Effective treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: A Synthesis of Findings from 51 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major research findings

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a severely disabling pain syndrome with no definite established treatment. 32

Exposure in vivo (EXP), a cognitive-behavioral treatment targeting pain-related fear, may be cost-effective for treating CRPS-I compared to pain-contingent physical therapy (PPT). 39

Bisphosphonates may be beneficial in treating CRPS-I patients with bone loss. 9 、 20

Gabapentin may be effective in treating neuropathic pain associated with CRPS-I. 6

Low-dose naltrexone may be a promising treatment option for patients with CRPS. 42

A combination of intravenous (IV) 20% mannitol and steroid with oral gabapentin is an acceptable and effective treatment for CRPS type 1. 18

Pamidronate may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 5

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG) may significantly reduce pain from longstanding CRPS. 24 、 34

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become common international practice for the treatment of CRPS as other therapies fail to provide adequate relief, quality of life, or improvement in function. 31 、 49

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is a promising treatment for CRPS. 35 、 16 、 25 、 13

Treatment Summary

Treatment options for CRPS are multi-faceted and encompass pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and neuromodulation. 19

Exposure therapy, a CBT-based approach targeting pain-related fear, may be an effective treatment for CRPS compared to traditional pain-focused physical therapy. 39

Bisphosphonates may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 9 、 20

Gabapentin may be effective in treating neuropathic pain associated with CRPS-I. 6

Low-dose naltrexone may be a promising treatment option for patients with CRPS. 42

Pamidronate may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 5

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG) may significantly reduce pain from longstanding CRPS. 24 、 34

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become common international practice for the treatment of CRPS as other therapies fail to provide adequate relief, quality of life, or improvement in function. 31 、 49

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is a promising treatment for CRPS. 35 、 16 、 25 、 13

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Treatment options for CRPS are multi-faceted and encompass pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and neuromodulation. 19

Exposure therapy, a CBT-based approach targeting pain-related fear, may be an effective treatment for CRPS compared to traditional pain-focused physical therapy. 39

Bisphosphonates may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 9 、 20

Gabapentin may be effective in treating neuropathic pain associated with CRPS-I. 6

Low-dose naltrexone may be a promising treatment option for patients with CRPS. 42

Pamidronate may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 5

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG) may significantly reduce pain from longstanding CRPS. 24 、 34

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become common international practice for the treatment of CRPS as other therapies fail to provide adequate relief, quality of life, or improvement in function. 31 、 49

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is a promising treatment for CRPS. 35 、 16 、 25 、 13

Risks Summary

Treatment options for CRPS are multi-faceted and encompass pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and neuromodulation. 19

Exposure therapy, a CBT-based approach targeting pain-related fear, may be an effective treatment for CRPS compared to traditional pain-focused physical therapy. 39

Bisphosphonates may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 9 、 20

Gabapentin may be effective in treating neuropathic pain associated with CRPS-I. 6

Low-dose naltrexone may be a promising treatment option for patients with CRPS. 42

Pamidronate may be effective in treating CRPS-I. 5

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG) may significantly reduce pain from longstanding CRPS. 24 、 34

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has become common international practice for the treatment of CRPS as other therapies fail to provide adequate relief, quality of life, or improvement in function. 31 、 49

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is a promising treatment for CRPS. 35 、 16 、 25 、 13

Comparison of Studies

Similarities

Many studies agree that treatment approaches for CRPS are multifaceted, combining pharmacological, physical, and neuromodulation methods. 19

Differences

The efficacy of specific treatments for CRPS and their effectiveness vary across studies. For instance, some studies find bisphosphonates beneficial, while others demonstrate limited efficacy. 9 、 20

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Research on CRPS treatments doesn't always yield consistent findings. For example, the effectiveness of bisphosphonates varies across different studies. 9 、 20

CRPS treatment can be highly individualized, and finding an effective treatment might involve trying multiple approaches. 19

Considerations for Practical Application

CRPS treatment can be highly individualized, and finding an effective treatment might involve trying multiple approaches. 19

Consultation and treatment under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional is crucial for managing CRPS. 19

Limitations of Current Research

Research on CRPS treatments is still inadequate, particularly in the area of large-scale randomized controlled trials. 19

