Side Effects of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide: A Synthesis of Findings from 10 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Several studies have shown that aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations are effective in treating peptic ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid. 5 study showed that low-dose aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations were as effective as misoprostol in healing peptic ulcers and significantly reduced nighttime pain. 2 study reported that aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combination, Maalox, was effective in treating duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, erosive gastroduodenitis, and erosive reflux esophagitis. 10 study showed that aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combination, Almagel-Neo, was effective in treating duodenal ulcers, and improvement in symptoms, ulcer reduction, and suppression of gastric acid secretion were observed. 3 study found that pretreatment with 0.5% hydrocortisone cream before applying transdermal clonidine significantly altered the plasma concentrations of transdermal clonidine without adversely altering the pharmacodynamics.

Reasons for Side Effects

Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations neutralize stomach acid, making them effective for treating peptic ulcers, but some patients may experience side effects. The reason for side effects is thought to be the absorption of aluminum and magnesium into the body.

Common Side Effects

Constipation

Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations absorb water in the intestines and harden stools, which can cause constipation. 8 study reported that the use of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combination, Maalox, did not change the quality of stool. 10 study reported that a higher percentage of patients experienced constipation with the new almagel derivatives, which contained a double dose of magnesium hydroxide compared to the control group.

Diarrhea

Magnesium hydroxide promotes intestinal motility, which can cause diarrhea. 9 study reported that the incidence of diarrhea and loose stools was lower with the new high-potency formulation compared to conventional formulations containing magnesium hydroxide. 5 study showed that a higher rate of side effects, especially diarrhea, was observed in the group treated with misoprostol compared to the group treated with low-dose antacids.

Dehydration

Persistent diarrhea can lead to dehydration.

Electrolyte Imbalance

Taking aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations can disrupt electrolyte balance in the body. 8 study reported that taking aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combination, Maalox, increased magnesium and aluminum levels in the blood.

Osteoporosis

Aluminum absorbed into the body can reduce calcium in bones, potentially increasing the risk of osteoporosis. 7 study reported that aluminum is quickly excreted in patients with healthy kidneys, and no adverse health effects have been documented.

Neurological Disorders

Aluminum accumulation in the body can cause neurological disorders.

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Constipation

If you are concerned about constipation, it is important to review your lifestyle, such as eating foods high in dietary fiber and drinking plenty of water.

Diarrhea

If diarrhea persists, drink plenty of fluids and consult a doctor if necessary.

Dehydration

If you suspect dehydration, consult a doctor immediately.

Electrolyte Imbalance

If you suspect an electrolyte imbalance, consult a doctor for treatment according to their instructions.

Osteoporosis

If you are at high risk of osteoporosis, consult a doctor and take appropriate preventive measures.

Neurological Disorders

If you suspect a neurological disorder, consult a doctor immediately.

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities between Studies

Multiple studies have shown that aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations are effective in treating peptic ulcers. These formulations are generally considered to be safe.

Differences between Studies

Each study uses different types, doses, administration methods, and target diseases of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations. Therefore, it is difficult to directly compare the results of the studies.

Precautions for Application in Real Life

Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations are effective in treating peptic ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid, but you should be aware of the risk of side effects. In particular, if you have impaired kidney function or are at high risk of osteoporosis, consult a doctor before taking these drugs.

Limitations of Current Research

Long-term safety of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations has not been sufficiently studied.

Future Research Directions

Research on the long-term safety of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations and effective ways to reduce the side effects of these formulations is needed.

Conclusion

Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide combinations are effective drugs for treating peptic ulcers, but it is important to understand the risk of side effects and take them according to your doctor's instructions.

Literature analysis of 10 papers
Positive Content
10
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
4
0
0
0
10
2.

[A comparative evaluation of the antacid properties of the preparations Maalox and Almagel].

Author: GrebenevA L, SheptulinA A, OkhlobystinA V

Duodenal ulcer treatment
Erosive gastroduodenitis treatment
Erosive reflux-esophagitis treatment
Gastric ulcer treatment

This study compared the antacid properties of Maalox and Almagel in patients with duodenal ulcers. Maalox was found to be more effective and well-tolerated, with fewer side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Russian

3.

Skin pretreatment and the use of transdermal clonidine.

Author: ItoM K, O'ConnorD T

Blood pressure control
Dermal reactions

Dermal pretreatment with 0.5% hydrocortisone cream significantly altered the plasma concentrations of transdermally administered clonidine without affecting its pharmacodynamics. The pretreatment also reduced dermal side effects compared to magnesium-aluminum hydroxide or the patch alone.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Comparative efficacy of cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and mylanta in postoperative stress ulcers. Gastric pH control and ulcer prevention in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Author: LamotheP H, RaoE, SerraA J, CastellanoJ, WoronickC L, McNicholasK W, LemoleG M

Postoperative stress ulceration prevention
Hematologic and neurological side effects

Famotidine and ranitidine were more effective than cimetidine in controlling gastric pH and preventing postoperative stress ulceration in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Duodenal ulcer therapy with low-dose antacids: a multicenter trial.

Author: NauertC, CasparyW F

Treats duodenal ulcers
Diarrhea

Low-dose antacid was as effective as misoprostol in healing duodenal ulcers, with a similar effect on clinical symptoms. However, antacids provided significantly better relief of night pain.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

[Intravesical or intrarectal instillation of maalox for the treatment of radiation cystitis or proctitis].

Author: KawagoeK, KawanaT

hemorrhage control

Maalox, a material for protection of mucous epithelia, was successfully used to control hemorrhage in radiation cystitis and proctitis. Maalox was instilled intravesically or intrarectally.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Japanese

7.

Antacids for peptic ulcer: do we have anything better?

Author: BerstadA, WebergR

Accelerated ulcer healing
Symptom relief
Aluminum accumulation

Low-dose antacid tablets are as effective as liquid antacids in treating peptic ulcers. Low-dose antacid regimens are usually well-tolerated and have few side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

[Serum and urine electrolyte behavior under therapeutic dosage of a potent magnesium and aluminum hydroxide containing antacid].

Author: GrünzigG, LückerP W, SchnitkerJ

No stool changes
Tolerated subjectively
Decreased phosphate elimination
Increased serum aluminum
Increased serum magnesium

Maalox 70, an antacid, increased serum magnesium and aluminum levels and renal excretion of these minerals while decreasing phosphate elimination.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

9.

Open safety-in-use trial of a new high-potency antacid product.

Author: PawlowskiG J, KrondlA, DarkeA C

Antacid efficacy
Taste acceptability
Diarrhea

A new high-potency antacid product was effective in relieving 67% to 73% of upper gastro-intestinal tract symptoms in 109 patients. 70% of patients preferred the new product to previous antacid therapy. The incidence of product-related side-effects was low, with only 6.7% experiencing diarrhea or loose stools.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

[Clinical trial of the Bulgarian preparations, flatugel and almagel-neo in duodenal ulcer].

Author: BrailskiKh, MatovV, DimitrovB, BakalovV, BozhiianovV

Effective ulcer treatment
Pleasant taste
Constipation
No side effects

Almagel is effective in treating duodenal ulcers. The most common side effect is constipation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Bulgarian

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