Effective treatment of carbohydrates: A Synthesis of Findings from 23 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Several studies have investigated effective treatments using carbohydrates. For example, 1 examined the efficacy of oral carbohydrates in treating mild hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID). This study suggests that the 15g of carbohydrates every 15 minutes recommended by traditional hypoglycemia management guidelines may be excessive for patients using AID.

Meanwhile, systematically reviewed the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets in treating type 2 diabetes, suggesting that low-carbohydrate diets may be effective in treating type 2 diabetes regardless of energy intake.

2 reports the development of glyco-modified Pt(IV) prodrugs as a novel anticancer agent specifically targeting cancer cells. The study suggests the possibility of enhancing selectivity for cancer cells by modifying the coordination sphere of the metallic center with vectors such as monosaccharides, which have receptors overexpressed on the tumor cell membrane.

explores the use of microbially accessible and fermentable carbohydrates or butyrate as a supportive treatment for patients with Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study suggests the potential of these substances in treating viral infections. Further, 5 proposes a novel method of converting carbohydrates in biomass into semiconductive hydrothermal carbonization carbon (HTCC) for environmental remediation. HTCC generates photoexcited electrons, holes, and hydroxyl radicals under solar light illumination, which can be utilized for photocatalytic treatment such as water disinfection and organic pollutant degradation.

4 investigates the impact of hydrothermal treatment on the structural modification of specific carbohydrates in brewer's spent grain and the formation of degradation products using model compounds. The study suggests that hydrothermal treatment could be an environmentally friendly technology for extracting valuable carbohydrates from brewer's spent grain, contributing to a healthy diet.

treatmentまとめ

These studies suggest the potential of carbohydrates in treating various conditions. For example, 1 examined the efficacy of oral carbohydrates in treating mild hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID). This study suggests that the 15g of carbohydrates every 15 minutes recommended by traditional hypoglycemia management guidelines may be excessive for patients using AID.

systematically reviewed the effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets in treating type 2 diabetes, suggesting that low-carbohydrate diets may be effective in treating type 2 diabetes regardless of energy intake.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Carbohydrates can potentially offer various benefits, including treating hypoglycemia, treating type 2 diabetes, targeted cancer cell therapy, treating viral infections, and environmental remediation.

Risk Summary

Consuming carbohydrates poses potential risks like blood sugar spikes, obesity, and periodontal disease. Certain carbohydrates may also exacerbate specific conditions. For instance, 7 suggests that replacing saturated fatty acids with carbohydrates, particularly sugar, could worsen cardiovascular disease risk.

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities Between Studies

These studies suggest the potential of carbohydrates to play a vital role in various fields, including treatment and prevention of various conditions, and addressing environmental concerns. Moreover, these studies imply that the effects of carbohydrates can vary based on factors like intake amount, type, timing, and individual condition.

Differences Between Studies

These studies differ in the conditions investigated, research methodologies employed, and targeted populations. Therefore, directly comparing their findings is challenging. However, these studies suggest that the effects of carbohydrates can vary based on factors like the condition targeted, research methods used, and the population studied.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

The results from these studies don't always present consistent findings regarding the effects of carbohydrates. For instance, 1 examined the efficacy of oral carbohydrates in treating mild hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID). This study suggests that the 15g of carbohydrates every 15 minutes recommended by traditional hypoglycemia management guidelines may be excessive for patients using AID. Conversely, 7 suggests that replacing saturated fatty acids with carbohydrates, particularly sugar, could worsen cardiovascular disease risk. These study results imply that the effects of carbohydrates can vary based on factors like intake amount, type, timing, and individual condition.

Implications for Real-World Application

The effects of carbohydrates can vary based on factors like intake amount, type, timing, and individual condition. Therefore, when using carbohydrates for therapeutic purposes, it is essential to consider individual circumstances and determine the appropriate intake amount, type, and timing. Additionally, the risks associated with carbohydrate intake, including blood sugar spikes, obesity, and periodontal disease, must be considered. Carbohydrate consumption should be carefully managed keeping these risks in mind.

Limitations of Current Research

As these studies have limited scope in terms of conditions investigated, research methodologies employed, and targeted populations, generalizing the results is difficult. Furthermore, these studies did not evaluate the long-term effects of carbohydrates. Further research is required to understand the long-term effects of carbohydrates.

Future Research Directions

To gain a deeper understanding of the effects of carbohydrates, further research is required encompassing diverse conditions, research methodologies, and targeted populations. Studies examining the long-term effects of carbohydrates and the relationship between carbohydrate intake and overall health are also needed.

