Major Research Findings

Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) that is commonly used to prevent blood clots in high-risk patients. 11 , 8 . However, it can cause a rare side effect called reactive thrombocytosis, where platelet count increases after enoxaparin administration. 8 . Another potential complication is hematoma of the rectus sheath, which can occur following subcutaneous enoxaparin injection. 11 . The study also found that the speed at which the injection is administered and the duration the needle remains in the tissue after injection can affect the size and occurrence of bruising. 10 . Injecting enoxaparin over a longer duration (30 seconds) and keeping the needle in the tissue for an additional 10 seconds after injection can help reduce the size of bruising. 10 . Additionally, a study comparing the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin with intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japanese surgical patients with gynecologic malignancy found that both methods were effective. 3 . Rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, is showing promise as a less burdensome alternative to enoxaparin for pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. 13 .

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Enoxaparin is effective in preventing blood clots, particularly after heart surgery and colorectal cancer surgery. 9 , 3 . It also shows promise as a less burdensome alternative to enoxaparin for pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. 13 .

Risk Summary

Enoxaparin can cause side effects such as bruising, reactive thrombocytosis, and allergic reactions. 11 , 8 . The risk of bruising can be influenced by the injection speed and the duration the needle remains in the tissue. 10 .

Comparison of Studies

Similarities of Studies

Many studies evaluate the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin. 11 , 8 , 9 , 3 , 13 , 10 , , 16 , 7 , , 4 , 2 , 12 , 17 , 15 , 14 , 1 .

Differences of Studies

The diseases, surgeries, methods of administering enoxaparin, and evaluation criteria vary between studies. 11 , 8 , 9 , 3 , 13 , 10 , , 16 , 7 , , 4 , 2 , 12 , 17 , 15 , 14 , 1 .

Consistency and Contradictions of Results

Enoxaparin has been shown to be effective in preventing blood clots. 9 , 3 . However, it can cause side effects such as bruising, reactive thrombocytosis, and allergic reactions. 11 , 8 , . Further research is needed on enoxaparin's administration methods and side effects. 8 .

Implications for Daily Life

When administering enoxaparin, it's crucial to be aware of the potential risks of hematoma and bruising. 11 , 10 . Injecting enoxaparin over a longer duration and keeping the needle in the tissue for a few seconds after injection can help reduce the size and occurrence of bruising. 10 . If you experience bleeding after enoxaparin administration, consult with your doctor. 4 .

Limitations of Current Research

Research on enoxaparin's side effects is still limited. 8 . Further research is needed on enoxaparin's administration methods and side effects. 8 .

Directions for Future Research

Large-scale clinical trials are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin more thoroughly. 8 . Further research on enoxaparin's administration methods, the mechanisms behind its side effects, and ways to reduce side effects is also crucial. 8 , 10 .

Conclusion

Enoxaparin is a commonly used low molecular weight heparin for preventing deep vein thrombosis. 11 , 8 . It can cause side effects such as bruising, reactive thrombocytosis, and allergic reactions. 11 , 8 , . Further research is needed on enoxaparin's administration methods and side effects. 8 . Before administering enoxaparin, it's essential to consult with your doctor and understand the risks and benefits of the medication. Use it with caution.