Future Research Directions

To establish effective treatments for CRPS, further research, including larger randomized controlled trials, is needed. 19

Research into the underlying mechanisms of CRPS and the development of personalized treatment approaches are also critical. 19

Conclusion

CRPS is a debilitating pain disorder with no definitive established treatment. Research is ongoing to find effective treatments, but currently, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. 32

Consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and management of CRPS. 19

Further research into CRPS mechanisms and personalized treatment approaches holds great promise for improving the lives of those affected by this complex condition. 19

Treatment List

Exposure therapy

Bisphosphonates

Gabapentin

Low-dose naltrexone

Pamidronate

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (IVIG)

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS)

Ketamine

Dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRGS)

Local lidocaine injections

Oral citalopram

Prednisolone

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Improved outcome
1
Improved function
Reduced pain
2
Complex regional pain syndrome treatment
4
Improved disease severity
Improved pain
Improved physical function
5
CRPS I treatment
6
Improved function
Reduced pain
7
Improved CRPS-I treatment
8
Bone loss prevention
Pain reduction
9
Improved upper limb function
Reduced pain
10
Improved sympathetic symptoms
Reduced pain
11
CRPS treatment
12
Enhanced understanding of pain relief
13
CRPS treatment
14
CRPS treatment
Edema reduction
Pain relief
15
Promising treatment for CRPS
16
Pain exposure therapy
17
Treatment of CRPS type 1
18
Treatment of CRPS
19
CRPS-I treatment
20
Pain relief
21
Pain relief
22
CRPS treatment
23
CRPS treatment
24
Ketamine CRPS
25
CPRS I treatment
26
CRPS treatment
27
Improved AROM
28
IV bisphosphonates for CRPS
IV immunoglobulin for CRPS
IV ketamine for CRPS
IV lidocaine for CRPS
29
CRPS treatment
30
CRPS treatment
31
CRPS Type 1 treatment
32
Simultaneous surgery
33
CRPS treatment
Ketamine efficacy
35
CRPS treatment
RCT evidence
36
CRPS treatment
37
CRPS pain relief
38
Improved quality of life
Reduced healthcare costs
39
CRPS type I prevention
40
Chronic pain treatment
41
Low-dose naltrexone for chronic pain
42
CRPS symptom control
Effective at low dose
43
CRPS management
44
Pharmacological approaches for CRPS-I
45
CRPS treatment
46
CRPS treatment
47
CRPS treatment
48
CRPS treatment
49
CRPS treatment
50
CRPS treatment
51
Risk Keywords
Recurrent episodes
2
Controversy on effectiveness
3
Chronic complex regional pain syndrome-Type I
8
Craniotomy complications
11
Sympathetic nervous system disruption
21
Ketamine evidence weak
25
CRPS risk
33
ineffective treatment
34
Limited evidence
37
Not applicable
39
Minor side effects
43
Literature analysis of 51 papers
Positive Content
47
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
4
Article Type
25
10
24
18
50
1.

[Comparison of manual lymph drainage with physical therapy in complex regional pain syndrome, type I. A comparative randomized controlled therapy study].

Author: UherE M, VacariuG, SchneiderB, FialkaV

Improved outcome

This study compared the effectiveness of exercise alone versus exercise combined with manual lymph drainage in treating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I in 35 patients. Both treatment groups showed significant improvements in pain, swelling, temperature, and range of motion. However, there was no significant difference between the groups, suggesting that manual lymph drainage did not offer an additional benefit when combined with intensive exercise. While the group receiving lymph drainage showed a trend towards greater pain reduction, this difference was not statistically significant.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

2.

Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment for complex regional pain syndromes.

Author: LeeBenjamin H, ScharffLisa, SethnaNavil F, McCarthyClaire F, Scott-SutherlandJennifer, SheaAlice M, SullivanPenny, MeierPetra, ZurakowskiDavid, MasekBruce J, BerdeCharles B

Improved function
Reduced pain
Recurrent episodes

Physical therapy and cognitive-behavioral treatment are effective in reducing pain and improving function in children and adolescents with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). While most patients showed improvement after treatment, 50% reported recurrent episodes and 10% eventually received sympathetic blockade.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

3.

Defining the therapeutic role of local anesthetic sympathetic blockade in complex regional pain syndrome: a narrative and systematic review.