Conclusion

Carbohydrates may play a role in treating and preventing various conditions and could contribute to solving environmental issues. However, the effects of carbohydrates can vary based on factors like intake amount, type, timing, and individual condition. When using carbohydrates for therapeutic purposes, it is essential to consider individual circumstances and determine the appropriate intake amount, type, and timing. Additionally, the risks associated with carbohydrate intake, including blood sugar spikes, obesity, and periodontal disease, must be considered. Carbohydrate consumption should be carefully managed keeping these risks in mind. Furthermore, further research is required to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of carbohydrates across diverse conditions, research methodologies, and targeted populations.

treatmentの一覧

Hypoglycemia treatment, Type 2 diabetes treatment, Targeted cancer cell therapy, Treatment of viral infections, Environmental remediation

Literature analysis of 23 papers
Positive Content
21
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
0
Article Type
1
0
0
1
23
2.

Click Pt(IV)-Carbohydrates Pro-Drugs for Treatment of Osteosarcoma.

Author: MoynihanEoin, BassiGiada, RuffiniAndrea, PanseriSilvia, MontesiMonica, Velasco-TorrijosTrinidad, MontagnerDiego

Cancer cell selectivity
Osteosarcoma treatment

To enhance the selectivity of cisplatin, a commonly used anticancer drug, against cancer cells, four novel glyco-modified Pt(IV) pro-drugs were synthesized. These pro-drugs showed promising activity against osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines, including cancer stem cells.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Colorimetric measurement of carbohydrates in biological wastewater treatment systems: A critical evaluation.

Author: LeChencheng, StuckeyDavid C

Wastewater treatment
Assay interference

This study found that commonly used colorimetric methods for measuring carbohydrates in wastewater are unreliable and can significantly underestimate or overestimate the actual carbohydrate content. A new analytical method is needed to accurately determine carbohydrate levels in wastewater.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Saturated Fats Versus Polyunsaturated Fats Versus Carbohydrates for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment.

Author: Siri-TarinoPatty W, ChiuSally, BergeronNathalie, KraussRonald M

Heart-healthy eating
Reduced CVD risk
Worsening CVD risk

The review discussed the effects of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, emphasizing the importance of considering the replacement nutrients and food matrices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

5-HMF and carbohydrates content in stingless bee honey by CE before and after thermal treatment.

Author: BilucaFabíola C, Della BettaFabiana, de OliveiraGabriela Pirassol, PereiraLais Morilla, GonzagaLuciano Valdemiro, CostaAna Carolina Oliveira, FettRoseane

Stingless bee honey shelf life

Stingless bee honey, when compared to Apis mellifera honey, shows lower 5-HMF content after thermal treatment, suggesting that a high-temperature, short-duration thermal treatment could be effective in extending shelf life without significantly impacting the honey’s quality.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Efficient fractionation of spruce by SO(2)-ethanol-water treatment: closed mass balances for carbohydrates and sulfur.

Author: IakovlevMikhail, van HeiningenAdriaan

Renewable fuel production

This study examined the ability of SO(2)-ethanol-water (SEW) lignocellulosic fractionation to separate wood components and recover SO(2) and ethanol from the spent fractionation liquid.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Effect of a milling pre-treatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrates in brewer's spent grain.

Author: NiemiPiritta, FauldsCraig B, SibakovJuhani, HolopainenUlla, PoutanenKaisa, BuchertJohanna

Carbohydrate solubilisation
Chemical source
Energy source
Food source

Milling brewer's spent grain (BSG) before enzymatic hydrolysis improved carbohydrate solubilisation by 23% to 45%.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Production of carbohydrates, lignins, and minor components from triticale straw by hydrothermal treatment.

Author: PronykCarl, MazzaGiuseppe, TamakiYukihiro

Biomass fractionation

This study examines the effects of temperature and flow rate on the fractionation of triticale straw into different products using a flow-through pressurized low polarity water reactor.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Phloem sap and leaf delta13C, carbohydrates, and amino acid concentrations in Eucalyptus globulus change systematically according to flooding and water deficit treatment.

Author: MerchantAndrew, PeukeAndreas D, KeitelClaudia, MacfarlaneCraig, WarrenCharles R, AdamsMark A

Phloem function

This study investigated changes in phloem sap composition induced by water deficit and flooding in small woody plants. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of phloem sap to water availability changes and its role in signal, nutrient, and photoassimilate transduction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Inhibition of duck hepatitis B virus infection of liver cells by combined treatment with viral e antigen and carbohydrates.

Author: MaenzClaudia, LoscherChristine, IwanskiAlicja, BrunsMichael

DHBV replication inhibition

DHBV eAg was shown to strongly inhibit DHBV replication at de novo infection and was associated with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. These findings suggest that DHBe could play a role in maintaining viral persistence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Determination of proteins and carbohydrates in the effluents from wastewater treatment bioreactors using resonance light-scattering method.

