Side Effects of selumetinib: A Synthesis of Findings from 17 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Selumetinib is a MEK inhibitor, a new type of targeted therapy used to treat certain cancers. It works by blocking the MEK1/2 protein, which is involved in cell growth and survival. This targeted approach has shown promise in treating various cancers, including melanoma, neurofibromatosis type 1, and advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 6 , 16 , 15 , 14 , 11 , 5 , 4 , 8 , 17

However, like most medications, selumetinib can cause side effects, and while most are mild or moderate, they can sometimes be severe. These side effects are often associated with the drug's mechanism of action, as it targets proteins that play a role in both cancerous and healthy cell function. 6 , 16 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 ,

Reasons for Side Effects

Selumetinib's side effects stem from its ability to inhibit MEK1/2. While this action effectively combats cancer cell growth, MEK1/2 is also vital for normal cell function, making it possible for the drug to impact healthy cells as well. 16

Common Side Effects

Skin Side Effects

One of the most common side effects of selumetinib is skin-related, which can include rash, itching, dryness, and peeling. 6 , 15 , 5 , 4 , In some cases, more serious reactions like skin shedding or steroid reactions have been reported. 6

Digestive System Side Effects

Selumetinib can also affect the digestive system, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. 6 , 5 , 4

Liver Side Effects

Liver problems, manifested as elevated liver function test results, are another potential side effect associated with selumetinib use. 6 , 5

Eye Side Effects

Ocular side effects, including decreased vision, eye pain, and swelling, have been reported in association with selumetinib treatment. 13 , 12

Other Side Effects

Selumetinib can also cause other side effects, such as fatigue, muscle and joint pain, fever, headache, weight gain, and hair loss. 6 , 11 , 5 , 4

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Countermeasures for Skin Side Effects

Countermeasures for skin side effects include using moisturizers and applying steroid ointments. 6 If serious skin reactions occur, selumetinib administration may need to be discontinued.

Countermeasures for Digestive System Side Effects

Countermeasures for digestive system side effects include drug therapy such as antidiarrheals and antiemetics. 6 Diet therapy and hydration are also important.

Countermeasures for Liver Side Effects

If liver side effects occur, selumetinib administration may need to be discontinued. 6 Drug therapy to protect liver function may also be performed.

Countermeasures for Eye Side Effects

If eye side effects occur, selumetinib administration may need to be discontinued. 13 , 12 You will also need to be examined by an ophthalmologist.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities Between Studies

Many studies have reported that selumetinib can cause side effects such as skin, digestive system, and liver side effects. 6 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 ,

Differences Between Studies

Some studies have reported skin side effects such as rash, itching, and dryness caused by selumetinib. 6 , 15 , 5 , 4 Other studies have reported digestive system side effects such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting caused by selumetinib. 6 , 5 , 4

Points to Note Regarding Applications in Daily Life

While selumetinib shows promise in treating cancer, it's essential to remember that it can cause side effects. 6 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 , If you're considering selumetinib treatment, it's crucial to consult with your doctor and thoroughly understand the risks and benefits, including potential side effects, before making a decision.

Limitations of Current Research

Research into the side effects of selumetinib is still ongoing, and more comprehensive data is needed to fully understand the drug's potential adverse effects. 6 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 ,

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on minimizing the side effects of selumetinib and enhancing its safety profile. 6 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 , Potential strategies include refining dosage and administration methods, exploring combination therapies, and developing novel drugs to prevent or mitigate side effects.

Conclusion

Selumetinib shows promise in treating various cancers, but its use is accompanied by potential side effects. 6 , 15 , 13 , 12 , 5 , 4 , If you're considering this treatment, consulting with your doctor to fully understand the risks and benefits is crucial.

Literature analysis of 17 papers
Positive Content
15
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
0
Article Type
5
0
0
2
17
1.

Adverse effects of risperidone and haloperidol treatment in schizophrenia.

Author: YenYung-Chieh, LungFor-Wey, ChongMian-Yoon

Improved negative symptoms
Extrapyramidal side effects

Risperidone was more effective than haloperidol in improving negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Risperidone was also better tolerated. Serum prolactin levels could predict the severity of parkinsonism and dyskinesia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Metabolic risk with second-generation antipsychotic treatment: a double-blind randomized 8-week trial of risperidone and olanzapine.

