Side Effects of bumetanide: A Synthesis of Findings from 30 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Bumetanide has been found to have a diuretic effect in a variety of subjects, including healthy individuals, patients with chronic kidney disease, infants with heart failure, and even children with autism spectrum disorder. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4

Bumetanide has been shown to be about 15% more effective than furosemide in terms of diuretic effect, with a later but more sustained effect. 26

Bumetanide has been suggested to have potential therapeutic use in patients with hypercalcemia. 26

Bumetanide may be less potent than furosemide in patients with chronic kidney disease. 29

Bumetanide has shown promise as an effective diuretic for long-term use in infants with heart failure. 27

Bumetanide has been reported to be associated with symptom improvement in children with autism spectrum disorder. 4

Reasons for Side Effects

Bumetanide exerts its diuretic effect by acting on the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the kidneys, inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium. 12

By inhibiting sodium reabsorption, bumetanide can disrupt the body's electrolyte balance, potentially leading to various side effects. 12

Common Side Effects

Hypokalemia

Bumetanide can lead to hypokalemia due to its promotion of potassium excretion. 18 , 21 , 17 , 2 , 5 , 20 , 23

Hypomagnesemia

Bumetanide can induce hypomagnesemia by promoting magnesium excretion. 18 , 17

Hyperuricemia

Bumetanide can cause hyperuricemia by inhibiting uric acid excretion. 18 , 21 , 20 , 23

Metabolic Alkalosis

Bumetanide can disrupt the body's electrolyte balance and lead to metabolic alkalosis. 18

Hearing Loss

Bumetanide has the potential to affect the inner ear and cause hearing loss. 1 , 21

Dehydration

Bumetanide can cause dehydration due to its diuretic effect, leading to excessive water excretion. 9

Muscle Pain and Stiffness

Bumetanide may cause muscle pain and stiffness. 29 , 21 , 23

Other Side Effects

In addition to the above side effects, bumetanide can also cause dizziness, headache, indigestion, and rash. 21

Side Effects Management

Hypokalemia

Managing hypokalemia may involve increasing potassium intake through diet or taking potassium supplements. 21

Hypomagnesemia

To manage hypomagnesemia, consider increasing magnesium intake through diet or taking magnesium supplements. 18

Hyperuricemia

Managing hyperuricemia might involve taking medications to promote uric acid excretion. 21

Metabolic Alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis often resolves by discontinuing bumetanide use. 18

Hearing Loss

Hearing loss often improves upon discontinuing bumetanide use. 21

Dehydration

Staying well-hydrated by drinking enough fluids is important to manage dehydration. 9

Muscle Pain and Stiffness

Muscle pain and stiffness usually resolve upon discontinuing bumetanide use. 21

Comparison Across Studies

Research Similarities

Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of bumetanide as a diuretic agent. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4

Research indicates that bumetanide may cause side effects like hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyperuricemia. 26 , 29 , 18 , 21 , 17 , 2 , 5 , 20 , 23

Research Differences

The effects and side effects of bumetanide might vary depending on the patients and the specific medical conditions being treated. 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

Some studies indicate bumetanide's diuretic effect is stronger and lasts longer than furosemide, while others suggest bumetanide may be less effective than furosemide in patients with chronic kidney disease. 26 , 29

Cautions for Real-Life Application

Bumetanide is used to treat a variety of medical conditions, but it's important to remember that it carries a risk of side effects. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

Always follow your doctor's instructions when taking bumetanide. Do not stop or change your dosage without their guidance. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any unusual or concerning symptoms while taking bumetanide. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

Limitations of Current Research

The research on bumetanide is still considered to be limited. 4 , 2 , 5

Larger clinical trials are needed, especially to determine the effectiveness of bumetanide in treating autism spectrum disorder. 4 , 2 , 5

Future Research Directions

Further research is required to examine the long-term safety and efficacy of bumetanide. 4 , 2 , 5

Research is also necessary to unravel the mechanisms by which bumetanide exerts its effects in various medical conditions. 4 , 2 , 5

Conclusion

Bumetanide is an effective diuretic medication, but it has the potential to cause side effects such as hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyperuricemia. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

