Effects of rifapentine: A Synthesis of Findings from 17 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Rifapentine is an effective drug for preventing tuberculosis. Multiple studies have shown that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, even in people with HIV. 10 , 1 , 14 , 3 , 2 , 12 , 11 , 4 , 16 These studies show that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, even in people with HIV. Some studies have shown that rifapentine is safer than other tuberculosis drugs. 14 , 3 , 2 , 12 These studies also show that rifapentine is safe for use in people with HIV or Buruli ulcer. 2 , 5

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Rifapentine is an effective drug for preventing tuberculosis. Several studies have shown that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, even in people with HIV. 10 , 1 , 14 , 3 , 5 , 2 , 12 , 11 , 6 , 4 , 16 . Additionally, rifapentine has been shown to be safer than other tuberculosis drugs. 14 , 3 , 2 , 12 These studies show that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, even in people with HIV. It is also safe to use in people with HIV or Buruli ulcer. 2 , 5 .

Risk Summary

Rifapentine can interact with other drugs. , 7 . These studies found that rifapentine can induce drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP3A4. Therefore, it is important to be aware of drug interactions when taking rifapentine. Rifapentine may also put a strain on the liver. 17 , 4 These studies show that rifapentine can cause liver damage. Regular liver function tests are necessary when taking rifapentine. Rifapentine may have a relationship between genetic polymorphism and side effects. 9 This study showed that genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 may affect the risk of side effects. Therefore, it is important to consider the individual patient’s genetic polymorphism when taking rifapentine.

Comparison between studies

Commonalities between studies

These studies show that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis. They also show that rifapentine is safer than other tuberculosis drugs. Additionally, rifapentine has been shown to be safe for use in people with HIV or Buruli ulcer. However, these studies also show that there are some risks associated with rifapentine, including potential drug interactions and liver damage.

Differences between studies

These studies all show that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, but there are differences in study design, target populations, outcome measures, and results. 10 analyzed the cost-effectiveness of a program to expand rifapentine-based tuberculosis prevention therapy in 12 countries. 1 , 14 , 3 , 2 evaluated the effectiveness and safety of rifapentine-based tuberculosis prevention therapy. 5 used rifapentine to treat Buruli ulcer. These studies suggest that the effectiveness and safety of rifapentine may vary depending on the target population and study design.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

These studies show that rifapentine is effective for preventing tuberculosis, but there are some contradictions. For example, 4 did not conclude that rifapentine plus isoniazid was effective for preventing tuberculosis in patients with radiographically inactive tuberculosis. This may be due to the limited number of patients or the short study period. The potential for drug interactions was shown in , 7 , but more research is needed on the specific degree and risks of interaction.

Considerations for Practical Application

Rifapentine is an effective drug for preventing tuberculosis, but there are some risks, including potential drug interactions and liver damage. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and take the necessary precautions, such as regular liver function tests and awareness of potential drug interactions. Rifapentine is not suitable for all patients. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking rifapentine to determine if it is the right medication for you.

Limitations of Current Research

These studies have used a variety of study designs and target populations to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rifapentine. However, they do not provide sufficient information about the long-term effects of rifapentine or its effects on patients with different genotypes. Further research is needed to ensure that rifapentine is used safely and effectively.

Future Research Directions

Future research on rifapentine should investigate its long-term effects and its effects on patients with different genotypes. Additionally, it is necessary to conduct more in-depth research on drug interactions and side effects, such as liver damage. Further research is also needed to develop ways to use rifapentine more effectively. For example, research is needed on how to optimize the dosage and duration of rifapentine treatment, as well as on the development of combination therapies with rifapentine and other drugs and ways to mitigate the side effects of rifapentine.

Conclusion

Rifapentine is an effective drug for preventing tuberculosis. However, rifapentine also carries some risks, including potential drug interactions and liver damage. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and take the necessary precautions when taking rifapentine. In addition to using effective drugs such as rifapentine, there are other ways to prevent tuberculosis, such as vaccination and infection control. Tuberculosis is a disease that can be overcome with proper treatment and prevention measures. Consult your doctor and take appropriate preventative measures.

