Side Effects of midazolam nasal spray: A Synthesis of Findings from 5 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Midazolam nasal spray has been shown to be effective in treating seizures and reducing anxiety in several studies. 4 found that midazolam nasal spray was equally effective as diazepam rectal solution in treating prolonged seizures. 5 showed that midazolam nasal spray was effective in reducing anxiety, discomfort, and pain in children undergoing procedures.

Reasons for Side Effects

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine drug that acts on the central nervous system to relieve anxiety and tension and induce sleep. However, its effect on the central nervous system can cause various side effects.

Common Side Effects

Drowsiness

Drowsiness is the most common side effect of midazolam nasal spray. 4 reported that drowsiness occurred in more than half of the patients who received the drug.

Local Irritation

Local irritation may occur when midazolam nasal spray is administered to the nose. 4 reported that local irritation occurred in about 30% of patients who received the drug.

Other Side Effects

Midazolam nasal spray may rarely cause side effects such as respiratory depression, low blood pressure, dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and dry mouth. 4 did not report any serious side effects.

Side Effects Management

Drowsiness

To reduce drowsiness, avoid driving or operating machinery after administering midazolam nasal spray.

Local Irritation

To reduce local irritation, gently wipe the nose after administering midazolam nasal spray.

Other Side Effects

If other side effects occur, consult a doctor.

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities

These studies have shown that midazolam nasal spray is effective for treating seizures and anxiety.

Differences

These studies differ in terms of the target disease, age group, and administration method. Therefore, the effects and side effects of midazolam nasal spray may vary depending on the study.

Precautions for Applying to Real Life

Use midazolam nasal spray as directed by your doctor. In particular, make sure you are not drowsy before driving or operating machinery.

Limitations of Current Research

There are not enough studies on midazolam nasal spray yet. In particular, further research is needed on the effects of long-term use.

Future Research Directions

Research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects and safety of midazolam nasal spray. It is also necessary to study the effects and side effects in various diseases and age groups.

Conclusion

Midazolam nasal spray is an effective medication for treating seizures and anxiety. However, it can cause side effects such as drowsiness and local irritation. When using midazolam nasal spray, follow your doctor's instructions and be aware of side effects.

Literature analysis of 5 papers
Positive Content
3
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
0
Article Type
2
1
1
2
5
1.

Oral methadone for chronic noncancer pain: a systematic literature review of reasons for administration, prescription patterns, effectiveness, and side effects.

Author: SandovalJuan Alberto, FurlanAndrea D, Mailis-GagnonAngela

Minor side effects
Pain reduction
Overrated effectiveness
Uncontrolled literature

Oral methadone is used for various noncancer pain syndromes, but its effectiveness is based on primarily uncontrolled literature. Well-designed controlled trials may provide more accurate information on the drug's efficiency.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

2.

The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among male patients on methadone and buprenorphine treatments: a meta-analysis study.

Author: YeeAnne, LohHuai Seng, Hisham HashimHelenna Maria bt, NgChong Guan

Buprenorphine better for sexual dysfunction
High prevalence of sexual dysfunction

This meta-analysis found that the prevalence of sexual dysfunction was higher among male patients on methadone treatment compared with buprenorphine treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

3.

Psychosocial outcomes of repeated treatment of seizure clusters with midazolam nasal spray: Results of a phase 3, open-label extension trial.

Author: MengTze-Chiang, SzaflarskiJerzy P, ChenLinda, BrunnertMarcus, CamposRita, Van EssPeter, PullmanWilliam E, FakhouryToufic

Anxiety reduction
Confidence in traveling
Quality of life improvement
Treatment satisfaction

Midazolam nasal spray (MDZ-NS) was perceived favorably by patients and caregivers, with improvements in treatment satisfaction, reduced anxiety, and increased confidence about traveling.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

A comparison of midazolam nasal spray and diazepam rectal solution for the residential treatment of seizure exacerbations.

Author: de HaanGerrit-Jan, van der GeestPeter, DoelmanGerard, BertramEdward, EdelbroekPeter

Seizure suppression
Drowsiness
Local irritation

This study compared the efficacy of a novel midazolam HCl concentrated nasal spray (MDZ-n) to diazepam rectal solution (DZP-r) in treating prolonged seizures in patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Both treatments were equally effective in controlling seizures, but the nasal spray was preferred by patients and caregivers.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Midazolam nasal spray reduces procedural anxiety in children.

Author: LjungmanG, KreugerA, AndréassonS, GordhT, SörensenS

Reduced anxiety
Reduced discomfort
Reduced pain

Intranasal administration of midazolam given before insertion of a needle in a subcutaneously implanted central venous port could reduce anxiety, discomfort, pain, and procedure problems.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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