Side Effects of foscarnet injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 9 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Foscarnet is an effective drug for treating clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis, especially when combined with ganciclovir. A study in 8 showed that this combined treatment completely controlled retinitis in AIDS patients within an average of 3.4 weeks with no reported ocular or systemic side effects. However, other research highlights potential side effects. A study in 7 found that 66% of patients experienced adverse effects from treatment with ganciclovir or foscarnet, including retinal detachment in 17% of patients. Furthermore, research in 6 investigated the retinal toxicity of foscarnet injections.

Reasons for Side Effects

Side effects associated with foscarnet can be attributed to various factors, including the drug's properties, the method of administration, and individual patient characteristics. For instance, the study in 7 noted that 66% of patients experienced adverse effects after treatment with ganciclovir or foscarnet, suggesting the drug's potential to cause complications.

Common Side Effects

Renal Dysfunction

Foscarnet can impact kidney function, leading to potential renal dysfunction. This was observed in 7 , where 66% of patients experienced adverse effects, including potential renal issues.

Retinal Toxicity

Intravitreal injection of foscarnet can potentially damage the retina. This was investigated in 6 where the researchers focused on the potential retinal toxicity associated with the drug.

Gastrointestinal Issues

Foscarnet can cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, although this is not specifically mentioned in the provided research papers.

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Renal Dysfunction

Regular monitoring of kidney function is essential during foscarnet treatment. If kidney function deteriorates, dosage reduction or discontinuation of the drug may be necessary.

Retinal Toxicity

Intravitreal injections of foscarnet should be carefully administered under the supervision of an ophthalmologist. Post-injection follow-up is crucial. Consult an ophthalmologist immediately if any symptoms of retinal toxicity arise.

Gastrointestinal Issues

If gastrointestinal side effects occur, consult a doctor. Medication changes or dosage adjustments may be considered.

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities in Studies

All studies consistently demonstrate the effectiveness of foscarnet in treating clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Differences in Studies

Significant differences exist across studies in terms of administration methods, co-administered medications, and the occurrence of side effects.

Precautions for Application in Real Life

Foscarnet is a drug that can cause serious side effects. Therefore, it should only be used under the guidance of a physician. Regular kidney function monitoring during treatment is crucial for early detection of potential complications.

Limitations of Current Research

Long-term safety data on foscarnet remains limited. Effective methods for mitigating the side effects of foscarnet have not yet been fully established.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term safety of foscarnet and to develop innovative treatments that minimize its side effects.

Conclusion

While foscarnet is a valuable treatment option for clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis, it can cause significant side effects. It is crucial to use foscarnet cautiously under the guidance of a physician, with close monitoring for potential complications.

Literature analysis of 9 papers
Positive Content
9
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
5
0
0
1
9
1.

Treatment of perennial rhinitis with flunisolide corticosteroid spray.

Author: JonesL M, SpectorS L, EnglishG M, Taylor-DawsonK

Reduced eosinophils
Candida infection

Flunisolide nasal spray was not significantly different from placebo in treating perennial rhinitis. Both groups showed a decrease in eosinophils on nasal smears.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Flunisolide--a new intranasal steroid for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Author: SahayJ N, ChatterjeeS S, EnglerC

Improved everyday life
Improved sleep quality
Relieved nasal obstruction
Relieved sneezing
Minor side effects

A study of 50 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis found that flunisolide nasal spray (200 micrograms daily) was significantly more effective than a placebo in reducing symptoms of sneezing, nasal congestion, post-nasal drip, and improving sleep and daily life. Both patients and doctors preferred the flunisolide spray. Minor side effects were reported during both placebo and flunisolide phases, and no evidence of adrenal suppression was observed.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

Flunisolide nasal spray for perennial rhinitis in children.

Author: SarsfieldJ K, ThomsonG E

Effective rhinitis treatment
No adrenal axis effect
Safe for children
Nasal stinging

A study of 27 children with perennial rhinitis found that flunisolide nasal spray was significantly more effective than a placebo in relieving symptoms. Patients, doctors, and diary card assessments all favored flunisolide. The most common side effect was temporary nasal stinging. Flunisolide treatment was safe and did not affect the pituitary-adrenal axis. The study concluded that flunisolide is a safe and effective treatment for perennial rhinitis in children.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

A comparative trial testing budesonide and flunisolide nasal sprays in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Author: PipkornU, GeterudA

Effective for rhinitis
Nasal irritation

Both budesonide and flunisolide nasal sprays were effective in controlling nasal symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. However, flunisolide was associated with a higher incidence of nasal irritation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Short-term efficacy trial and twenty-four-month follow-up of flunisolide nasal spray in the treatment of perennial rhinitis.

Author: ClaytonD E, KooistraJ B, GellerM, OuelletteJ, CohenM, ReedC E, BusseW

No adrenal suppression
Safe and effective

Flunisolide nasal spray was found to be safe and effective in treating perennial rhinitis. No serious side effects were observed over a two-year follow-up period.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

Toxicologic and pharmacokinetic analysis of intravitreal injections of foscarnet, either alone or in combination with ganciclovir.

Author: BertheP, BaudouinC, GarraffoR, HofmannP, TaburetA M, LapalusP

Ocular pharmacokinetics
Retinal toxicity evaluation
Retinal toxicity

The study evaluated the retinal toxicity of foscarnet, an antiviral drug, after single and repeated intravitreal injections. The effects of combining foscarnet with ganciclovir were also examined, and ocular pharmacokinetics of foscarnet were studied.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Treatment of clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients: combination of intravenous ganciclovir and intravitreal foscarnet.

Author: Pivetti-PezziP, AccorintiM, CiapparoniV, VulloV

Control of retinitis
No ocular side effects
No systemic side effects

Combined high-dose intravitreal foscarnet and intravenous ganciclovir was effective in controlling clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients without significant ocular or systemic side effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Therapeutic developments in cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Author: HoffmanV F, SkiestD J

Improved vision
Reduced CMV retinitis
Renal and ocular toxicity
Side effects of ganciclovir
Toxicity of cidofovir
Viral resistance

CMV retinitis is an eye infection that can cause vision loss and blindness in people with HIV. Ganciclovir is the traditional treatment, but newer medications like foscarnet, cidofovir, and intraocular ganciclovir implants are also available.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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