Side Effects of fluconazole: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Side Effects of fluconazole: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Fluconazole is a commonly used antifungal medication for treating fungal infections such as skin fungal infections and vaginal candidiasis. Research has shown that fluconazole is generally safe and well-tolerated, but it can cause some side effects. 4 , 10 , 18 , 1 , 23 .

Reasons for Side Effects

Side effects of fluconazole are caused by how the drug works in the body. Fluconazole works by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal cell membranes, which stops fungi from growing. However, fluconazole can also affect human cell membranes, and this can cause side effects. 22 .

Common Side Effects

Digestive System

Fluconazole can affect the digestive system, and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur. 12 .

Liver Function Impairment

Fluconazole can affect the liver, and liver function test values may be elevated. 3 , 7 , 18 .

Skin

Fluconazole can affect the skin, and symptoms such as rash, itching, and erythema may occur. 10 , 17 , 13 .

Blood

Fluconazole can affect the blood, and symptoms such as leukopenia and thrombocytopenia may occur. 25 .

Kidney

Fluconazole can affect the kidney, and kidney function test values may be elevated. 18 .

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Digestive System

To reduce digestive side effects, it is recommended that fluconazole be taken with meals. 12 .

Liver Function Impairment

Patients at risk of liver function impairment may need to reduce their fluconazole dose or discontinue the medication. 3 , 7 , 18 .

Skin

If you experience skin side effects, you should consult your doctor. 10 , 17 , 13 .

Blood

If you experience blood side effects, you should consult your doctor. 25 .

Kidney

If you experience kidney side effects, you should consult your doctor. 18 .

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have shown that fluconazole is generally safe and well-tolerated. 4 , 10 , 18 , 1 , 23 .

Differences

The incidence and severity of side effects of fluconazole may vary depending on the study. This is because factors such as the age, sex, health status, dosage, and duration of treatment of the study subjects may differ.

Note on Application to Real Life

It is important to take fluconazole according to your doctor's instructions. Do not stop or change your dosage without consulting your doctor. Before taking fluconazole, consult your doctor about your health and other medications you are taking.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of fluconazole is still not complete. Further research is needed, especially on the side effects of long-term use.

Future Research Directions

Research on the side effects of long-term use of fluconazole and methods to reduce the risk of side effects is needed. Research on the interaction between fluconazole and other medications is also needed. 13 .

Conclusion

Fluconazole is an effective medication for treating fungal infections, but it is not without the potential for side effects. When taking fluconazole, follow your doctor's instructions and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any side effects.

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
20
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
5
Article Type
2
0
1
5
26
2.

Aspects of vincristine-induced neuropathy in hematologic malignancies: a systematic review.

Author: MadsenMarie Lindhard, DueHanne, EjskjærNiels, JensenPaw, MadsenJakob, DybkærKaren

Neuropathy

Vincristine, a chemotherapy drug, can cause nerve damage.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

A Case of Generalized, Superinfected Dermatitis and Inguinal Mycobacterium Lymphadenitis - TB or not TB?

Author: RotaruMaria, MarchianSanda, FeketeGyula Laszlo, Mariana IancuGabriela Mariana

Eczema
Immunosuppression
Redman syndrome
Superimposed infections
TLA

A case of a 40-year-old woman with recurrent eczema and multiple antibiotic-resistant infections is presented, ultimately diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis (TLA). The patient's immunosuppressive state from her eczema and infections led to the development of TLA, which presented as severe dermatitis. The case highlights the importance of considering underlying immunosuppression in complex cases.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Antifungal effect of the bark and root extracts of <i>Punica granatum</i> on oral <i>Candida</i> isolates.

Author: LavaeeFatemeh, MotaghiDarya, JassbiAmir Reza, JafarianHadis, GhasemiFatemeh, BadieeParisa

Oral candidiasis treatment

This study compared the antifungal activities of pomegranate bark and root extracts against Candida strains isolated from liver transplant recipients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Conventional and natural compounds for the treatment of dermatophytosis.

Author: LopesAna I, TavariaFreni K, PintadoManuela E

Dermatophytosis treatment
Resistance
Side effects

This review discusses dermatophytes, dermatophytosis, and existing treatments, including conventional antifungals and natural alternatives like chitosan and essential oils.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

Tolerability of long-term fluconazole therapy.

Author: DavisMatthew R, NguyenMinh-Vu H, DonnelleyMonica A, Thompson IiiGeorge R

Coccidioidomycosis treatment
Long-term side effects

Fluconazole is an antifungal drug that is commonly used to treat coccidioidomycosis. It is generally well tolerated, but long-term use can have side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

Effect of intravaginal gentian violet for acute vaginal candidiasis treated with a single dose oral fluconazole: a randomised controlled trial.

