Major Findings

Capmatinib, a MET inhibitor, has shown efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutations. A phase II trial found that 72% of treatment-naïve patients responded to capmatinib, while the response rate for previously treated patients was 39.1%. 3 Capmatinib has been authorized for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with MET exon 14 skipping mutation in adult patients. 1

Reasons for Side Effects

Capmatinib is a MET inhibitor, which means it blocks the MET signaling pathway, a process that can contribute to cancer cell growth. Blocking this pathway can lead to side effects. 3

Common Side Effects

Peripheral Edema

Peripheral edema has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 3

Nausea

Nausea has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 3

Vomiting

Vomiting has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 3

Hepatotoxicity

Hepatotoxicity has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 1 2

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis

Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 2

Pancreatic Toxicity

Pancreatic toxicity has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 2

Photosensitivity

Photosensitivity has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 2

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Embryo-fetal toxicity has been reported as a side effect of capmatinib. 2

Side Effect Management

Peripheral Edema

Careful monitoring of the patient's condition and appropriate treatment with diuretics, if needed, are important.

Nausea and Vomiting

Antiemetics and dietary modifications can be effective in managing nausea and vomiting.

Hepatotoxicity

Regular liver function tests should be performed, and capmatinib dosage may need to be adjusted or discontinued based on results.

Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis

Early diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids are essential.

Pancreatic Toxicity

If symptoms of pancreatitis occur, capmatinib should be discontinued and appropriate treatment administered.

Photosensitivity

Protective measures like sunscreen and hats are important.

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Pregnancy should be avoided during capmatinib treatment. If there is a possibility of pregnancy, consultation with a physician is recommended.

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have demonstrated that capmatinib is an effective treatment for advanced NSCLC patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutations.

Differences

Different studies have reported varying response rates and side effect frequencies. A study found a 72% response rate in treatment-naïve patients and a 39.1% response rate in previously treated patients. 3 Another study indicated that capmatinib is generally well-tolerated. 4

Real-Life Application Considerations

While capmatinib is a promising treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutations, it's crucial to be aware of the potential side effects. Consultation with a physician is vital to fully understand the benefits and risks before deciding on this treatment.

Current Limitations of Research

Research on capmatinib is still limited. Further investigation is needed to assess its long-term safety and efficacy.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on long-term safety and efficacy, as well as exploring combination therapies with other treatments.

Conclusion

Capmatinib is a promising drug for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutations. However, it's crucial to be aware of the potential side effects and consult with a physician to make informed treatment decisions. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding of capmatinib's long-term safety, efficacy, and optimal use in various contexts.