Effective treatment of antibiotic resistance: A Synthesis of Findings from 14 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Antibiotic resistance (AMR) is a serious public health problem worldwide. 12 , 13 , 14 , 5 , 9 , 10 , 7 , 4 , 2 , 1 , 11 , 3 , 8 , 6 AMR occurs when bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, making infections more difficult to treat. 5 AMR can make it difficult to treat infections, leading to longer hospital stays, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 Several studies have shown that antibiotic use is linked to the rise of AMR. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 11 , 3 Using antibiotics appropriately is crucial to curb AMR and improve treatment outcomes for infections. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3

Treatment Summary

Treating antibiotic resistance (AMR) requires careful and appropriate use of antibiotics. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 Some research suggests that using a computerized decision support system (TREAT) can help reduce antibiotic use and curb AMR. 1 Additionally, using an electric field-magnetic powder coupled membrane bioreactor (EM-MBR) has shown potential in improving phenol wastewater treatment efficiency and inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). 13

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Appropriate antibiotic use is crucial for curbing AMR and improving treatment outcomes for infections. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3

Risks Summary

Overuse of antibiotics can lead to the rise of AMR, making infections more difficult to treat. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities Across Studies

Multiple studies have shown that antibiotic use is linked to the rise of AMR. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 11 , 3 The studies also agree that using antibiotics appropriately is crucial for curbing AMR and improving treatment outcomes for infections. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3

Differences Across Studies

Some research suggests that using a computerized decision support system (TREAT) can help reduce antibiotic use and curb AMR. 1 Additionally, using an electric field-magnetic powder coupled membrane bioreactor (EM-MBR) has shown potential in improving phenol wastewater treatment efficiency and inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). 13

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Several studies have shown that antibiotic use is linked to the rise of AMR. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 11 , 3 However, the studies differ in their findings on specific interventions to curb AMR.

Considerations for Real-World Application

AMR is a serious public health problem worldwide. 12 , 13 , 14 , 5 , 9 , 10 , 7 , 4 , 2 , 1 , 11 , 3 , 8 , 6 Appropriate antibiotic use is crucial for curbing AMR and improving treatment outcomes for infections. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 It is important to use antibiotics only when necessary and as prescribed by a doctor.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on AMR is still ongoing, and there are many challenges to overcome. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 Further research is needed to address these challenges.

Future Research Directions

Continued research is necessary to understand the mechanisms of AMR, develop effective treatments, and explore preventive measures. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 Research on the societal impact of AMR is also crucial.

Conclusion

AMR is a serious public health problem worldwide. 12 , 13 , 14 , 5 , 9 , 10 , 7 , 4 , 2 , 1 , 11 , 3 , 8 , 6 Appropriate antibiotic use is crucial for curbing AMR and improving treatment outcomes for infections. 5 , 9 , 10 , 4 , 1 , 3 It is important to use antibiotics only when necessary and as prescribed by a doctor.

Treatment List

Appropriate antibiotic use, using computerized decision support system (TREAT), using electric field-magnetic powder coupled membrane bioreactor (EM-MBR)

Literature analysis of 14 papers
Positive Content
13
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
0
Article Type
4
5
7
5
14
1.

Improving empirical antibiotic treatment using TREAT, a computerized decision support system: cluster randomized trial.

Author: PaulMical, AndreassenSteen, TacconelliEvelina, NielsenAnders D, AlmanasrehNadja, FrankUwe, CaudaRoberto, LeiboviciLeonard,

Improved treatment
Reduced costs

The study evaluated the effectiveness of a computerized decision support system for antibiotic treatment (TREAT) in improving appropriate antibiotic treatment and reducing antibiotic costs. The results showed that TREAT prescribed appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment significantly more frequently than physicians, used less broad-spectrum antibiotics, and reduced antibiotic costs. The study concluded that TREAT improved the rate of appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment while reducing antibiotic costs and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Antibiotic resistance in primary care in Austria - a systematic review of scientific and grey literature.

Author: HoffmannKathryn, WagnerGernot, ApfalterPetra, MaierManfred

Improved antibiotic resistance management

Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern worldwide. While most antibiotics are prescribed in outpatient settings, treatment recommendations are often based on data from hospitalized patients. This study aimed to gather information on antibiotic resistance in Austria, using both scientific and non-scientific sources, as part of a European project on antibiotic prescribing practices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

3.

Use of behavioral economics and social psychology to improve treatment of acute respiratory infections (BEARI): rationale and design of a cluster randomized controlled trial [1RC4AG039115-01]--study protocol and baseline practice and provider characteristics.

Author: PersellStephen D, FriedbergMark W, MeekerDaniella, LinderJeffrey A, FoxCraig R, GoldsteinNoah J, ShahParth D, KnightTara K, DoctorJason N

Decreased antibiotic resistance
Adverse drug events
Increased costs of care

Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is a common problem. This study will investigate the use of social psychological and behavioral economic principles to decrease inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

4.

Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients.

Author: DaveyPeter, MarwickCharis A, ScottClaire L, CharaniEsmita, McNeilKirsty, BrownErwin, GouldIan M, RamsayCraig R, MichieSusan

Antibiotic use improvement

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem, with infections caused by resistant bacteria leading to longer hospital stays and higher death rates. This review updates research on interventions aimed at improving antibiotic prescribing practices in hospitals, aiming to ensure effective treatment and reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

5.

Implications of Antibiotic Resistance for Patients' Recovery From Common Infections in the Community: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Author: van HeckeOliver, WangKay, LeeJoseph J, RobertsNia W, ButlerChris C

Better understanding of antibiotic resistance
Informed discussions about antibiotic use
Delayed recovery from infection

This systematic review assessed the clinical impact of antibiotic resistance in community settings. The review found that antibiotic resistance was significantly associated with clinical response failure in patients with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant urinary and respiratory-tract infections. This highlights the importance of understanding the impact of antibiotic resistance on patient outcomes and the need for responsible antibiotic use to mitigate this threat.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

6.

Determinants of inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: CarraraElena, PfefferIris, ZusmanOren, LeiboviciLeonard, PaulMical

Antibiotic treatment optimization
Mortality risk

This systematic review assessed study-level determinants of inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment (IEAT), focusing on the influence of study years and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). The review found that the prevalence of MDROs, particularly multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, was significantly associated with the probability of prescribing IEAT and higher mortality rates in recent studies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

7.

Global prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: PormohammadAli, MehdinejadianiKobra, GholizadehPourya, NasiriMohammad Javad, MohtavinejadNaser, DadashiMasoud, KarimaeiSamira, SafariHossein, AzimiTaher

Antibiotic resistance management

Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacteria that is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, which is a major concern in hospitals worldwide. Understanding the antibiotic resistance patterns can help doctors choose the best antibiotics, reduce the spread of resistance, and develop new and effective treatments.

Historical ArticleA research paper that analyzes past events and developments using primary sources and examines them from a historical perspective.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

8.

The global prevalence of Daptomycin, Tigecycline, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, and Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: ShariatiAref, DadashiMasoud, CheginiZahra, van BelkumAlex, MirzaiiMehdi, KhoramroozSeyed Sajjad, Darban-SarokhalilDavood

New agents for resistance
Vancomycin effective
Antibiotic resistance spread
Limited data on new agents

This study investigated the global resistance rates of S. aureus, MRSA, and CoNS to various antibiotics, including vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D). The study aimed to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance and its implications for treating infections caused by these bacteria.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

Prevention of antibiotic resistance - an epidemiological scoping review to identify research categories and knowledge gaps.

Author: WallStig

Infectious disease treatment
Antibiotic resistance

Antibiotics have saved countless lives, but their overuse has led to drug resistance, meaning they are becoming less effective. This is a major global health crisis, as serious as terrorism and climate change, threatening our health, food supply, and development.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Effect of C-Reactive Protein-Guided Antibiotic Treatment Duration, 7-Day Treatment, or 14-Day Treatment on 30-Day Clinical Failure Rate in Patients With Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: von DachElodie, AlbrichWerner C, BrunelAnne-Sophie, PrendkiVirginie, CuvelierClémence, FluryDomenica, Gayet-AgeronAngèle, HuttnerBenedikt, KohlerPhilipp, LemmenmeierEva, McCallinShawna, RosselAnne, HarbarthStephan, KaiserLaurent, BochudPierre-Yves, HuttnerAngela

Noninferior to fixed treatment
Antibiotic resistance

In a study of adults with uncomplicated gram-negative bacteremia, C-reactive protein (CRP)-guided antibiotic treatment duration and a fixed 7-day treatment duration were noninferior to a fixed 14-day treatment duration in terms of clinical failure rate at day 30. However, the interpretation of the results is limited by the large noninferiority margin, low observed event rate, and low adherence in the CRP-guided group.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Equivalence TrialA clinical trial designed to show that a new treatment is equivalent in efficacy/safety to an existing treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Impact of antibiotics on off-target infant gut microbiota and resistance genes in cohort studies.

Author: LebeauxRebecca M, MadanJuliette C, NguyenQuang P, CokerModupe O, DadeErika F, MoroishiYuka, PalysThomas J, RossBenjamin D, PettigrewMelinda M, MorrisonHilary G, KaragasMargaret R, HoenAnne G

Microbiome modulation
Antibiotic resistance

This study assessed the impact of antibiotic exposures on the gut microbiome of infants. Over 200 infants were followed from birth to 1 year. Antibiotic exposure was associated with changes in the abundance of multiple species and antibiotic resistance genes. Daycare attendance was also linked to increased abundance of Escherichia coli and antibiotic resistance genes.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

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