Author: KellyDeanna L, ConleyRobert R, LoveRaymond C, MorrisonJohn A, McMahonRobert P

Psychotic treatment
Metabolic disturbances
Weight gain

This study examined weight and metabolic changes in patients treated with risperidone and olanzapine, two widely used second-generation antipsychotics. The study addressed the importance of early monitoring for metabolic side effects associated with these medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

A double-blind placebo-controlled discontinuation study of zuclopenthixol for the treatment of aggressive disruptive behaviours in adults with mental retardation - secondary parameter analyses.

Author: HässlerF, GlaserT, PapA F, BenekeM, DiefenbacherA, ReisO,

Reduced aggression
Mild side effects

Zuclopenthixol proved to be safe and effective to keep a low rate of aggressive behaviour in adults with mental retardation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Selumetinib side effects in children treated for plexiform neurofibromas: first case reports of peripheral edema and hair color change.

Author: BaldoFrancesco, MagnolatoAndrea, BarbiEgidio, BrunoIrene

Plexiform neurofibroma treatment
Dermatologic side effects
Gastrointestinal side effects
Lab abnormalities

Selumetinib, an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) 1 and 2, effectively tackles the growth of plexiform neurofibromas (PNs). The most common side effects are mild to moderate and include gastrointestinal symptoms, dermatologic manifestations, and laboratory test abnormalities.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Selumetinib in the Treatment of Symptomatic Intractable Plexiform Neurofibromas in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Prospective Case Series with Emphasis on Side Effects.

Author: BaldoFrancesco, GrassoAntonio Giacomo, Cortellazzo WielLuisa, MaestroAlessandra, TrojniakMarta Paulina, MurruFlora Maria, BassoLuca, MagnolatoAndrea, BrunoIrene, BarbiEgidio

Clinical response
PN treatment

Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) are tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. This study reviewed the potential of selumetinib, a MEK inhibitor, in treating PN.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Dermatologic side effects associated with the MEK 1/2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886).

Author: BalagulaYevgeniy, Barth HustonKatherine, BusamKlaus J, LacoutureMario E, ChapmanPaul B, MyskowskiPatricia L

Cancer treatment
Dermatologic toxicities

This review discusses the dermatological toxicities associated with selumetinib, a MEK inhibitor currently in clinical trials for various solid malignancies. It explores the clinical presentation, evolution, and management of these toxicities.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Selumetinib.

Author: CampagneOlivia, YeoKee Kiat, FangusaroJason, StewartClinton F

Selumetinib, a mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 inhibitor, has shown promising results in treating various cancers, including neurofibromatosis 1, pediatric low-grade glioma, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma. Selumetinib has a favorable safety profile and pharmacokinetic properties, supporting its further evaluation in combination with other therapies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Rational Design of Polyglutamic Acid Delivering an Optimized Combination of Drugs Targeting Mutated BRAF and MEK in Melanoma.

Author: PisarevskyEvgeni, BlauRachel, EpshteinYana, Ben-ShushanDikla, Eldar-BoockAnat, TiramGalia, Koshrovski-MichaelShani, ScomparinAnna, PozziSabina, KrivitskyAdva, Shenbach-KoltinGal, YeiniEilam, FridrichLidar, WhiteRichard, Satchi-FainaroRonit

Melanoma treatment
Synergistic activity

This study develops a novel nanomedicine delivery system using poly(α,L-glutamic acid) (PGA) to target melanoma tumors with a combination of selumetinib (SLM) and modified dabrafenib (mDBF), both targeting the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. The study demonstrates that the nanomedicine exhibits synergistic anti-tumor activity in vitro and in a mouse model of primary melanoma, suggesting a promising approach for cancer treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Relationship between physician-adjudicated adverse events and patient-reported health-related quality of life in a phase II clinical trial (NCT01143402) of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma.