If you are prescribed bumetanide, be sure to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and be aware of the potential side effects. 26 , 29 , 27 , 4 , 2 , 5

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Quantitative ototoxicity assessment
1
Autism symptom improvement
2
Treating ASD symptoms
3
ASD symptom reduction
4
Reduced autism severity
5
Reduced seizure duration
Reduced seizure frequency
6
Treat type II diabetes
7
Heart failure treatment
Improved control
8
Nocturia treatment
9
Ascites treatment
11
Reduced pulmonary pressure
12
Hypertension control
Sodium excretion
Urine output
13
High efficacy
Less influence on calciuresis
Longer half-life
No toxic side effects
14
Inhibition of Mg2+ efflux
15
Regulates cell swelling
16
Congestive heart failure treatment
17
Effective ascites and edema control
18
Improve health
Increase exercise capacity
Prolong life
19
Edema treatment
Hypertension treatment
20
Treat edema
21
Hypotensive effects
Minor side effects
No significant weight change
22
Diuretic effect
Edema treatment
23
Diuretic efficacy
24
Bumetanide efficacy
Furosemide efficacy
25
Good tolerance
Possible hypercalcemia treatment
Superior diuresis
26
Diuresis
27
Dope testing
28
Effective for renal failure
29
Diabetes insipidus treatment
Hypercalciuria treatment
Hypertension treatment
Oedema treatment
30
Risk Keywords
Ototoxicity
1
Side effects
3
Hypokalaemia
5
Edema
Fluid retention
7
Fluid overload
Hyponatremia
9
Diuretic side effects
Hypokalemia
11
Side effects
12
Cramps
Deafness
Muscle pain
Neurological lesions
Weakness
13
Slight inhibition of other transport pathways
15
Hypomagnesemia
Hyponatremia
Weight gain
17
Hyperuricemia
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Metabolic alkalosis
18
Blood glucose increase
Hyperuricaemia
Hypokalaemia
20
Audiological impairment
Muscle cramps
21
Electrolyte imbalance
Side effects
23
Electrolyte imbalance
24
Bumetanide side effects
Furosemide side effects
25
Increased uric acid excretion
26
Muscle pain and stiffness
29
Carbohydrate tolerance disturbance
Electrolyte imbalances
30
Literature analysis of 30 papers
Positive Content
28
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
5
0
0
11
30
2.

Bumetanide for autism: Open-label trial in six children.

Author: FernellElisabeth, GustafssonPeik, GillbergChristopher

Autism symptom improvement

Bumetanide, a diuretic agent, has been reported to improve core symptoms of autism in children. This pilot study aims to evaluate its effects before a larger randomized controlled trial.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Bumetanide Therapeutic Effect in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review Study.

Author: MollajaniRaheleh, JoghataeiMohamad Taghi, Tehrani-DoostMehdi

Treating ASD symptoms
Side effects

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex condition with no cure, but bumetanide, a loop diuretic, has been studied as a potential treatment. This article reviews the evidence on bumetanide's efficacy in treating core symptoms of ASD and its potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

Symptom improvement in children with autism spectrum disorder following bumetanide administration is associated with decreased GABA/glutamate ratios.

Author: ZhangLingli, HuangChu-Chung, DaiYuan, LuoQiang, JiYiting, WangKai, DengShining, YuJuehua, XuMingyu, DuXiujuan, TangYun, ShenChun, FengJianfeng, SahakianBarbara J, LinChing-Po, LiFei

ASD symptom reduction

Bumetanide, a diuretic, effectively reduced symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in young children and was associated with a decrease in GABA/Glx ratios in the brain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

A randomised controlled trial of bumetanide in the treatment of autism in children.

Author: LemonnierE, DegrezC, PhelepM, TyzioR, JosseF, GrandgeorgeM, HadjikhaniN, Ben-AriY

Reduced autism severity
Hypokalaemia

This study investigated the effectiveness of bumetanide, a diuretic, in treating autism. Bumetanide reduced autism symptoms in a double-blind clinical trial involving 60 children.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Video-Audio MediaMedia that combines video and audio. Includes movies, TV shows, and online videos.

