Side Effects of tazemetostat: A Synthesis of Findings from 3 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Findings

Tazemetostat has been shown to enhance the effectiveness of 5-FU in treating colorectal cancer. 3 Tamoxifen, a drug commonly used to treat breast cancer, has been associated with vasomotor and gynecological symptoms in postmenopausal women. 1 Tamoxifen and letrozole, both anti-estrogens, can have an impact on thyroid function in women with early and advanced breast cancer. 2

Reasons for Side Effects

Tazemetostat's side effects stem from its inhibition of EZH2, a histone methyltransferase. 3 EZH2 plays a role in cell growth and differentiation, and its inhibition can lead to various side effects.

Tamoxifen's side effects are linked to its binding to estrogen receptors. 1 Tamoxifen binds to these receptors and blocks the action of estrogen, leading to a range of potential side effects.

Common Side Effects

Tazemetostat

While research on tazemetostat's side effects is still ongoing, clinical trials have reported side effects such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and loss of appetite. 3 These side effects are typically mild to moderate and tend to decrease over time.

Tamoxifen

Tamoxifen can cause side effects like vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes), gynecological symptoms, weight gain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, headaches, and joint pain, particularly in postmenopausal women. 1 These side effects are usually mild to moderate and lessen over time, although some women may experience more severe reactions.

Both tamoxifen and letrozole can affect thyroid function in women with early and advanced breast cancer. 2 They may lead to hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Weight gain has also been observed in women treated for early breast cancer with chemotherapy and anti-estrogens.

Managing Side Effects

Tazemetostat

To minimize side effects associated with tazemetostat, doctors may adjust dosage or prescribe medications to counter these effects. 3 Lifestyle changes like dietary modifications and exercise can also contribute to reducing side effects.

Tamoxifen

Doctors may adjust the dosage of tamoxifen or prescribe other medications to manage side effects. 1 Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, can also play a role in reducing side effects.

Regular monitoring of thyroid function is crucial to minimize the impact of tamoxifen and letrozole on thyroid health. 2 Maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine can help control weight gain associated with these medications.

Comparison Across Studies

Similarities

The studies, while investigating different drugs, share a common theme: they demonstrate that doctors can adjust dosages or prescribe additional medications to mitigate side effects.

Differences

The studies differ due to the drugs they focus on. Tazemetostat's side effects are less well-studied compared to those of tamoxifen. Additionally, tazemetostat is designed to enhance the effectiveness of other cancer treatments, while tamoxifen is a treatment for breast cancer itself.

Real-World Implications

It's essential to use medications like tazemetostat and tamoxifen under the guidance of a doctor. Before using these medications, you should consult with your doctor to fully understand the risks and benefits associated with them.

Current Research Limitations

Research on tazemetostat's side effects is still in its early stages. This means there are many unknowns about potential long-term side effects and rare side effects.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to delve deeper into the side effects of tazemetostat. This research should prioritize investigations into long-term side effects and rare side effects.

Conclusion

Tazemetostat and tamoxifen are distinct medications with different mechanisms of action and side effect profiles. It's crucial to consult with your doctor to fully understand the risks and benefits before using these medications. Continued research into their side effects is necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their impacts.

Literature analysis of 3 papers
Positive Content
3
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
1
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1
1
3
1.

Symptoms associated with tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal women.

Author: LoveR R, CameronL, ConnellB L, LeventhalH

Disease-free survival
Gynecological symptoms
Vasomotor symptoms

Tamoxifen therapy in postmenopausal women with breast cancer was associated with significant perceived symptom 'cost', including vasomotor symptoms and gynecologic symptoms, potentially compromising long-term compliance.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

2.

Influence of the anti-oestrogens tamoxifen and letrozole on thyroid function in women with early and advanced breast cancer: A systematic review.

Author: MarinaDjordje, RasmussenÅse Krogh, Buch-LarsenKristian, GillbergLinn, AnderssonMichael, SchwarzPeter

BC recurrence
Thyroid function

Tamoxifen and letrozole are anti-oestrogens used to prevent breast cancer recurrence. While their side effects are well-documented, their impact on thyroid function is less clear. This review explores the potential effects of tamoxifen and letrozole on thyroid function and their contribution to weight gain observed in breast cancer patients.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Inhibition of EZH2 enhances the therapeutic effect of 5-FU via PUMA upregulation in colorectal cancer.

Author: TanXiao, ZhangZhongqiang, LiuPing, YaoHongliang, ShenLiangfang, TongJing-Shan

5-FU sensitivity
CRC treatment

This study investigates the potential of combining tazemetostat, an EZH2 inhibitor, with 5-FU to enhance its efficacy and reduce adverse effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. The combination showed synergistic antitumor activity and improved 5-FU sensitivity, suggesting a promising strategy for CRC therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Retracted PublicationCases where a publication has been formally withdrawn due to the discovery of serious errors or misconduct.

Language : English

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