Author: CepedaM Soledad, LauJoseph, CarrDaniel B

Controversy on effectiveness

This study examined the effectiveness of blocking the sympathetic nervous system with local anesthetic in treating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The study also reviews the underlying causes of CRPS and other available treatments.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

The efficiency of electromagnetic field treatment in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I.

Author: DurmusAbubekir, CakmakAysegul, DisciRian, MuslumanogluLutfiye

Complex regional pain syndrome treatment

Electromagnetic field treatment does not provide additional benefit to calcitonin and exercise treatment for patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Efficacy of pamidronate in complex regional pain syndrome type I.

Author: RobinsonJohn N, SandomJenny, ChapmanPeter T

Improved disease severity
Improved pain
Improved physical function

Pamidronate may be a useful treatment option in the management of patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type I. Although treatment response was variable, the majority of patients improved. Early administration in tandem with other treatment measures is recommended.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

Randomised controlled trial of gabapentin in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 [ISRCTN84121379].

Author: van de VusseAnton C, Stomp-van den BergSuzanne G M, KesselsAlfons H F, WeberWim E J

CRPS I treatment

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS I) is a painful condition that affects a limb and can be very disabling. Pain that is caused by nerve damage is a common symptom and difficult to treat. Gabapentin is a medication used for seizures that has also been found to reduce pain related to nerve damage. This study investigated the effectiveness of gabapentin in treating pain in people with CRPS I.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Effect of spinal cord stimulation for chronic complex regional pain syndrome Type I: five-year final follow-up of patients in a randomized controlled trial.

Author: KemlerMarius A, de VetHenrica C W, BarendseGerard A M, van den WildenbergFrans A J M, van KleefMaarten

Improved CRPS-I treatment
Chronic complex regional pain syndrome-Type I

Chronic complex regional pain syndrome-Type I (CRPS-I) is a painful and disabling condition with no proven effective treatment. This study examined the long-term (5-year) effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in reducing pain related to CRPS-I.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Biphosphonates for the therapy of complex regional pain syndrome I--systematic review.

Author: BrunnerFlorian, SchmidAnnina, KisslingRudolf, HeldUlrike, BachmannLucas M

Bone loss prevention
Pain reduction

A systematic review was conducted to assess the benefit of bisphosphonates in the treatment of CRPS I patients with bone loss.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Mirror therapy in complex regional pain syndrome type 1 of the upper limb in stroke patients.

Author: CacchioAngelo, De BlasisElisabetta, De BlasisVincenzo, SantilliValter, SpaccaGiorgio

Improved upper limb function
Reduced pain

Mirror therapy effectively reduced pain and enhanced upper limb motor function in stroke patients with upper limb complex regional pain syndrome type 1.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

11.

Motor cortex electrical stimulation applied to patients with complex regional pain syndrome.

Author: VelascoFrancisco, Carrillo-RuizJosé D, CastroGuillermo, ArgüellesCarlos, VelascoAna L, KassianAlicia, GuevaraUriah

Improved sympathetic symptoms
Reduced pain
Craniotomy complications

This study analyzed the efficacy of motor cortex stimulation (MCS) in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of the complex regional pain syndrome: a randomized trial.

Author: GoebelAndreas, BaranowskiAndrew, MaurerKonrad, GhiaiArtemis, McCabeCandy, AmblerGareth

CRPS treatment

Treating long-standing complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is challenging and often ineffective. Early research suggests that the immune system may play a role in maintaining CRPS. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) at a low dose may significantly reduce pain in some patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ketamine-induced pain relief of chronic pain.

Author: DahanAlbert, OlofsenErik, SigtermansMarnix, NoppersIngeborg, NiestersMarieke, AartsLeon, BauerMartin, SartonElise

Enhanced understanding of pain relief

This pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling study examined the effect of S(+)-ketamine on pain scores in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

[Evaluation of low level laser and interferential current in the therapy of complex regional pain syndrome by infrared thermographic camera].

Author: KocićMirjana, LazovićMilica, DimitrijevićIrena, MancićDragan, StankovićAnita

CRPS treatment

This study used thermal imaging (thermovision) to compare the effects of low-level laser therapy and interferential current therapy for treating complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I), a condition characterized by persistent regional pain that is disproportionate to the injury that caused it.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Serbian

15.

