Effects of caspofungin injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 19 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main research findings

Caspofungin is an antifungal medication used to treat fungal infections, such as aspergillosis and candidiasis. Multiple studies have demonstrated its effectiveness against these infections. For instance, research published in 10 showed that caspofungin was effective in a rat model of aspergillosis, either alone or combined with amphotericin B. Additionally, 6 reported a human case of pulmonary aspergillosis where caspofungin, when combined with amphotericin B, proved to be beneficial. Furthermore, 13 described a pediatric case of cutaneous aspergillosis successfully treated with caspofungin in combination with oral voriconazole.

Caspofungin exerts its effects by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal cell walls. The cell wall is a crucial structure for fungal survival. By impeding cell wall synthesis, caspofungin prevents fungal survival, leading to the resolution of the infection.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit summary

Caspofungin is an effective antifungal medication for treating fungal infections such as aspergillosis and candidiasis. Studies have shown its efficacy both alone and in combination with other antifungal drugs. Caspofungin works by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal cell walls.

Risk summary

Caspofungin is generally considered a safe medication. However, there is a chance of side effects occurring, although they are rare. Side effects may include rash, itching, and gastrointestinal issues. Caspofungin is metabolized by the liver and excreted through the kidneys. Patients with compromised liver or kidney function may have an increased risk of experiencing side effects.

Comparison between studies

Commonalities in studies

Multiple studies have confirmed the effectiveness of caspofungin in treating fungal infections like aspergillosis and candidiasis. Its mechanism of action involves disrupting the synthesis of fungal cell walls. Caspofungin has shown efficacy both as a single agent and when combined with other antifungal drugs.

Differences in studies

Variations in the effectiveness and frequency of side effects of caspofungin have been observed across studies. This variation can be attributed to factors such as the characteristics of the patients participating, the type of infection being treated, and the administration method used for caspofungin. For instance, 10 illustrated caspofungin's effectiveness in a rat model of aspergillosis, either alone or in conjunction with amphotericin B. In contrast, 6 reported a human case of pulmonary aspergillosis where caspofungin, when combined with amphotericin B, proved to be beneficial. As exemplified, the effectiveness and side effect profile of caspofungin can vary across studies.

Consistency and Contradictions in the Results

Multiple studies have indicated that caspofungin is an effective medication for treating fungal infections like aspergillosis and candidiasis. However, variations in caspofungin's effectiveness and side effect profile have been observed across studies. This variability is likely due to differences in the study populations, the types of infections being treated, and the methods used for administering caspofungin. Therefore, further research is needed to comprehensively understand the effects of caspofungin.

Practical application considerations

Caspofungin is a valuable medication for treating fungal infections such as aspergillosis and candidiasis. It is essential to be aware that caspofungin can occasionally cause side effects. These side effects may include rash, itching, and gastrointestinal problems. Caspofungin undergoes metabolism in the liver and excretion through the kidneys. Patients with impaired liver or kidney function may have a higher likelihood of experiencing side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to follow the instructions provided by your doctor and remain vigilant for any potential side effects when using caspofungin.

Limitations of current research

The current research on caspofungin is still limited in scope. Many areas remain unclear, such as the combined efficacy of caspofungin with other antifungal drugs and the long-term effects of using caspofungin. Further research is necessary to fully understand the effects of caspofungin.

Future research directions

Further research on caspofungin should focus on exploring the combined efficacy of caspofungin with other antifungal drugs and the long-term effects of using caspofungin. These areas currently lack sufficient understanding. Therefore, future research in these directions is crucial to comprehensively understand the effects of caspofungin.

Conclusion

Caspofungin is a valuable antifungal medication for treating fungal infections, such as aspergillosis and candidiasis. It is essential to remember that caspofungin can occasionally cause side effects. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions and be watchful for any potential side effects. The current research on caspofungin remains limited, and further research is needed to fully understand its effects.

Literature analysis of 19 papers
Positive Content
17
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
1
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19
1.

The use of cefaclor in the treatment of beta-haemolytic streptococcal throat infections in children.