Literature analysis of 17 papers
Positive Content
14
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
2
Article Type
1
3
2
2
17
1.

Symptoms and Systemic Drug Reactions in Persons Receiving Weekly Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid (3HP) Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis Infection.

Author: SadowskiClaire, BelknapRobert, HollandDavid P, MoroRuth N, ChenMichael P, WrightAlicia, MilletJoan Pau, CaylàJoan A, ScottNigel A, BorisovAndrey, GandhiNeel R

Systemic drug reactions

Rifapentine plus isoniazid (3HP) is a recommended treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), but its effects on symptoms and side effects are not fully understood. This study aimed to determine patterns of symptom development and identify systemic drug reactions (SDRs) in patients taking 3HP. While more research is needed, this study provides valuable information about the potential side effects and symptom development associated with 3HP treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Treatment responses to integrase strand-transfer inhibitor-containing antiretroviral regimens in combination with short-course rifapentine-based regimens for latent tuberculosis infection among people with HIV.

Author: LinKuan-Yin, SunHsin-Yun, YangChia-Jui, LuPo-Liang, LeeYuan-Ti, LeeNan-Yao, LiouBo-Huang, TangHung-Jen, LeeMei-Hui, WangNing-Chi, ChenTun-Chieh, HiiIng-Moi, HuangSung-Hsi, LinChi-Ying, TsaiChin-Shiang, ChengChien-Yu, HungChien-Ching,

HIV viral suppression
Adverse events

Short-course rifapentine-based regimens combined with integrase strand-transfer inhibitor-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) maintained viral suppression in most people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) within 12 months of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) treatment completion.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Tuberculosis preventive treatment among individuals with inactive tuberculosis suggested by untreated radiographic abnormalities: a community-based randomized controlled trial.

Author: ZhangHaoran, XinHenan, DuYing, CaoXuefang, PanShouguo, LiuJianmin, GuanLing, ShenFei, LiuZisen, ZhangBin, WangDakuan, FengBoxuan, DuJiang, GuanXueling, HeYijun, HeYongpeng, ZhangZhanjiang, YanJiaoxia, JinQi, GaoLei,

TB prevention
Hepatotoxicity

This study assesses the effectiveness and safety of a six-week twice-weekly regimen of rifapentine plus isoniazid in individuals with positive interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) results and radiologically inactive tuberculosis (TB) lesions. The study was conducted in rural China and aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive treatment among a key population at risk for developing active TB.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Telacebec (Q203)-containing intermittent oral regimens sterilized mice infected with Mycobacterium ulcerans after only 16 doses.

Author: ChauffourAurélie, RobertJérôme, VezirisNicolas, AubryAlexandra, PetheKevin, JarlierVincent

BU sterilization

This study explores the bactericidal activity of newer antimicrobials against Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer (BU). Results show that telacebec exhibits high bactericidal activity and, when combined with rifapentine or bedaquiline, achieves sterilization in a mouse model after only 16 doses. This suggests potential for simpler, intermittent oral regimens for BU treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

In vitro postantibiotic effects of rifapentine, isoniazid, and moxifloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Author: ChanChiu-Yeung, Au-YeangCarrie, YewWing-Wai, LeungChi-Chiu, ChengAugustine F B

Effective tuberculosis treatment

A radiometric culture system was used to study the postantibiotic effects (PAEs) of rifapentine, isoniazid, and moxifloxacin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Rifapentine alone at 20 mg/liter demonstrated the longest PAE (104 hours). Combining rifapentine with isoniazid or moxifloxacin resulted in PAEs of 136.5 and 59.0 hours, respectively. However, combining isoniazid and moxifloxacin had a shorter PAE of 8.3 hours.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Hepatocytic transcriptional signatures predict comparative drug interaction potential of rifamycin antibiotics.