Language : English

6.

Decreased seizure activity in a human neonate treated with bumetanide, an inhibitor of the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter NKCC1.

Author: KahleKristopher T, BarnettSarah M, SassowerKenneth C, StaleyKevin J

Reduced seizure duration
Reduced seizure frequency

Bumetanide, a diuretic that inhibits NKCC1, showed promising antiepileptic effects in a neonate with intractable multifocal seizures, suggesting its potential for treating neonatal seizures.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Rosiglitazone activates renal sodium- and water-reabsorptive pathways and lowers blood pressure in normal rats.

Author: SongJian, KnepperMark A, HuXinqun, VerbalisJoseph G, EcelbargerCarolyn A

Treat type II diabetes
Edema
Fluid retention

Rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist used in the treatment of type II diabetes, was found to decrease mean arterial blood pressure and increase renal tubule transporter abundance in rats. These findings suggest that both increased renal tubule transporter abundance and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate contribute to the sodium retention observed with rosiglitazone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

8.

Effect of short-term treatment with bumetanide, quinapril and low-sodium diet on dogs with moderate congestive heart failure.

Author: Martinez-AlcaineM A, YnarajaE, CorberaJ A, MontoyaJ A

Heart failure treatment
Improved control

Bumetanide, quinapril, and a low-sodium diet were safe and effective in treating moderate congestive heart failure in dogs. A prospective study involving 32 dogs with mitral valve disease found that this combination therapy significantly improved clinical signs and was well-tolerated. No major side effects were observed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Fluid balance therapy of nocturia in women.

Author: ReynardJ

Nocturia treatment
Fluid overload
Hyponatremia

Nocturia, excessive nighttime urination, is a common problem in elderly men and women. This study reviewed treatment options for nocturia, including fluid restriction, DDAVP, diuretics, and imipramine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Evidence for the involvement of K+ channels and K(+)-Cl- cotransport in the regulatory volume decrease of newborn rat cardiomyocytes.

Author: TaouilK, HannaertP

Three distinct ion transport mechanisms are involved in the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in newborn rat cardiomyocytes: (1) K+ and Cl-channels, (2) K(+)-Cl- cotransport, and (3) Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- co-transport.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Loop diuretic therapy in liver cirrhosis with ascites.

Author: LaffiG, La VillaG, CarloniV, FoschiM, BartolettiL, QuartiniM, GentiliniP

Ascites treatment
Diuretic side effects
Hypokalemia

Aldosterone antagonists are the first-choice drugs for medical treatment of ascites, as they are more effective than furosemide. Loop diuretics potentiate the effects of aldosterone antagonists. Diuretics can cause side effects, including prerenal azotemia, hepatic encephalopathy, and electrolyte and acid-base disorders.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

12.

[Loop-diuretics anno 1992. Mechanisms of effect and current therapeutic principles].

Author: BergK J

Reduced pulmonary pressure
Side effects

Loop-diuretics are potent diuretic agents that inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl(-) -cotransport system in the thick ascending loop of Henle. They also increase production of prostaglandins and reduce pulmonary capillary pressure. They are first-line drugs for heart failure.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Norwegian

14.

The efficacy of diuretics in acute and chronic renal failure. Focus on torasemide.

Author: RislerT, KrämerB, MüllerG A

High efficacy
Less influence on calciuresis
Longer half-life
No toxic side effects

Loop diuretics are the drugs of choice in the treatment of acute and chronic renal failure. Torasemide is a new loop diuretic that is as potent as furosemide but has a longer half-life and does not accumulate in renal failure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

An open comparative study of two diuretic combinations, frusemide/amiloride ('Frumil') and bumetanide/potassium chloride ('Burinex' K), in the treatment of congestive cardiac failure in hospital out-patients.

Author: RamsayF, CrawfordR J, AllmanS, BaileyR, MartinA

Congestive heart failure treatment
Hypomagnesemia
Hyponatremia
Weight gain

Both frusemide/amiloride and bumetanide/potassium chloride combinations were effective in treating congestive cardiac failure, with the former being better tolerated and more satisfactory to patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

18.

