Side Effects of atezolizumab injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 4 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Atenolol, a beta 1-adrenoceptor blocker, can cause side effects due to the suppression of cardiac output at rest. These side effects can be reduced by using drugs with beta 1-partial agonist activity, like epanolol. A study comparing atenolol and epanolol in 20 patients with chronic stable angina showed that epanolol was as effective as atenolol in terms of antianginal efficacy. However, epanolol improved the side effect profile in some, but not all, patients. 2 .

Another study found that atenolol does not cause sedation or drowsiness, unlike methyldopa, another medication. 1 .

A case report found that a 49-year-old woman developed Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) after receiving treatment with Nab-PTX and atezolizumab for metastatic breast cancer. CME is a rare side effect associated with chemotherapy, although it has been reported to occur following treatment with taxane drugs such as Nab-PTX. The patient's symptoms improved after the treatment with Nab-PTX and atezolizumab was stopped. 4

Reasons for Side Effects

Side effects of beta-blockers like atenolol can occur due to the suppression of cardiac output at rest. 2 Beta-blockers can also cause gastrointestinal upset, musculoskeletal symptoms, tiredness, malaise, insomnia, depression or confusion, sweating, breathlessness, or cold extremities. 3

CME is a rare side effect associated with chemotherapy, although it has been reported to occur following treatment with taxane drugs such as Nab-PTX. 4 .

Common Side Effects

Cardiovascular Side Effects

Beta-blockers can cause a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. 2 1 3

Central Nervous System Side Effects

Methyldopa can cause sedation and drowsiness. 1 Atenolol does not cause sedation or drowsiness. 1

Other Side Effects

Beta-blockers can cause gastrointestinal upset, musculoskeletal symptoms, tiredness, malaise, insomnia, depression or confusion, sweating, breathlessness, or cold extremities. 3 CME is a rare side effect associated with chemotherapy, although it has been reported to occur following treatment with taxane drugs such as Nab-PTX. 4 .

Side Effects Management

Cardiovascular Side Effects

Drugs with beta 1-partial agonist activity, like epanolol, can help reduce side effects caused by beta-blockers. 2 Combining a calcium antagonist with a beta-blocker can also reduce certain side effects. 3

Central Nervous System Side Effects

There is no specific management for sedation or drowsiness caused by methyldopa. 1

Other Side Effects

Cessation of chemotherapy has been reported to improve CME. 4 There is no specific treatment for CME yet. 4 .

Research Comparison

Commonalities

Multiple studies have investigated side effects of various medications including beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, and chemotherapy drugs. These studies demonstrate that each medication has its own side effect profile that should be carefully considered for patient safety.

Differences

Epanolol, a beta 1-partial agonist, can help reduce side effects caused by beta-blockers. 2 The combination of calcium antagonists and beta-blockers can also be used to reduce certain side effects. 3

Real-life Application

Patients should be aware of the potential side effects of their medications. Discuss any concerns with their doctor and inform them of any symptoms experienced.

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and develop strategies to prevent and treat side effects associated with medications.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of side effects associated with various medications. This includes developing strategies to prevent and treat those side effects, and studying the long-term effects of medications.

Conclusion

Medication can have a variety of side effects. It is crucial to be aware of these potential risks, discuss any concerns with your doctor, and seek immediate treatment if any symptoms develop.

Literature analysis of 4 papers
Positive Content
3
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
1
Article Type
3
0
0
0
3
1.

The effects of atenolol (tenormin) and methyldopa on simple tests of central nervous function.

Author: BaylissP F, DuncanS M

Blood pressure reduction
Drowsiness
Sedation

Atenolol, a beta-blocker, produced no effect on reaction time, critical flicker frequency, or subjective feelings in healthy volunteers, unlike methyldopa which caused significant prolongation of reaction time and drowsiness. Atenolol significantly reduced blood pressure and pulse rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Effect of partial agonist activity on the side effects of beta-blockade in patients with chronic stable angina.

Author: ChambersJ, OngM L, AkhrasF, AdamG, JacksonG

Angina treatment
Side effects

Epanolol, a beta 1-partial agonist, is as effective as atenolol for chronic stable angina and may improve the side effect profile in some patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Aims of combination therapy--improved quality of life or better blood pressure control?

Author: MacleanD

Increased antihypertensive efficacy
Reduced side effects
Excessive blood pressure drop
Heart failure risk

Combining nifedipine and atenolol may provide additional antihypertensive benefit but can also increase the risk of adverse effects such as excessive blood pressure drops and heart failure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Cystoid Macular Edema following Treatment with Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel and Atezolizumab for Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Author: YamaneHiroaki, ItagakiTomoko, KajitaniKeiko, KouraYuji, KawabuchiYoshiharu, OharaMasahiro

None mentioned
Cystoid macular edema

This case report describes a 49-year-old woman who developed cystoid macular edema (CME) while receiving chemotherapy with Nab-PTX and atezolizumab. The CME resolved after discontinuation of chemotherapy, highlighting the importance of recognizing and managing ophthalmologic side effects during cancer treatment.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

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