Intravenous regional ketorolac and lidocaine in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome of the lower extremity: a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study.

Author: EckmannMaxim Savillion, RamamurthySomayaji, GriffinJames G

CRPS treatment
Edema reduction
Pain relief

This is the first controlled study examining the effectiveness of intravenous regional blocks (IVRBs) with ketorolac and lidocaine in treating pain and edema in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the lower extremity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

16.

Efficacy and safety of ketamine in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: a systematic review.

Author: AzariPari, LindsayDavid R, BrionesDean, ClarkeCollin, BuchheitThomas, PyatiSrinivas

Promising treatment for CRPS

Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist, shows promise as a treatment for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) by potentially altering central sensitization. This review summarizes the available evidence on ketamine's efficacy and safety in CRPS management.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

17.

The effectiveness and cost evaluation of pain exposure physical therapy and conventional therapy in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial.

Author: BarnhoornKarlijn J, OostendorpRob A B, van DongenRobert T M, KlompFrank P, SamwelHan, van der WiltGert Jan, AdangEddy, GroenewoudHans, van de MeentHenk, FrölkeJan Paul M

Pain exposure therapy

Pain Exposure Physical Therapy is a new, potentially effective treatment for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 that has been evaluated in both retrospective and prospective studies.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

18.

Four treatment strategies for complex regional pain syndrome type 1.

Author: LeeSang Ki, YangDae Suk, LeeJae Won, ChoyWon Sik

Treatment of CRPS type 1

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a difficult condition to treat. This study compared four different treatments: oral NSAIDs, oral gabapentin, intravenous mannitol and steroids, and a combination of intravenous mannitol and steroids with oral gabapentin. The combination therapy showed the best results in reducing pain, improving range of motion, and increasing grip strength.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published from June 2000 to February 2012.

Author: CossinsL, OkellR W, CameronH, SimpsonB, PooleH M, GoebelA

Treatment of CRPS

This review of clinical trials from 2000 to 2012 for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) found evidence supporting the effectiveness of 10 treatments, including bisphosphonates, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and graded motor imagery. However, the review also identified 15 treatments that were found to be ineffective. The small size and short follow-up periods of many trials make it difficult to draw firm conclusions about the usefulness of most treatments. Future research should focus on large, multi-center trials that investigate promising treatments for CRPS subgroups.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

20.

Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with neridronate: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: VarennaMassimo, AdamiSilvano, RossiniMaurizio, GattiDavide, IdolazziLuca, ZucchiFrancesca, MalavoltaNazzarena, SinigagliaLuigi

CRPS-I treatment

Neridronate, an amino-bisphosphonate, may be effective in treating Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type I (CRPS-I).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Cervico-thoracic or lumbar sympathectomy for neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndrome.

Author: StraubeSebastian, DerrySheena, MooreR Andrew, ColePeter

Pain relief
Sympathetic nervous system disruption

This review examines the use of sympathetic nerve blockades in treating neuropathic pain syndromes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

22.

Complex regional pain syndrome type I of the knee: a systematic literature review.

Author: van BusselC M, StronksD L, HuygenF J P M

Pain relief

This study investigates the existence and treatment strategies for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I affecting only the knee(s). Based on a review of 368 patients reported in 31 relevant articles, arthroscopic knee surgery is commonly cited as the inciting event for CRPS of the knee(s). Various treatment strategies have been used with variable outcomes. The study recommends further research on the causes and optimal treatment for CRPS of the knee.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

23.

Short-term treatment with parecoxib for complex regional pain syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial.

Author: BreuerAnna J, MainkaTina, HanselNora, MaierChristoph, KrumovaElena K

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by inflammation and heightened sensitivity to pain in the affected area. This study aims to see if a medication that blocks a specific type of inflammation (COX-2 inhibitor) can reduce pain sensitivity, pain intensity, and swelling in people with CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for complex regional pain syndrome (LIPS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: GoebelAndreas, ShenkerNicholas, PadfieldNick, ShoukreyKarim, McCabeCandida, SerpellMick, SandersMark, MurphyCaroline, EjibeAmaka, MilliganHolly, KellyJoanna, AmblerGareth

CRPS treatment

Chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is often difficult to treat with standard pain medications or other therapies. New treatment options are needed. Early research suggests that low-dose immunoglobulin treatment might significantly reduce pain in people with long-standing CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

A systematic review of ketamine for complex regional pain syndrome.

