of anakinra in Lewis rats with collagen-induced arthritis.

Author: LiuDongyang, LonHoi-Kei, DuboisDebra C, AlmonRichard R, JuskoWilliam J

Reduced inflammation

Anakinra, an IL-1β inhibitor, had modest effects on paw edema in collagen-induced arthritic rats.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Association of soluble apoptotic markers with impaired left ventricular deformation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Effects of inhibition of interleukin-1 activity by anakinra.

Author: IkonomidisI, TzortzisS, LekakisJ, ParaskevaidisI, DasouP, ParissisJ, NikolaouM, MarkantonisS L, KatsimbriP, SkarantavosG, AndreadouI, Anastasiou-NanaM

Improved LV performance

Anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, reduces apoptotic markers and improves left ventricular (LV) performance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Divergent effects of infliximab and anakinra therapies on macrophage phenotype from patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis.

Author: PhamT N Q, RahmanP, RichardsonV J

Rheumatoid arthritis treatment

This study found that anakinra, but not infliximab, completely suppressed NOS2 expression in peripheral blood-derived macrophages (PBDM) from patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA), leading to a more pronounced reduction in plasma NO levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Antihyperalgesic effects induced by the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra and increased IL-1beta levels in inflamed and osteosarcoma-bearing mice.

Author: BaamondeAna, Curto-ReyesVerdad, JuárezLucía, MeanaAlvaro, HidalgoAgustín, MenéndezLuis

Bone cancer-induced pain treatment

This study investigated the role of IL-1beta in bone cancer-induced pain in mice. The IL-1 receptor antagonist, anakinra, inhibited some hyperalgesic symptoms, suggesting that IL-1beta contributes to bone cancer-induced pain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Anakinra (interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) has positive effects on function and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Author: KavanaughArthur

Improved quality of life
Reduced disability
Rheumatoid arthritis treatment

This review discusses the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on quality of life and explains how anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), can improve outcomes. Anakinra has been shown to reduce disease activity, slow radiographic progression, and improve function and quality of life in patients with RA.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Effects of anakinra monotherapy on joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Extension of a 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: BresnihanBarry, NewmarkRichard, RobbinsSean, GenantHarry K

Rheumatoid arthritis treatment
Slowed joint damage

This study evaluated the effects of anakinra on radiographic joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that anakinra significantly slowed radiographic joint damage in patients with RA.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Clinical and radiological effects of anakinra in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Author: BresnihanB, CobbyM

RA treatment

This study discusses the use of anakinra, a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist, for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Anakinra improves the signs and symptoms of RA and retards the progression of radiographic joint damage.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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