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Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity Induced by Polymyxins and Chemoprevention.

Author: CappaiRoberto, CiccotostoGiuseppe D, DaiChongshan, HoyerDaniel, LiJichang, Schneider-FutschikElena K, ShenJianzhong, TangShusheng, VelkovTony, XiaoXilong

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Overview

Polymyxin antibiotics, such as colistin, can cause neurotoxicity. This neurotoxicity is characterized by neurological symptoms like dizziness, seizures, and paresthesias. Polymyxin-induced nerve damage is related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Neuroprotective agents, such as curcumin, rapamycin, and minocycline, may help to limit this neurotoxicity.
Paper Details　
Original Abstract of the Article :
Neurotoxicity is one major unwanted side-effects associated with polymyxin (i.e., colistin and polymyxin B) therapy. Clinically, colistin neurotoxicity is characterized by neurological symptoms including dizziness, visual disturbances, vertigo, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, ataxia, and facial...See full text at original site
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引用元：
https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00300

データ提供：米国国立医学図書館（NLM）

Polymyxins: A Double-Edged Sword in Fighting Infections

This study delves into the fascinating world of polymyxins, powerful antibiotics used to combat infections. Polymyxins, including colistin and polymyxin B, have been a last resort for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, this study explores the concerning side effect of neurotoxicity associated with polymyxin therapy, examining the underlying mechanisms and potential strategies to mitigate this risk. The research focuses on the molecular mechanisms of polymyxin-induced neurotoxicity, investigating the role of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and key signaling pathways in neuronal cell death.

Polymyxin Neurotoxicity: A Complex and Multifaceted Problem

The study unravels the complex mechanisms behind polymyxin-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The findings demonstrate that polymyxins can disrupt cellular balance, leading to neuronal cell injury and death. The research also points to the involvement of specific signaling pathways, including p53, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK, in the development of polymyxin-induced neurotoxicity.

Navigating Antibiotic Therapy: Balancing Benefits and Risks

This study underscores the need for a nuanced approach to antibiotic therapy, especially with polymyxins. It emphasizes the importance of carefully considering the potential risks of neurotoxicity, particularly in patients with pre-existing neurological conditions. The research highlights the urgent need for further investigation into novel formulations and strategies to reduce the risk of neurotoxicity associated with polymyxin therapy.

Dr.Camel's Conclusion

This study delves into the complex world of polymyxins, revealing the double-edged sword of their effectiveness in fighting infections and their potential for neurotoxicity. The findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving polymyxin-induced neurotoxicity, paving the way for the development of safer and more effective treatment strategies.

Date :
  1. Date Completed 2020-02-06
  2. Date Revised 2020-02-06
Further Info :

Pubmed ID

30362702

DOI: Digital Object Identifier

10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00300

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Languages

English

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