Author: ConnollySara B, PragerJoshua P, HardenR Norman

Ketamine CRPS
Ketamine evidence weak

This systematic review found that there is currently only weak evidence supporting the efficacy of ketamine for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). The authors recommend definitive studies to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine for CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

26.

The effect of upper-extremity aerobic exercise on complex regional pain syndrome type I: a randomized controlled study on subacute stroke.

Author: TopcuogluAsli, GokkayaNilufer Kutay Ordu, UcanHalil, KarakuşDilek

CPRS I treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) is a condition that causes widespread pain in a limb, often with swelling, changes in blood flow, and severe loss of function. Pain is a major symptom and is often difficult to treat.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

Invasive Management for Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Literature Review of Evidence.

Author: RodriguezManuel J, Fernandez-BaenaMariano, BarrosoAlex, YanezJose A

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a complex condition causing severe pain, often with swelling and other problems in the affected limb. While it's been underreported in children, it's even harder to treat in young people. There's a lack of research on effective treatments for children with CRPS, and successful treatment often requires a team approach. While there are various invasive treatments, limited research exists on their use in children.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

28.

Pain exposure physical therapy (PEPT) compared to conventional treatment in complex regional pain syndrome type 1: a randomised controlled trial.

Author: BarnhoornKarlijn J, van de MeentHenk, van DongenRobert T M, KlompFrank P, GroenewoudHans, SamwelHan, Nijhuis-van der SandenMaria W G, FrölkeJan Paul M, StaalJ Bart

Improved AROM

This randomized controlled trial compared the effectiveness of pain exposure physical therapy (PEPT) with conventional treatment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1). While both treatments showed clinically relevant improvements in pain, there was no significant difference between groups. Participants in the PEPT group experienced greater improvement in active range of motion. The per protocol analysis showed larger and significant between-group effects on several outcomes, suggesting that further research on PEPT is warranted.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

29.

Intravenous Therapies for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Author: XuJijun, YangJing, LinPeirong, RosenquistEllen, ChengJianguo

IV bisphosphonates for CRPS
IV immunoglobulin for CRPS
IV ketamine for CRPS
IV lidocaine for CRPS

This systematic review evaluated the evidence for intravenous (IV) therapies in the management of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), comparing their effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness to spinal cord stimulation and intrathecal targeted therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

30.

Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II.

Author: SmartKeith M, WandBenedict M, O'ConnellNeil E

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful condition that often develops after injury or surgery, causing severe pain and disability. While physical therapy is often recommended for CRPS, its effectiveness is unclear. There are two types of CRPS: type I, where a specific nerve problem hasn't been found, and type II, where a nerve problem is known.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

31.

A Comprehensive Outcome-Specific Review of the Use of Spinal Cord Stimulation for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Author: VisnjevacOgnjen, CostandiShrif, PatelBimal A, AzerGirgis, AgarwalPriya, BolashRobert, MekhailNagy A

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a very painful and disabling condition that is often difficult to treat. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is increasingly used as a treatment option when other therapies fail to provide adequate relief. This review examined the available evidence on the use of SCS for CRPS, focusing on the impact on patients' pain, quality of life, and ability to function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

32.

Bisphosphonates for treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials versus placebo.

Author: ChevreauMaxime, RomandXavier, GaudinPhilippe, JuvinRobert, BailletAthan

CRPS Type 1 treatment

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 is a debilitating condition with no proven treatment. This review examined research on using bisphosphonates, a type of medication, to treat pain and improve function in patients with this condition.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

33.

The Incidence of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Simultaneous Surgical Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Dupuytren Contracture.

Author: BullerMitchell, SchulzSteven, KasdanMorton, WilhelmiBradon J

Simultaneous surgery
CRPS risk

Adding carpal tunnel release to patients undergoing fasciectomy for Dupuytren contracture resulted in a marginal increase in the occurrence of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), indicating that no clear clinical risk is associated with simultaneous surgical treatment of both conditions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

34.

Low-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment for Long-Standing Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Trial.