Author: ChayachindaChenchit, ThamkhanthoManopchai, NgamsakulrungrojPopchai, LeeyaphanCharussri, TulyaprawatOrwan

Faster symptom resolution
Higher cure rate
Lower recurrence rate

This study investigated the effectiveness of adding intra-vaginal gentian violet (GV) to oral fluconazole for acute vaginal candidiasis. The addition of GV led to a shorter time to cure, but not a higher cure rate, and showed high satisfaction among participants.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

10.

Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption to Fluconazole with Positive Patch Testing and Confirmed Tolerance to Itraconazole.

Author: MakrisMichael, FokolorosChristos, SyrmaliAnna, TsakirakiZoi, DamaskouVasileia, PapadavidEvangelia

Patch testing
Drug eruption

This case report presents a patient with generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE) induced by fluconazole. The study emphasizes the importance of patch testing and oral provocation for accurate diagnosis and treatment of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs).

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

CD101 Topical Compared With Oral Fluconazole for Acute Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: NyirjesyPaul, AlessioCynthia, JandourekAlena, LeeJon D, SandisonTaylor, SobelJack D

Azole resistance
Recurrent infection

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a vaginal infection primarily caused by Candida albicans. While azole agents are effective, recurrent infections and azole resistance highlight the need for alternative treatments.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

13.

A life-threatening drug-drug interaction between capecitabine and brivudine in a patient with metastatic breast cancer.

Author: TsifiAngeliki, PapaxoinisGeorge, DiamantopoulosPanagiotis, MantzouraniMarina, AntoniadouVasiliki, HaliotiAsimina, GogasHelen

Drug interaction risk

This report presents a case of a life-threatening drug-drug interaction involving capecitabine and brivudine. The patient experienced severe side effects, highlighting the importance of physician awareness and caution when prescribing new medications.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

16.

Inhibitory effects of cold atmospheric plasma on the growth, virulence factors and HSP90 gene expression in Candida albicans.

Author: Ebrahimi-ShaghaghiFatemeh, NoormohammadiZahra, AtyabiSeyed-Mohammad, Razzaghi-AbyanehMehdi

Vulvovaginal candidiasis treatment

Cold atmospheric plasmas (CAP) demonstrated significant inhibition of Candida albicans growth, biofilm formation, and ergosterol content, while also increasing fluconazole and amphotericin B antibiotic sensitivity. This suggests CAP could be a promising therapeutic option for treating vulvovaginal candidiasis, a common vaginal infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

A novel use for an old drug: resistance reversal in <i>Candida albicans</i> by combining dihydroartemisinin with fluconazole.

Author: LiHui, ChenHaisheng, ShiWenna, ShiJing, YuanJupeng, DuanCunxian, FanQing, LiuYuguo

C. albicans treatment

Dihydroartemisinin combined with fluconazole showed potent synergy against fluconazole-resistant *C. albicans*, both in planktonic cells and biofilms. This combination exerted fungistatic activity for up to 18 hours, potentially due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Short-course amphotericin B in addition to sertraline and fluconazole for treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in rural Tanzania.

Author: KatendeAndrew, MbwanjiGladys, FainiDiana, NyuriAmina, KalinjumaAneth Vedastus, MnzavaDorcas, HullsiekKatherine H, RheinJoshua, WeisserMaja, MeyaDavid B, BoulwareDavid R, LetangEmilio,

Sertraline has fungicidal activity
Short-course amphotericin B efficient

Cryptococcal meningitis accounts for 15% of all AIDS mortality globally. Sertraline has in vitro fungicidal activity against Cryptococcus and bi-directional synergy with fluconazole.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

Immune-mediated membranous nephropathy: Long term fluconazole usage caused podocyte autophagy.

Author: HuangLan, ZhaoYa-Juan, DongQiao-Rong, HuGui-Cai

nephropathy risk
thromboembolism risk

This case report describes the development of membranous nephropathy (MN) caused by fluconazole therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

23.

Artemisinins inhibit oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans through the repression on its hyphal development.

Author: LiangXiaoyue, ChenDing, WangJiannan, LiaoBinyou, ShenJiawei, YeXingchen, WangZheng, ZhuChengguang, GouLichen, ZhouXinxuan, ChengLei, RenBiao, ZhouXuedong

Antifungal activity
Oral candidiasis treatment

This study investigated the anti-virulence potential of artemisinins against Candida albicans, the most abundant fungal species in the oral cavity. The study found that artemisinins, particularly arteether, effectively inhibit hyphal development, a key virulence factor of C. albicans, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting their potential as antifungal agents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

26.

Advances in anti-invasive fungal drug delivery systems.

Author: MaZhongyi, WangXinyu, LiChong

Improved efficacy
Reduced side effects
Targeted delivery

This article reviews the development of antifungal drug delivery systems. Synthetic carriers, such as liposomes and nanoparticles, can improve drug properties, prolong circulation time, and reduce toxicity. Biomimetic carriers, like macrophage or red blood cell membrane-coated systems, offer enhanced biocompatibility and targeting abilities.

ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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