Author: DisneyF A, BreeseB B, FrancisA B, GreenJ L, TalpeyW B

Streptococcal throat infection treatment
Minimal side effects

Cefaclor is an effective treatment for beta-haemolytic streptococcal throat infections in children.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Candida glabrata olecranon bursitis treated with bursectomy and intravenous caspofungin.

Author: SkedrosJohn G, KeenanKendra E, TrachtenbergJoel D

Yeast infection

This case report describes a rare case of Candida glabrata septic olecranon bursitis in an immunocompromised patient. The infection was treated successfully with surgery and intravenous caspofungin.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Synergistic effect of terbinafine and amphotericin B in killing Fonsecaea nubica in vitro and in vivo.

Author: ZhangJing, WuXiaoyan, LiMeirong, HuangJiamin, YinSongchao, HuangHuaiqiu, LuChun, XiLiyan

Chromoblastomycosis cure
Terbinafine and amphotericin B synergy
Poor response to itraconazole and terbinafine

This study investigated the efficacy of combining terbinafine with amphotericin B for treating chromoblastomycosis caused by Fonsecaea nubica. The combination was found to be synergistic in vitro and in vivo, successfully treating a patient who had failed other antifungal therapies.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Therapeutic efficacy of caspofungin alone and in combination with amphotericin B deoxycholate for coccidioidomycosis in a mouse model.

Author: GonzálezGloria M, GonzálezGerardo, NajvarLaura K, GraybillJohn R

Effective against coccidioidomycosis

This study found that caspofungin has efficacy against systemic coccidioidomycosis in a murine model given in combination with amphotericin B deoxycholate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Nebulized liposomal amphotericin B and combined systemic antifungal therapy for the treatment of severe pulmonary aspergillosis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for a fatal mitochondrial disorder.

Author: CastagnolaE, MorescoL, CappelliB, CuzzubboD, MoroniC, LaninoE, FaraciM

Aspergillosis treatment

A patient with mitochondrial disease (Pearson's syndrome) with severe, recurrent pulmonary aspergillosis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was treated with a combination of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B, high-dose intravenous liposomal amphotericin B, and high-dose caspofungin. The patient responded well to the treatment.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Evaluating retinal toxicity of intravitreal caspofungin in the mouse eye.

Author: MojumderDeb K, ConcepcionFrancis A, PatelShil K, BarkmeierAndrew J, CarvounisPetros E, WilsonJohn H, HolzEric R, WenselTheodore G

Fungal endophthalmitis treatment
Retinal toxicity

This study evaluated the retinal toxicity of caspofungin, an antifungal drug, in a mouse model after intravitreal injection. The results are intended to assess the safety profile of caspofungin for the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Single- and multiple-dose administration of caspofungin in patients with hepatic insufficiency: implications for safety and dosing recommendations.

Author: MistryGoutam C, MigoyaElizabeth, DeutschPaul J, WinchellGregory, HesneyMichael, LiSusan, BiSheng, DilzerStacy, LasseterKenneth C, StoneJulie A

Fungal infection treatment

This report investigated the safety and dosing of intravenous caspofungin in patients with hepatic insufficiency. In patients with mild hepatic insufficiency, no dose adjustment was needed. In patients with moderate hepatic insufficiency, a dose reduction to 35 mg daily following a 70 mg loading dose was recommended.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Combined therapy with amphotericin B and caspofungin in an experimental model of disseminated histoplasmosis.

Author: Rodríguez-ArellanesGabriela, TaylorMaría Lucía, Pérez-TorresArmando, Curiel-QuesadaEverardo, Vargas-MendozaCarlos Fabián, Martínez-RiveraMaría Angeles

Histoplasmosis treatment

This study found that caspofungin was more effective than amphotericin B in reducing CFU/g in mice with experimental disseminated histoplasmosis. Combining caspofungin with amphotericin B showed a synergistic effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Assessing the antifungal activity, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of amphotericin B following the administration of Abelcet and AmBisome in combination with caspofungin to rats infected with Aspergillus fumigatus.