Author: DyavarShetty Ravi, MykrisTimothy M, WinchesterLee C, ScarsiKimberly K, FletcherCourtney V, PodanyAnthony T

Lower DDIs
TB treatment

Rifapentine has lower drug-drug interaction potential than rifampin and rifabutin in patients with tuberculosis and co-morbidities.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Efficacy and safety of daily treatments for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Author: ImazuPriscila, SantosJosiane M, Beraldi-MagalhãesFrancisco, Fernandez-LlimosFernando, ToninFernanda S, PontaroloRoberto

Culture conversion
Serious adverse events

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of antimicrobial drug regimens for treating pulmonary drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB). The WHO standard regimen remains an overall effective and safe alternative for DS-TB. For intensive phase treatments, drug combinations with rifapentine and moxifloxacin seem to reduce treatment duration while maintaining efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Cost-effectiveness of a 12 country-intervention to scale up short course TB preventive therapy among people living with HIV.

Author: ShinHyejeong, JoYoungji, ChaissonRichard E, TurnerKarin, ChurchyardGavin, DowdyDavid W

TB prevention

This study aimed to investigate the importance of 'catalytic' effects beyond the original project timeframe when estimating cost-effectiveness of investments in short-course therapy for the prevention of tuberculosis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Systematic review with network meta-analysis on the treatments for latent tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents.

Author: SantosJosiane M, FachiMariana M, Beraldi-MagalhãesFrancisco, BögerBeatriz, JunkerAllan M, DomingosEric L, ImazuPriscila, Fernandez-LlimosFernando, ToninFernanda S, PontaroloRoberto

Death reduction
Disease incidence reduction
LTBI treatment

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of seven trials found that combined therapies of isoniazid plus rifapentine or rifampicin for short-term periods were the most effective treatments for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in children and adolescents. Long-term isoniazid monotherapy at higher doses should be avoided.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

13.

Development of new TB regimens: Harmonizing trial design, product registration requirements, and public health guidance.

Author: LienhardtChristian, VernonAndrew A, CavaleriMarco, NambiarSumati, NahidPayam

Improve TB trials

This article emphasizes the importance of communication and coordination between regulators, researchers, and policymakers to ensure that tuberculosis trials provide high-quality evidence for policy decisions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

14.

Completion, safety, and efficacy of tuberculosis preventive treatment regimens containing rifampicin or rifapentine: an individual patient data network meta-analysis.

Author: WintersNicholas, BelknapRobert, BenedettiAndrea, BorisovAndrey, CampbellJonathon R, ChaissonRichard E, ChanPei-Chun, MartinsonNeil, NahidPayam, ScottNigel A, SizemoreErin, SterlingTimothy R, VillarinoM Elsa, WangJann-Yuan, MenziesDick

Tuberculosis prevention

This study compared the completion, safety, and efficacy of 3 months of weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid (3HP) and 4 months of daily rifampicin (4R) for tuberculosis preventive treatment using individual patient data and network meta-analysis methods.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Tuberculosis.

Author: FurinJennifer, CoxHelen, PaiMadhukar

Improved diagnosis
New drug efficacy
Shorter treatment regimens

This abstract discusses recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis, including the use of rapid molecular testing, whole-genome sequencing, and new drug regimens. It emphasizes the need for high-quality, people-centered care to reduce the morbidity, mortality, and stigma associated with this disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Short-course daily isoniazid and rifapentine for latent tuberculosis infection in people living with HIV who received coformulated bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.

Author: LiouBo-Huang, ChengChih-Ning, LinYa-Ting, LinYu-Jou, ChuangYu-Chung, LinKuan-Yin, LiuWen-Chun, LinShu-Wen, KuoChing-Hua, SunHsin-Yun, HungChien-Ching

Higher completion rates

The 1-month course of daily isoniazid (300-mg) plus rifapentine (600-mg) (1HP) therapy is being evaluated for its efficacy, safety, and tolerability in people living with HIV (PLWH) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who are receiving bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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