Side Effects of galantamine: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major research findings

Galantamine is a drug widely used to treat Alzheimer's disease. However, it is known that galantamine has some side effects. The paper reports that an Alzheimer's patient who was taking the prescribed dose of galantamine developed acute cholinergic syndrome. In addition, 9 found that galantamine has a higher mortality rate compared to other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Furthermore, the paper 2 reports that galantamine has a significantly higher incidence of side effects such as tachycardia and loss of consciousness compared to other Alzheimer's drugs. These research findings show that while galantamine is an effective Alzheimer's drug, it also carries the risk of serious side effects.

Reasons for side effects

Galantamine inhibits an enzyme called cholinesterase, which prevents the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning, and increasing its concentration is expected to improve memory and cognitive function. However, if the concentration of acetylcholine increases excessively, it can lead to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and sweating. In addition, galantamine can also affect heart function, potentially causing a decrease in heart rate and arrhythmias. Furthermore, galantamine can affect the digestive system, potentially leading to indigestion and diarrhea.

Common side effects

Nausea

The papers 9 and 14 report that galantamine can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea. Galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can stimulate digestive system motility, potentially leading to nausea and vomiting.

Vomiting

Similar to nausea, galantamine has been reported to cause gastrointestinal side effects such as vomiting. 9 and 14 report that galantamine can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea. Galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can stimulate digestive system motility, potentially leading to nausea and vomiting.

Sweating

Galantamine has also been reported to cause side effects such as sweating. 9 found that galantamine has a higher mortality rate compared to other acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This may be due to the fact that galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can promote sweating, potentially leading to dehydration.

Decreased heart rate

The paper 24 reports that galantamine can cause side effects such as decreased heart rate. Galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can inhibit heart function, potentially leading to decreased heart rate and arrhythmias.

Indigestion

The paper 5 reports that galantamine can cause digestive side effects such as indigestion. Galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can stimulate digestive system motility, potentially leading to indigestion and diarrhea.

Diarrhea

The paper 5 reports that galantamine can cause digestive side effects such as diarrhea. Galantamine increases the concentration of acetylcholine, which can stimulate digestive system motility, potentially leading to indigestion and diarrhea.

Side effect countermeasures

Nausea

To reduce side effects such as nausea caused by galantamine, measures such as adjusting meal times and taking galantamine with meals are considered. It may also be effective to consult a doctor and get a prescription for an anti-nausea medication.

Vomiting

To reduce side effects such as vomiting caused by galantamine, measures such as adjusting meal times and taking galantamine with meals are considered. It may also be effective to consult a doctor and get a prescription for an anti-nausea medication.

Sweating

To reduce side effects such as sweating caused by galantamine, measures such as drinking fluids frequently and staying in a cool place are considered. It may also be effective to consult a doctor and get a prescription for an antiperspirant medication.

Decreased heart rate

To reduce side effects such as decreased heart rate caused by galantamine, it is effective to consult a doctor and get a prescription for medication to increase heart rate.

Indigestion

To reduce side effects such as indigestion caused by galantamine, measures such as eating easily digestible foods and taking digestive enzyme supplements are considered.

Diarrhea

To reduce side effects such as diarrhea caused by galantamine, measures such as drinking enough fluids and taking antidiarrheal medications are considered.

Comparison between studies

Common points

Many studies have shown that galantamine is effective in improving the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. However, it has also been reported that galantamine can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and sweating.

Differences

The frequency and severity of side effects of galantamine may vary from study to study. This is thought to be due to differences in the age and health of the study participants and the dosage of galantamine administered.

Precautions regarding real-life application

Galantamine is an effective drug for improving the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but it also carries the risk of side effects. If you are taking galantamine, you should consult a doctor to determine the appropriate dosage for your health condition. If you experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or sweating while taking galantamine, you should consult a doctor immediately.

Limitations of current research

Research on galantamine is still insufficient. In particular, research on the long-term safety and efficacy of galantamine is lacking. Further long-term studies are needed.

Future research directions

The development of new therapies and preventive measures to reduce the side effects of galantamine is needed. Research is also needed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of galantamine.

Conclusion

Galantamine is an effective drug for improving the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but it can also cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and sweating. If you are taking galantamine, you should consult a doctor to determine the appropriate dosage for your health condition. If you experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or sweating while taking galantamine, you should consult a doctor immediately. Future research is expected to develop new therapies and preventive measures to reduce the side effects of galantamine.

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
20
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
2
Article Type
2
1
1
9
23
1.

New cyclopentaquinoline and 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid hybrids with neuroprotection against oxidative stress for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Author: CzarneckaKamila, GirekMałgorzata, KręciszPaweł, SkibińskiRobert, ŁątkaKamil, JończykJakub, BajdaMarek, SzymczykPiotr, GalitaGrzegorz, KabzińskiJacek, MajsterekIreneusz, EspargaróAlba, SabateRaimon, SzymańskiPaweł

AD treatment

This study evaluated eight cyclopentaquinoline derivatives as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) drugs. Compound 3e showed moderate cholinesterase inhibition, significant inhibition of Aβ aggregation, and acceptable neuroprotective activity, highlighting its promise as a new anti-AD drug candidate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Drug Delivery Systems as a Strategy to Improve the Efficacy of FDA-Approved Alzheimer's Drugs.