Treatment of fluid retention in cirrhosis: a comparison of bumetanide and frusemide.

Author: NicholsonG

Effective ascites and edema control
Hyperuricemia
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Metabolic alkalosis

Bumetanide and frusemide were equally effective in controlling ascites and edema in 9 out of 10 patients with cirrhosis and fluid overload. Both drugs caused minor side effects like hypokalaemia and hyperuricaemia, and some patients developed hypomagnesaemia and metabolic alkalosis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Cardiovascular drugs. Their pharmacology and use in horses.

Author: MuirW W, McGuirkS

Improve health
Increase exercise capacity
Prolong life

This article reviews the use of drugs for heart disease in horses. Current treatments include antiarrhythmics, positive inotropes, and diuretics. Newer drugs need further research to determine their effectiveness in horses.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

Xipamide. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy.

Author: PrichardB N, BrogdenR N

Edema treatment
Hypertension treatment
Blood glucose increase
Hyperuricaemia
Hypokalaemia

Xipamide is a diuretic comparable to other diuretics in treating mild to moderate hypertension and edema. It combines the efficacy of frusemide with a less abrupt action.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

Bumetanide. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use.

Author: WardA, HeelR C

Treat edema
Audiological impairment
Muscle cramps

Bumetanide is a potent diuretic effective for various edema conditions. It's 40 times stronger than furosemide, except for potassium excretion. Bumetanide effectively reduced edema, body weight, and abdominal girth. It's a good alternative to furosemide, especially in renal disease.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

22.

Comparison of the hypotensive effects of bendrofluazide, bumetanide and xipamide.

Author: GabrielR

Hypotensive effects
Minor side effects
No significant weight change

Xipamide is the most effective diuretic for reducing blood pressure in elderly patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy, and adverse effects of bumetanide, a new "loop" diuretic.

Author: FlamenbaumW, FriedmanR

Diuretic effect
Edema treatment
Electrolyte imbalance
Side effects

Bumetanide, a loop diuretic, effectively treated edema due to cardiac, hepatic, and renal disease. It was effective even in patients with renal insufficiency and those refractory to other diuretics. Common side effects include hypokalemia, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperuricemia, and prerenal azotemia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

Intramuscular bumetanide and furosemide in congestive heart failure.

Author: AbramsJ

Diuretic efficacy
Electrolyte imbalance

Bumetanide and furosemide were both effective diuretics for congestive heart failure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

25.

Clinical use of diuretics in congestive heart failure.

Author: HutcheonD, VincentM E, SandhuR S

Bumetanide efficacy
Furosemide efficacy
Bumetanide side effects
Furosemide side effects

Both bumetanide and furosemide were effective in reducing edema and relieving heart failure symptoms.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

[Acute effects of bumetanide in healthy subjects. A comparative study with furosemide (author's transl)].

Author: Ortź GonzálezA, Méndez MartinA

Good tolerance
Possible hypercalcemia treatment
Superior diuresis
Increased uric acid excretion

Bumetanide is more effective than furosemide in treating diuresis. The effectiveness of bumetanide is about 15 percent superior to that of furosemide. Bumetanide may have a therapeutic usefulness for patients with hypercalcemia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Spanish

27.

Bumetanide in heart failure in infancy.

Author: WardO C, LamL K

Diuresis

Bumetanide was effective as a diuretic in infants with congenital heart disease and cardiac failure. It was safe and well-tolerated.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

28.

Use of bumetanide, a potent diuretic, to obtain urinary samples for dope testing in horses.

Author: FreyH H, FitzekA, WintzerH J, BaumgärtelE

Dope testing

Bumetanide, a potent diuretic, was found to be effective in obtaining urinary samples for dope testing of trotters within the first hour after the race.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

29.

Diuretic action of bumetanide in advanced chronic renal insufficiency.

Author: BergK J, TromsdalA, WideroeT E

Effective for renal failure
Muscle pain and stiffness

Bumetanide, a potent diuretic, effectively increased water and sodium excretion in 12 patients with severe chronic renal failure, with side effects including muscle pain and stiffness at higher doses.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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