Author: AtkinsonThomas M, HayJennifer L, ShoushtariAlexander, LiYuelin, PaucarDaniel J, SmithSloane C, KudchadkarRagini R, DoyleAustin, SosmanJeffrey A, QuevedoJorge Fernando, MilhemMohammed M, JoshuaAnthony M, LinetteGerald P, GajewskiThomas F, LutzkyJose, LawsonDavid H, LaoChristopher D, FlynnPatrick J, AlbertiniMark R, SatoTakami, LewisKarl, MarrBrian, AbramsonDavid H, DicksonMark Andrew, SchwartzGary K, CarvajalRichard D

HRQoL assessment

This study explores the relationship between physician-adjudicated adverse event (AE) assessment and patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data in clinical trials.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

11.

A phase Ib study of selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) in combination with sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Author: TaiW M, YongW P, LimC, LowL S, ThamC K, KohT S, NgQ S, WangW W, WangL Z, HartanoS, ThngC H, HuynhH, LimK T, TohH C, GohB C, ChooS P

HCC treatment

This phase I study investigated the safety and efficacy of combining selumetinib with sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), assess safety and tolerability, and explore pharmacokinetics (PK) and biomarker correlates.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Separation of outer retinal layers secondary to selumetinib.

Author: AveryRobert A, Trimboli-HeidlerCarmelina, KilburnLindsay B

Retinal layer separation resolved
Retinal layer separation

Two patients with optic pathway gliomas developed outer retinal layer separation while taking the MEK inhibitor selumetinib. The separation resolved after discontinuation of selumetinib without visual sequelae.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

13.

[Multifocal serous chorioretinopathy secondary to the use of MEK inhibitors: Illustration and example of management through two case reports].

Author: CoutuA, FarguetteF, JeanninG, ChiambarettaF

Cancer treatment
Ophthalmologic side effects

MEK inhibitors are targeted treatments for certain cancers, but can cause serous chorioretinopathies as a side effect. This report describes two cases of serous chorioretinopathies in patients receiving selumetinib, an MEK inhibitor. The condition appeared rapidly after starting treatment and resolved soon after stopping it. Early recognition and proper management are crucial for this complication.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

14.

Selumetinib plus docetaxel for KRAS-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study.

Author: JännePasi A, ShawAlice T, PereiraJosé Rodrigues, JeanninGaëlle, VansteenkisteJohan, BarriosCarlos, FrankeFabio Andre, GrinstedLynda, ZazulinaVictoria, SmithPaul, SmithIan, CrinòLucio

KRAS-mutant NSCLC treatment

Selumetinib is a drug that blocks MEK1/MEK2, a protein involved in cancer growth, and may be effective in treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer. This study is a phase 2 trial evaluating the combination of selumetinib and docetaxel in patients with advanced KRAS-mutant lung cancer.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

[Dermatologic adverse events of the new targeted anticancer therapies used in oncodermatology].

Author: SibaudV, DelordJ-P, ChevreauC, GangloffD, Garrido-StowhasI

Skin toxicity

This review focuses on the cutaneous side effects of targeted anticancer therapies used in oncodermatology. The review discusses the most frequent side effects of well-established drugs, such as EGF receptor inhibitors and imatinib, as well as newer treatments for metastatic melanoma, including BRAF and MEK inhibitors and CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

17.

Safety and Efficacy of Mek Inhibitors in the Treatment of Plexiform Neurofibromas: A Retrospective Study.

Author: CacchioneAntonella, FabozziFrancesco, CaraiAndrea, ColafatiGiovanna Stefania, BaldoGiada Del, RossiSabrina, DianaMartino, MegaroGiacomina, MilanoGiuseppe Maria, MacchiaioloMarina, CrocoliAlessandro, De IorisMaria Antonietta, BoccutoLuigi, SeccoDomitilla Elena, ZamaMario, AgoliniEmanuele, TomàPaolo, MastronuzziAngela

treatment of plexiform neurofibromas
recurrence
side effects

Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) are the main cause of morbidity in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) patients. While surgery has been the primary treatment option, its efficacy is limited by a high recurrence rate and side effects. Recent studies have shown promise with MEK inhibitors (MEKi), such as selumetinib and trametinib, as potential treatments for PN.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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