Author: WasanKishor M, SivakOlena, RoslandMichael, RisovicVerica, BartlettKaren

AmpB pharmacokinetics
Antifungal activity

This study assessed the antifungal activity, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of amphotericin B (AmpB) in rats infected with Aspergillus fumigatus. Abelcet and AmBisome were administered alone and in combination with Caspofungin. Co-administration of Caspofungin did not affect the pharmacokinetics of AmpB.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Protein-bound drugs are prone to sequestration in the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit: results from an ex vivo study.

Author: ShekarKiran, RobertsJason A, McdonaldCharles I, GhassabianSussan, AnsteyChris, WallisSteven C, MullanyDaniel V, FungYoke L, FraserJohn F

ECMO circuit drug delivery

The study investigated the influence of plasma protein binding on drug disposition in ex vivo ECMO circuits.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Topical voriconazole solution for cutaneous aspergillosis in a pediatric patient after bone marrow transplant.

Author: KleinKristin C, BlackwoodR Alexander

Cutaneous aspergillosis treatment

Topical voriconazole, combined with systemic antifungal agents, was used to treat cutaneous aspergillosis in a pediatric patient after bone marrow transplant.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Efficacy of Delayed Therapy with Fosmanogepix (APX001) in a Murine Model of Candida auris Invasive Candidiasis.

Author: WiederholdNathan P, NajvarLaura K, ShawKaren J, JaramilloRosie, PattersonHoja, OlivoMarcos, CatanoGabriel, PattersonThomas F

Antifungal resistance
C. auris treatment

Fosmanogepix, a novel antifungal agent, was effective against fluconazole-resistant Candida auris in a murine model of invasive candidiasis even when therapy was delayed. In a study comparing fosmanogepix to fluconazole and caspofungin, both fosmanogepix and caspofungin significantly improved survival and reduced fungal burden, while fluconazole had no effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

15.

Treatment of Alternaria keratitis with intrastromal and topical caspofungin in combination with intrastromal, topical, and oral voriconazole.

Author: NeohChin Fen, LeungLok, VajpayeeRasik B, StewartKay, KongDavid C M

Alternaria keratitis treatment
Refractory keratitis

Intrastromal and topical caspofungin 0.5% in combination with topical, oral, and intrastromal voriconazole was used to successfully treat a case of refractory atypical Alternaria keratitis. This is the first reported instance of this combination therapy for Alternaria keratitis.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

16.

[Successful treatment of neuroaspergillosis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: role of surgery, systemic antifungal therapy and intracavitary therapy].

Author: OzçelikTülay, OzkalemkaşFahir, KocaeliHasan, AltundalYildiz, EnerBeyza, AliRidvan, OzkocamanVildan, HakyemezBahattin, TunaliAhmet

Cerebral aspergillosis treatment
Leukemia relapse
Neutropenic typhilitis

Aggressive neurosurgery, intracavitary instillation of amphotericin B and voriconazole are effective in treating cerebral aspergillosis. Voriconazole can cross the blood brain barrier and is a reliable and effective treatment modality in combination with neurosurgery.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Turkish

17.

Study on the comparative activity of echinocandins on murine gut colonization by Candida albicans.

Author: MarakiSofia, HamilosGeorge, DimopoulouDimitra, AndrianakiAngeliki M, KarageorgiadisAlexander Steven, KyvernitakisAndreas, LionakisStelios, KofteridisDiamantis P, SamonisGeorge

Treats invasive candidiasis

This study shows that echinocandins, a class of antifungal drugs, effectively eradicate Candida albicans from the gastrointestinal tract in mice. This finding suggests potential benefits for preventing invasive candidiasis in high-risk patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Determination of a cyclic hexapeptide, a novel antifungal agent, in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ion spray and turbo ion spray tandem mass spectrometric detection.

Author: Chavez-EngC M, SchwartzM, ConstanzerM L, MatuszewskiB K

Quantify MK-0991

A method for determining the concentration of MK-0991 in human plasma using HPLC with tandem mass spectrometry is described.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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