Effects of dexamethasone ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 14 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Dexamethasone ophthalmic is a corticosteroid used to treat eye inflammation. Research has shown it to be effective in treating a range of eye conditions, including inflammation after cataract surgery, tearing due to blocked tear ducts, viral and bacterial conjunctivitis, and inflammation following keratoplasty. 1 5 11 10 13 The drug has also been investigated for treating inner ear conditions and preventing scar tissue formation after eye surgery. 14 3

In some cases, dexamethasone ophthalmic has been used in combination with other medications, such as antibiotics and antivirals. 13 5 11

A study in dogs explored the potential toxicity and pharmacokinetics of sustained-release dexamethasone, suggesting the drug's safety profile is favorable. 9

A case report documented the development of Cushing's syndrome in a young infant after the intranasal administration of dexamethasone ophthalmic solution. This highlights the potential for systemic side effects, even with short-term use. 8

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Dexamethasone ophthalmic can be an effective treatment for reducing inflammation and pain in the eye. It has been used successfully for a variety of eye conditions. Research is ongoing to develop new formulations and delivery methods, potentially improving the drug's efficacy and minimizing side effects.

Risk Summary

Dexamethasone ophthalmic can cause side effects, such as increased eye pressure, cataracts, and glaucoma. Long-term use or high doses may lead to systemic side effects, including Cushing's syndrome. It's crucial to use the drug under the guidance of an ophthalmologist and to report any side effects to your doctor immediately.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities in Research

Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated the effectiveness of dexamethasone ophthalmic in treating eye inflammation. The drug's ability to reduce inflammation has been confirmed across a wide range of eye conditions.

Differences in Research

There are differences in the methods used, dosages, and durations of treatment across the studies. Some research has compared dexamethasone ophthalmic to other medications for specific conditions, highlighting potential advantages and disadvantages of the drug. Additionally, studies have explored the safety and efficacy of different formulations and delivery methods.

Consistency and Discrepancies in Results

The findings consistently show that dexamethasone ophthalmic is effective in treating eye inflammation. However, the dosages, delivery methods, and associated side effects have varied across research. Further research is needed to clarify these discrepancies and optimize the use of dexamethasone ophthalmic.

Notes on Applying Research to Daily Life

While dexamethasone ophthalmic can be a valuable treatment, it is crucial to use it under the guidance of an ophthalmologist and to follow their instructions carefully. Any side effects should be reported immediately to your doctor.

Limitations of Current Research

The majority of the research on dexamethasone ophthalmic is comprised of relatively small studies. Larger studies are needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the drug's long-term effects and optimal usage.

Future Research Directions

Further research is necessary to fully understand the safety and effectiveness of dexamethasone ophthalmic, including long-term effects and the impact of different dosages and delivery methods. Research should focus on developing new formulations and delivery methods to enhance the drug's effectiveness and minimize side effects.

Conclusion

Dexamethasone ophthalmic is a valuable treatment option for eye inflammation, but it's essential to be aware of potential side effects and use it as directed by an ophthalmologist. Ongoing research will continue to refine the understanding of dexamethasone ophthalmic, leading to more effective and safer treatment options for patients.

Literature analysis of 14 papers
Positive Content
10
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
4
Article Type
4
0
0
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14
1.

OCS-01 (Novel Topical Dexamethasone Formulation) in Inflammation and Pain Post Cataract Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Vehicle-Controlled Study.

Author: KorenfeldMichael, GiraJoe, JongKevin, MartelJoseph, VoldSteven, WaltersTom, UsnerDale, DonnenfeldEric

Pain relief
Reduced inflammation

OCS-01, a novel topical dexamethasone formulation, was more effective than vehicle in reducing inflammation and pain after cataract surgery. 51% of patients using OCS-01 once daily and 66.7% of patients using OCS-01 twice daily had no anterior chamber cells at Day 15, compared to 19.6% of patients using vehicle. Both formulations were well tolerated.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Safety and efficacy of topical vs intracanalicular corticosteroids for the prevention of postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery.

Author: LuAmy Q, RizkMonica, O'RourkeTara, GoodlingKristin, LehmanErik, ScottIngrid U, PantanelliSeth M

Inflammation prevention
Intraocular pressure elevation

This study compared the safety and efficacy of topical prednisolone and intracanalicular dexamethasone ophthalmic insert for preventing postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery. The study found that both treatments were associated with similar rates of breakthrough inflammation and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

3.

Dexamethasone-Eluting Contact Lens for the Prevention of Postphotorefractive Keratectomy Scar in a New Zealand White Rabbit Model.

Author: SoekenTimothy A, RossAmy E, KohaneDaniel S, KuangLiangju, LegaultGary L, CaldwellMatthew C, BrundridgeWesley L, MerkleyMichael B, CiolinoJoseph B, TownleyJ Richard

Haze prevention

Dexamethasone-eluting contact lenses (DCLs) were safe and effective in preventing corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in 29 rabbits.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Anterior Chamber Inflammation After Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Bromfenac 0.09% to Dexamethasone 0.1.