Author: NunesDébora, LoureiroJoana A, PereiraMaria Carmo

AD treatment

This review examines the recently developed drug delivery systems (DDSs) to enhance the efficacy of Food and Drug Administration-approved Alzheimer's disease (AD) drugs. DDSs offer targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and improved bioavailability, potentially increasing therapeutic effectiveness while reducing side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to enhance recovery from traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive review and case series.

Author: FlorentinoSamuel A, BawanyMohammad H, MaHeather M

Neuro-recovery after TBI

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects the cholinergic system. This review summarizes evidence supporting or refuting the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) following TBI.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

France Will No More Reimburse Available Symptomatic Drugs Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Author: Krolak-SalmonPierre, DuboisBruno, SellalFrançois, Delabrousse-MayouxJean-Philippe, VandelPierre, AmievaHélène, JeandelClaude, AndrieuSandrine, Perret-LiaudetArmand

Alzheimer's disease treatment
Significant side effects

This study argues against the French Ministry of Health's decision to remove drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease from the list of available reimbursed drugs. The authors contend that the evidence-based medicine related to these drugs reaches a high level in the literature and the ratio of benefits/risks favors these drugs.

EditorialAn article in which the editor or publisher expresses their opinion or perspective on a particular topic or issue. Its purpose is to convey a specific message or idea to the reader.

Language : English

10.

The use of medications approved for Alzheimer's disease in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.

Author: RossignolDaniel A, FryeRichard E

ASD symptom improvement
Side effects

This review examines studies on the use of Alzheimer's disease medications for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While there is evidence suggesting potential benefits for some medications, further research is needed to determine their efficacy and safety in treating ASD.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Galantamine for vascular cognitive impairment.

Author: BirksJacqueline, CraigDavid

Improved vascular dementia treatment

Vascular dementia is the second most common type of dementia. This review will discuss the classification of vascular dementia and the use of cholinesterase inhibitors such as galantamine in treating vascular cognitive impairment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

12.

Adverse Drug Reactions Reported With Cholinesterase Inhibitors: An Analysis of 16 Years of Individual Case Safety Reports From VigiBase.

Author: KrögerEdeltraut, MoulsMarie, WilcheskyMachelle, BerkersMieke, CarmichaelPierre-Hugues, van MarumRob, SouvereinPatrick, EgbertsToine, LarocheMarie-Laure

Alzheimer's treatment
Cardiovascular events
Neuropsychiatric events

This international pharmacovigilance study shows that cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) used for Alzheimer's disease are associated with neuropsychiatric events as the most frequent adverse drug reactions. Serious cardiovascular events were also frequently reported, highlighting their potential significance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Differential effects of current specific treatments on behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a 12-month, randomized, open-label trial.

Author: CumboEduardo, LigoriLeonarda Domenica

Improved BPSD
Well tolerated

Memantine and rivastigmine, drugs used for Alzheimer's disease, were found to be effective in improving behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The improvements were seen in areas such as agitation/aggression, anxiety/phobias, and overall well-being. The drugs were well tolerated with most side effects being transient and mild-to-moderate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Pretreatment and prophylaxis against nerve agent poisoning: Are undesirable behavioral side effects unavoidable?

Author: MyhrerTrond, AasPål

Nerve agent protection
Behavioral impairment

Pyridostigmine is a medication used for pretreatment against chemical warfare agents. This study discusses the potential side effects of pyridostigmine on behavior in animals.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

An overview on natural cholinesterase inhibitors--a multi-targeted drug class--and their mass production.

Author: OrhanI Erdogan, OrhanG, GurkasE

Anti-AD drug
Low bioavailability
Side effects

Galanthamine and huperzine A, both natural anticholinesterase drugs, are promising candidates for treating Alzheimer's disease. They exhibit potent cholinesterase inhibitory potentials and are being produced via organic synthesis and in vitro culture techniques.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

[Is it personalized treatment of dementia based on the CYP2D6 gene polymorphism possible?]

Author: ChebotarevaA D, LevinO S, MarkovD D, SychevD A, GrishinaE A

Dementia treatment
Side effects

CYP2D6 enzyme activity can affect the efficacy and side effects of donepezil and galantamine, two drugs used for dementia treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Russian

22.

Effect on cognition of galanthamine administered for neuromuscular block reversal in octogenarians undergoing cataract surgery.

Author: CozanitisDimitri, KeinonenMirja, MaunukselaEeva-Lisa

Side effects

Galanthamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, did not improve cognition in octogenarian patients after cataract surgery, and was associated with more side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Cardiovascular effects of drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Author: HowesLaurence Guy

Alzheimer's treatment
Bradycardia
QT prolongation
Syncope
Torsades de pointes

Drugs for Alzheimer's disease, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ACHIs) and memantine, are generally safe but may have rare cardiovascular side effects. Further research is needed to investigate the potential benefits of ACHIs for cardiovascular health.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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