Side Effects of ritlecitinib: A Synthesis of Findings from 5 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Ritlecitinib is a promising new treatment for alopecia areata, a condition that causes hair loss. 4 It is a JAK inhibitor, a type of drug that can help to regrow hair. 4 Ritlecitinib has been shown to be effective in clinical trials, with a better side-effect profile compared to conventional treatments. 4

Reasons for Side Effects

JAK inhibitors, including ritlecitinib, work by suppressing the immune system. 5 This can lead to side effects such as an increased risk of infection. 5

Common Side Effects

Infections

Ritlecitinib and other JAK inhibitors can increase the risk of infections. 5 These can include upper respiratory tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and shingles. 5

Liver Abnormalities

JAK inhibitors can cause elevated liver enzyme levels. 5 Elevated liver enzyme levels can be a sign of liver damage. 5

Lipid Abnormalities

JAK inhibitors can cause elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels. 5 Lipid abnormalities can increase the risk of heart disease. 5

Other Side Effects

Other possible side effects of JAK inhibitors include headache, nausea, indigestion, anemia, and high blood pressure. 5

Side Effects Management

Infections

Preventing infections is important, including hand washing, gargling, and regular health checks. 5 If you experience any signs of infection, consult your doctor immediately. 5

Liver Abnormalities

Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any signs of liver damage. 5

Lipid Abnormalities

Maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise is important for preventing lipid abnormalities. 5 Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any signs of lipid abnormalities. 5

Research Comparison

Research Similarities

Ritlecitinib and other JAK inhibitors are promising new treatments for alopecia areata. 4 However, data on their safety is limited. 5

Research Differences

Safety data for JAK inhibitors is extrapolated from a single study on tofacitinib in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 5 Alopecia areata patients are clinically and immunologically different from rheumatoid arthritis patients, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are ineffective in these patients. 5

Real-Life Application Considerations

While JAK inhibitors, including ritlecitinib, are promising treatments for alopecia areata, safety data is limited. 5 It is important to consult with your doctor and understand the risks and benefits before using these medications. 5

Current Research Limitations

Safety data for JAK inhibitors in alopecia areata patients is limited and based on data from a single study on tofacitinib in elderly rheumatoid arthritis patients. 5

Future Research Directions

Large-scale clinical trials are needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of JAK inhibitors, including ritlecitinib, in alopecia areata patients. 5

Conclusion

While JAK inhibitors, including ritlecitinib, hold promise for treating alopecia areata, safety data is limited. 5 It is crucial to consult with your doctor and understand the risks and benefits before using these medications. 5

Literature analysis of 5 papers
Positive Content
5
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
3
0
2
1
4
1.

Adverse effects of risperidone and haloperidol treatment in schizophrenia.

Author: YenYung-Chieh, LungFor-Wey, ChongMian-Yoon

Improved negative symptoms
Extrapyramidal side effects

Risperidone was more effective than haloperidol in improving negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Risperidone was also better tolerated. Serum prolactin levels could predict the severity of parkinsonism and dyskinesia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Metabolic risk with second-generation antipsychotic treatment: a double-blind randomized 8-week trial of risperidone and olanzapine.

Author: KellyDeanna L, ConleyRobert R, LoveRaymond C, MorrisonJohn A, McMahonRobert P

Psychotic treatment
Metabolic disturbances
Weight gain

This study examined weight and metabolic changes in patients treated with risperidone and olanzapine, two widely used second-generation antipsychotics. The study addressed the importance of early monitoring for metabolic side effects associated with these medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

A double-blind placebo-controlled discontinuation study of zuclopenthixol for the treatment of aggressive disruptive behaviours in adults with mental retardation - secondary parameter analyses.

Author: HässlerF, GlaserT, PapA F, BenekeM, DiefenbacherA, ReisO,

Reduced aggression
Mild side effects

Zuclopenthixol proved to be safe and effective to keep a low rate of aggressive behaviour in adults with mental retardation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Systematic review of newer agents for the management of alopecia areata in adults: Janus kinase inhibitors, biologics and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors.

Author: GuptaAditya K, WangTong, Polla RaviShruthi, BamimoreMary A, PiguetVincent, TostiAntonella

Alopecia areata treatment
Conventional systemic agent side effects
Systemic steroids side effects

This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of newer agents for the treatment of alopecia areata (AA), including JAK inhibitors, biologics, and PDE-4 inhibitors. Oral JAK inhibitors showed promising results, while PDE-4 inhibitors and biologics appeared to have limited efficacy.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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