Author: CoassinMarco, De MariaMichele, MastrofilippoValentina, BragliaLuca, CiminoLuca, SartoriAntonio, FontanaLuigi

Improved visual acuity
Reduced inflammation

A randomized study of 76 patients undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery showed that short-term therapy with topical bromfenac alone was as effective as dexamethasone in reducing anterior chamber inflammation.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Randomized, Controlled, Phase 2 Trial of Povidone-Iodine/Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Suspension for Treatment of Adenoviral Conjunctivitis.

Author: PeposeJay S, AhujaArjun, LiuWenlei, NarvekarAbhijit, HaqueReza

Improved ocular surface
Reduced dry eye symptoms

Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) 0.6% and dexamethasone 0.1% ophthalmic suspension was safe and well-tolerated for patients with acute adenoviral conjunctivitis. This combination significantly improved clinical resolution and adenoviral eradication.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Preparation of dexamethasone ophthalmic implants: a comparative study of in vitro release profiles.

Author: PrataAna I, CoimbraPatrícia, PinaM Eugénia

This study investigated the in vitro release profiles of dexamethasone ophthalmic implants produced by two methods: melting casting and solvent casting. The results show that the type of polymer is the most significant factor affecting the release profiles.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Reactivation of Latent Toxoplasmosis Following Dexamethasone Implant Injection.

Author: OlsonDaniel J, ParhizAli Torab, WirthlinRobert S

Toxoplasma reactivation

This case report describes the reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii following the intravitreal implantation of dexamethasone. A 74-year-old man developed right eye pain, swelling, photophobia, and vision loss one month after receiving an Ozurdex implant for intraocular inflammation. A vitreous biopsy confirmed the presence of T. gondii, and the patient was treated with systemic therapy. Intraocular inflammation subsided, but vision remained poor. This is the first reported case of T. gondii reactivation after intravitreal dexamethasone implantation.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Iatrogenic Cushing's Syndrome Due to Intranasal Usage of Ophthalmic Dexamethasone: A Case Report.

Author: OrtonSarah, CensaniMarisa

Adrenal suppression
Growth deceleration
Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome

This case report highlights the risks of intranasal dexamethasone ophthalmic solution in infants, even with short-term use, leading to iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. Close monitoring of infants receiving intranasal steroids is crucial.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of Sustained-Release Dexamethasone in Beagle Dogs.

Author: DriscollArthur, BlizzardCharles

Sustained-release dexamethasone eye drops were tested in beagles and found to be safe and effective, with no signs of toxicity. The drug was released slowly over a period of 35 days.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Combined Lacrimal Passage Probing and Tobramycin/Dexamethasone Ophthalmic Ointment Infiltration: A Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedure for Incomplete Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.

Author: XuJianjiang, HongJiaxu, SunXinghuai, LiuZuguo, MashaghiAlireza, InomataTakenori, LuYi, LiYimin, WuDan, YangYujing, WeiAnji, ZhaoYujin, LuChun

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction treatment
Drug residues
Nasal bleeding

This study examined the effectiveness and safety of a combined probing and injection (PIO) technique for treating incomplete nasolacrimal duct obstruction (INDO). The PIO surgery was successful in all 397 adult patients studied, with no intraoperative complications. After an average follow-up of 7.9 months, 75.6% of patients had complete symptom resolution. The most common complications were mild nasal bleeding, drug residues, and slit punctum. Factors associated with successful outcome included unilateral eye onset, no discharge at baseline, and no postoperative drug residues.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety of tobramycin/dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension 0.3%/0.05% compared to azithromycin ophthalmic solution 1% in the treatment of moderate to severe acute blepharitis/blepharoconjunctivitis.

Author: TorkildsenGail L, CockrumPaul, MeierEdward, HammondsWilliam M, SilversteinBruce, SilversteinSteven

Faster blepharitis relief

This study found that tobramycin/dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension 0.3%/0.05% (TobraDex ST) provided faster inflammation relief than azithromycin ophthalmic solution (1%) in patients with moderate to severe blepharitis/blepharoconjunctivitis. The study found that TobraDex ST provided a faster and effective treatment of acute blepharitis compared to azithromycin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Reversible fibroadenomatous mammary hyperplasia in male and female New Zealand white rabbits associated with cyclosporine A administration.

Author: KrimerP M, HarveyS B, Blas-MachadoU, LauderdaleJ D, MooreP A

Mammary gland hypertrophy

Cyclosporine, a medication used in limbal cell graft studies, was found to cause benign fibroadenomatous mammary gland hyperplasia in both male and female rabbits. This hyperplasia resolved after discontinuing cyclosporine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Corneal intrastromal gatifloxacin crystal deposits after penetrating keratoplasty.

Author: AwwadShady T, HaddadWalid, WangMing X, ParmarDipak, CongerDarrel, CavanaghH Dwight

Corneal precipitates

A patient who underwent corneal transplantation developed white precipitates in their cornea after treatment with gatifloxacin eye drops. The precipitates disappeared after the gatifloxacin was discontinued.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Intratympanic steroid treatment of inner ear disease and tinnitus (preliminary report).

Author: SilversteinH, ChooD, RosenbergS I, KuhnJ, SeidmanM, SteinI

Hearing loss treatment
Tinnitus treatment

Intratympanic instillation of steroids improved cochlear function in patients with Meniere's disease, autoimmune inner ear disease and sudden sensorineural deafness. Tinnitus improved in 47% of patients, and the average improvement in speech reception threshold was 15 dB.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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