Author: ZhangMeng-Lin, ShengGuo-Ping, YuHan-Qing

Protein and carbohydrate measurement

A sensitive method using resonance light-scattering was developed to determine low-concentration proteins and carbohydrates in wastewater treatment effluents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

The influence of treatment with dual purpose bacterial inoculants or soluble carbohydrates on the fermentation and aerobic stability of bermudagrass.

Author: AdesoganA T, KruegerN, SalawuM B, DeanD B, StaplesC R

Fermentation enhancement
Improved digestibility

This study found that bermudagrass silages treated with an inoculant (BB) and molasses were more digestible and fermented better than untreated silages. This resulted in higher quality silages that were stable for 6.9 days. The study also found that mixing BB with molasses or fibrolytic enzymes was not more beneficial than BB or molasses alone.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Oral rehydration solution containing a mixture of non-digestible carbohydrates in the treatment of acute diarrhea: a multicenter randomized placebo controlled study on behalf of the ESPGHAN working group on intestinal infections.

Author: HoekstraJ H, SzajewskaH, ZikriM Abu, Micetic-TurkD, WeizmanZ, PapadopoulouA, GuarinoA, DiasJ A, OostvogelsB

A mixture of non-digestible carbohydrates was ineffective as an adjunct to oral rehydration therapy in boys with acute non-cholera diarrhea with mild to moderate dehydration.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

17.

A therapeutic agent with oriented carbohydrates for treatment of infections by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Author: NishikawaKiyotaka, MatsuokaKoji, KitaEiji, OkabeNoriko, MizuguchiMasashi, HinoKumiko, MiyazawaShinobu, YamasakiChisato, AokiJunken, TakashimaSachio, YamakawaYoshio, NishijimaMasahiro, TerunumaDaiyo, KuzuharaHiroyoshi, NatoriYasuhiro

E. coli O157:H7 protection
Stx neutralization

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection can cause severe complications such as neurological damage and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. This study developed a new Stx neutralizer called SUPER TWIG, which binds to Stx and prevents it from entering cells. In mice, SUPER TWIG reduced brain damage and death from Stx exposure. It also protected mice from a lethal dose of E. coli O157:H7, even when administered after infection. SUPER TWIG is a promising therapeutic agent for Stx-producing E. coli infections.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia by two diets rich either in unsaturated fatty acids or in carbohydrates: effects on lipoprotein subclasses, lipolytic enzymes, lipid transfer proteins, insulin and leptin.

Author: PiekeB, von EckardsteinA, GülbahçeE, ChiraziA, SchulteH, AssmannG, WahrburgU

Improved blood lipids

This study compares the effects of high-fat and low-fat diets on blood lipids in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. The study aims to determine which dietary regimen is most suitable for treating high triglyceride levels, particularly in patients without obesity or alcohol abuse.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Treatment of ionic species in force-field calculations: sulfate and carboxylate groups in carbohydrates.

Author: FerroD R, PumiliaP, CassinariA, RagazziM

Ab initio computations were used to study the atomic charges of methylsulfate and N-methylsulfate anions. These charges were then inserted into a MM2-derived force-field, which accurately predicted the crystal structures of sulfated monosaccharides.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease.

Author: ShoemakerJ D, ElliottW H

Genetic metabolic defect diagnosis

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique was used to quantify 103 compounds in urine samples and confirm diagnoses of genetic metabolic defects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

21.

[Carbohydrates in the treatment of glycogenoses].

Author: HaydeM, WidhalmK

Avoid night feeding
Normal development
Individual response needed

Dietary treatment with raw cornstarch can effectively manage glycogen storage disease type 1 (GSD-1) by providing a slow release of glucose.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : German

22.

The search for an optimized treatment of hypoglycemia. Carbohydrates in tablets, solutin, or gel for the correction of insulin reactions.

Author: SlamaG, TraynardP Y, DesplanqueN, PudarH, DhunputhI, LetanouxM, BornetF R, TchobroutskyG

Effective hypoglycemia treatment
Glucose gel not recommended

Oral glucose or sucrose tablets or solutions are effective in correcting blood glucose levels and alleviating symptoms in moderately severe hypoglycemia.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Comparison of the effects of magnesium hydroxide and a bulk laxative on lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins A and E, and minerals in geriatric hospital patients in the treatment of constipation.

Author: KinnunenO, SalokannelJ

Improved glucose tolerance
Improved lipid profile
Improved uric acid levels
Hypomagnesemia

A crossover study compared the effects of magnesium hydroxide and a bulk laxative on elderly patients. Magnesium hydroxide was associated with a slight reduction in low values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high values of triglycerides, while both laxatives had no significant difference in plasma lipids, whole blood minerals, or vitamins A and E. Magnesium hydroxide may be beneficial in patients with magnesium deficiency due to diuretics.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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