Main Research Findings

Chickenpox is a contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is primarily spread through direct contact with the fluid from chickenpox blisters and respiratory droplets. The study reports the first fatal case of chickenpox in an immunocompetent child caused by the OKA/SK strain, a vaccine strain, given as a booster dose. The study also suggests that the OKA/SK strain may be associated with higher virulence due to a lack of certain genetic modifications that are present in other vaccine strains. 3 analyzes the number of cases of varicella and hospitalizations in a pediatric reference hospital in Brazil, highlighting the impact of the combined MMRV vaccine.

Reasons for Causes

Chickenpox is caused by infection with the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a human herpesvirus. VZV can be transmitted through direct contact with the fluid from chickenpox blisters and respiratory droplets.

Common Causes

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection

Chickenpox is caused by infection with the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). VZV is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact with vesicular skin lesions and respiratory droplets.

Immunodeficiency

People with immunodeficiency are at higher risk for severe chickenpox. Children with immunodeficiency may have reduced numbers of VZV-specific T cells, leading to severe chickenpox.

Vaccine-related

Even those who have been vaccinated against chickenpox may develop the disease. If the vaccine strain is not sufficiently attenuated, it can cause varicella-like rash or shingles. Also, side effects such as fever and rash may occur after vaccination. 4

Solutions for Causes

Vaccination

Vaccination is an effective way to prevent chickenpox. 4 Vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of developing chickenpox. 3

Antiviral drugs

If you develop chickenpox, antiviral drugs can be used to improve symptoms. Antiviral drugs can suppress the growth of VZV.

Immunosuppressants

People who use immunosuppressants are at higher risk for severe chickenpox. If you are using immunosuppressants, you should consult your doctor to discuss preventative measures for chickenpox.

Comparison Among Studies

Commonalities among Studies

Many studies confirm that chickenpox is caused by VZV infection. , , 3 , Also, it is clear that people with immunodeficiency and those who have been vaccinated are at higher risk for developing chickenpox. , , 4

Differences among Studies

Different studies have reported varying results in terms of chickenpox incidence, severity, and vaccine efficacy. 3 , This is likely due to differences in the study population’s region, age group, and methodology. 3 ,

Points to Note for Real-Life Application

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease. If you develop chickenpox symptoms, it is important to see a doctor immediately. Also, if you have not been vaccinated against chickenpox, you should consult with your doctor about getting vaccinated. 4 Handwashing and other hygiene practices are also important for preventing chickenpox.

Current Research Limitations

There is still not enough research on chickenpox. , , In particular, further research is needed on the severity of chickenpox and the effectiveness of vaccines. ,

Future Research Directions

There is a need to develop new treatments and preventive measures for chickenpox to prevent its severity. , Also, research is important to further enhance the effectiveness of chickenpox vaccines.

Conclusion

Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Vaccination is an effective way to prevent chickenpox. 4 If you develop chickenpox symptoms, it is important to see a doctor immediately.