Side Effects of lamivudine and tenofovir: A Synthesis of Findings from 4 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy is widely used for the treatment of HIV infection. 3 This study compared the safety and efficacy of DOR/3TC/TDF group containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy with EVG/c/FTC/TAF group containing elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide. As a result, it was shown that the DOR/3TC/TDF group had a similar safety profile to the EVG/c/FTC/TAF group. Also, the DOR/3TC/TDF group showed lower treatment costs compared to the EVG/c/FTC/TAF group. 1 This study suggested that HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy may suppress complications of HIV infection and HBV infection. 4 This study suggested that HAART therapy may increase the risk of dyslipidemia.

Reasons for Side Effects

Side effects of HAART therapy including lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy vary depending on the mechanism of action of the drug and the individual's constitution. HAART therapy including lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy inhibits HIV replication, thereby promoting immune recovery. However, in some people, the side effects of the drug may delay immune recovery.

Common Side Effects

Gastrointestinal

Gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, have been reported with HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy. 3 In this study, side effects were observed in 38% of patients in the DOR/3TC/TDF group and 29.7% in the EVG/c/FTC/TAF group. However, these side effects are usually mild and often improve over time.

Metabolic abnormalities

Metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia have been reported with HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy. 4 This study suggested that HAART therapy may increase the risk of dyslipidemia.

Liver

Liver side effects such as liver dysfunction have been reported with HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy. 1 This study suggested that HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy may suppress complications of HIV infection and HBV infection.

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Gastrointestinal

If you are concerned about gastrointestinal side effects, consult your doctor. Appropriate measures, such as dietary therapy and drug therapy, can reduce side effects.

Metabolic abnormalities

If you are concerned about metabolic abnormalities, consult your doctor. Appropriate measures, such as dietary therapy and exercise therapy, can reduce side effects.

Liver

If you are concerned about liver side effects, consult your doctor. Appropriate measures such as regular checkups can reduce side effects.

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities in Studies

All studies evaluated the effectiveness and safety of HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy. Also, all studies showed that HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy is effective in treating HIV infection.

Differences in Studies

3 This study compared the safety and efficacy of the DOR/3TC/TDF group and the EVG/c/FTC/TAF group. On the other hand, 1 This study evaluated the potential of HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy to suppress complications of HIV infection and HBV infection. In addition, 4 This study evaluated the potential of HAART therapy to increase the risk of dyslipidemia.

Precautions for Application to Real Life

HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy is an effective drug for the treatment of HIV infection, but it also carries the risk of side effects. Therefore, it is important to use it appropriately according to the doctor's instructions. Also, undergo regular checkups to detect side effects early.

Limitations of Current Research

The long-term effects of HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy are not yet fully understood. Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects.

Future Research Directions

Large-scale clinical trials are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy. Also, the development of new treatments to reduce side effects is needed.

Conclusion

HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy is an effective drug for the treatment of HIV infection, but it also carries the risk of side effects. Therefore, it is important to use it appropriately according to the doctor's instructions. Also, undergo regular checkups to detect side effects early. Further research is expected to further clarify the safety and efficacy of HAART therapy containing lamivudine and tenofovir combination therapy.

Literature analysis of 4 papers
Positive Content
4
Neutral Content
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Negative Content
0
Article Type
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1
4
1.

Investigational drugs with dual activity against HBV and HIV (Review).

Author: SunShiyu, YangQing, ShengYunjian, FuYi, SunChangfeng, DengCunliang

HIV/HBV coinfection treatment
Drug resistance
Side effects

This review outlines the mechanisms, safety and efficacy of certain drugs that have been investigated for dual activity against HBV and HIV.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

2.

[Effectiveness and safety of generic version of lamivudine/tenofovir and efavirenz in treatment naïve HIV-infected patients: a nonrandomized, open-label, phase IV study in Cali-Colombia, 2012-2014].

Author: AmarilesPedro, GalindoJaime, Mueses-MarínHéctor F, CastañedaCarol

HIV/AIDS treatment
Antiretroviral side effects

The generic scheme 3TC/TDF/EFV is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS naïve. 80% of patients achieved undetectable viral load (< 40 copies/mL).

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Spanish

3.

Prophylaxis by doravirine-lamivudine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or elvitegravir-cobicistat-emtricitabine-tenofovir alafenamide after sexual exposure to HIV.

Author: DevredInès, KayembeKick, ValinNadia, RougierHayette, ShingaBruce Wuembulua, Lambert-NiclotSidonie, ChiarabiniThibault, MeyohasMarie-Caroline, LacombeKarine

HIV PEP

This study compares the completion rates of doravirine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine (DOR/3TC/TDF) and elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (EVG/c/FTC/TAF) for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). The study found that DOR/3TC/TDF had a similar safety profile to EVG/c/FTC/TAF, with a comparable completion rate and no cases of seroconversion. DOR/3TC/TDF may be a cost-effective treatment option for PEP in the context of HIV-exposure accidents.

Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy and dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon.

Author: NsaghaDickson Shey, WeledjiElroy Patrick, AssobNguedia Jules Clement, NjundaLongdoh Anna, TanueElvis Asangbeng, KibuOdette Dzemo, AyimaCharlotte Wenze, NgoweMarcelin Ngowe

Reduced HIV/AIDS morbidity
Reduced HIV/AIDS mortality
Cardiovascular disease
Dyslipidemia

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its factors in people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon who use HAART regimens.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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