Side Effects of eliglustat: A Synthesis of Findings from 4 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Efavirenz is a commonly used antiretroviral drug for HIV-infected patients. Several studies have shown that efavirenz may be neurotoxic, potentially damaging nerve cells and leading to cognitive impairment. 2 Efavirenz is also known to cause neuropsychiatric side effects, particularly early in treatment. However, these side effects often subside over time in most patients. 3 One study found that neuropsychological performance improved in both groups receiving efavirenz and those not receiving efavirenz, suggesting that efavirenz may not negatively impact cognitive function. However, it is important to note that the efavirenz group did experience more neurological symptoms during the first week of treatment, including bad dreams. 1

Reasons for Side Effects

The mechanism of efavirenz neurotoxicity is not fully understood but may involve altered calcium homeostasis, decreased brain creatine kinase, mitochondrial damage, increased brain proinflammatory cytokines, and involvement of the cannabinoid system. 2

Common Side Effects

Sleep Disturbance

Reduced sleep quality is a common side effect associated with efavirenz. 3 Additionally, a sleep index revealed that participants receiving efavirenz had more "bad dreams" during the first week of therapy. 1

Depression

Depression is another reported side effect of efavirenz. 3

Dizziness

Dizziness is a commonly reported side effect associated with efavirenz. 3

Anxiety

Anxiety has been reported as a side effect of efavirenz use. 3

Side Effect Management

Sleep Disturbance

If you experience sleep disturbance, it is important to discuss it with your doctor to consider appropriate management strategies. 3

Depression

If you experience symptoms of depression, consult with your doctor for appropriate treatment options. 3

Dizziness

If you experience dizziness, consult with your doctor to identify the cause and discuss appropriate management strategies. 3

Anxiety

If you experience anxiety, seek guidance from your doctor for appropriate treatment options. 3

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities

Multiple studies have suggested that efavirenz can cause neuropsychiatric side effects. 2 、 3 、 1

Differences

Different studies have yielded varying results regarding efavirenz's potential neurotoxicity. 2 、 3 、 1

Real-World Application Notes

While efavirenz is a valuable treatment for HIV infection, it is important to be aware of its potential neuropsychiatric side effects. If you have any concerns about these side effects, consult your doctor. If you experience sleep disturbances, depression, anxiety, or dizziness while taking efavirenz, it is important to discuss these issues with your healthcare provider to consider appropriate management strategies. 2 、 3 、 1

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is required to fully understand the mechanisms of efavirenz neurotoxicity and its clinical impact. 2

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which efavirenz exerts its neurotoxic effects. Additionally, large randomized controlled trials are necessary to determine if the neuronal toxicity induced by efavirenz results in clinically significant neurological impairment. 2

Conclusion

Efavirenz is an effective treatment for HIV infection, but it is important to be aware of its potential neuropsychiatric side effects. While these side effects are often transient, it is essential to consult your doctor if you experience any concerns. The research on efavirenz neurotoxicity is still ongoing and more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and clinical impact. 2 、 3 、 1

Literature analysis of 4 papers
Positive Content
2
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
0
Article Type
1
0
2
3
4
1.

Impact of efavirenz on neuropsychological performance and symptoms in HIV-infected individuals.

Author: CliffordDavid B, EvansScott, YangYijun, AcostaEdward P, GoodkinKarl, TashimaKaren, SimpsonDavid, DorfmanDavid, RibaudoHeather, GulickRoy M

Improve neuropsychological performance
Neurological symptoms

Efavirenz is an antiretroviral drug that can cause neurologic side effects. A study found that these side effects were more common in the first week of treatment but resolved by week 4. Neuropsychological performance improved in both the efavirenz and the control groups.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

2.

Neuronal toxicity of efavirenz: a systematic review.

Author: DecloedtEric H, MaartensGary

Neurocognitive improvement
Cognitive impairment
Neuron damage
Neuropsychiatric side effects

Efavirenz may contribute to cognitive impairment by damaging nerve cells. Further research is needed to confirm this effect.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

3.

A review of trials investigating efavirenz-induced neuropsychiatric side effects and the implications.

Author: GaidaRazia, TruterIlse, GroblerChristoffel, KotzeTheunis, GodmanBrian

Neuropsychiatric side effects

This review analyzed the neuropsychiatric side effects associated with efavirenz in HIV patients. Common side effects included sleep problems, depression, dizziness, and anxiety, which were generally mild and did not require discontinuation of the drug.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

The Clinical Efficacy of Imiglucerase versus Eliglustat in Patients with Gaucher's Disease Type 1: A Systematic Review.

Author: NabizadehAzita, AmaniBahman, KadivarMaliheh, ToroskiMahdi, AslAkbar Abdollahi, BayazidiYahya, MojahedianMahdi, DavariMajid

GD treatment

Imiglucerase and Eliglustat are both effective treatments for Gaucher's disease type 1, a genetic disorder that affects the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. This review of three studies comparing the two drugs found no significant difference in their efficacy in increasing hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, and reducing liver and spleen size.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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