Author: GoebelAndreas, BislaJatinder, CarganilloRoy, FrankBernhard, GuptaRima, KellyJoanna, McCabeCandy, MurphyCaroline, PadfieldNick, PhillipsCeri, SandersMark, SerpellMick, ShenkerNick, ShoukreyKarim, WyattLynne, AmblerGareth

ineffective treatment

Low-dose immunoglobulin treatment for 6 weeks was not effective in relieving pain in patients with moderate to severe CRPS of 1 to 5 years' duration. The study was inadequately powered to detect subgroup effects.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

35.

The Effect of Ketamine Infusion in the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: a Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.

Author: ZhaoJianli, WangYajing, WangDajie

CRPS treatment
Ketamine efficacy

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and disabling condition. While ketamine, an anesthetic medication, has been used for CRPS, evidence is growing to support its use for nerve pain, including CRPS. This study examines the effectiveness of ketamine for treating CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

36.

Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: an updated systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Author: DuongSilvia, BravoDaniela, ToddKeith J, FinlaysonRoderick J, TranDe Q

CRPS treatment
RCT evidence

While there are many treatments for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), the evidence supporting their effectiveness varies. This updated review critically examines the latest research from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CRPS treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

37.

Effectiveness of complex regional pain syndrome treatment: A systematic review.

Author: ŻylukAndrzej, PuchalskiPiotr

CRPS treatment
Limited evidence

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and disabling condition affecting an arm or leg, often after an injury. While many treatments have been investigated, there are few large studies to determine which treatments are most effective. This review examines the evidence from research on CRPS treatments, building on previous reviews from 1966 to 2016.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

38.

Mycophenolate for persistent complex regional pain syndrome, a parallel, open, randomised, proof of concept trial.

Author: GoebelAndreas, JacobAnu, FrankBernhard, SaccoPaul, AlexanderGuillermo, PhilipsCeri, BassettPaul, MootsRobert

CRPS pain relief

A study of patients with persistent complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) found that mycophenolate may be a feasible and effective treatment for CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

39.

EXPOSURE IN VIVO VERSUS PAIN-CONTINGENT PHYSICAL THERAPY IN COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME TYPE I: A COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS.

Author: den HollanderMarlies, HeijndersNoortje, de JongJeroen R, VlaeyenJohan W S, SmeetsRob J E M, GoossensMariëlle E J B

Improved quality of life
Reduced healthcare costs
Not applicable

Exposure in vivo (EXP), a cognitive-behavioral treatment for pain-related fear in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I, is more cost-effective than pain-contingent physical therapy. The initial higher cost of EXP is offset by long-term cost reduction for healthcare use and a tendency to lower work absenteeism and societal costs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

40.

Prospective randomized study of the vitamin C effect on pain and complex pain regional syndrome after total knee arthroplasty.

Author: JacquesHernigou, JérômeValcarenghi, AntoineCallewier, LucileSohm, ValérieDecottenier, AmandineLedoux, TheofylaktosKyriakidis, OlivierBath

CRPS type I prevention

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that can develop after an injury or surgery. While the exact cause isn't fully understood, there's no cure, making prevention important. This study will examine whether vitamin C can help prevent CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

41.

Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation for the Treatment of Non-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Related Chronic Pain Syndromes: A Systematic Review.

Author: StelterBradly, KarriJay, MaratheAnuj, Abd-ElsayedAlaa

Chronic pain treatment

This study characterizes the use and efficacy of dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRGS) for chronic pain syndromes other than complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

42.

Low-Dose Naltrexone Use for Patients with Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review.

Author: SoinAmol, SoinYasmeen, DannTammy, BuenaventuraRicardo, FergusonKris, AtluriSairam, SachdevaHarsh, SudarshanGururau, AkbikHumam, ItalianoJordan

Low-dose naltrexone for chronic pain

Low-dose naltrexone shows potential for treating chronic pain syndromes, including complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). A systematic review of 29 publications found that low-dose naltrexone was associated with symptom relief in patients with chronic pain, dystonia, and sleep disturbances. Further studies are needed to specifically evaluate the efficacy of low-dose naltrexone in CRPS patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

43.

Effectiveness of prednisolone in complex regional pain syndrome treatment: A systematic narrative review.

Author: KwakSang Gyu, ChooYoo Jin, ChangMin Cheol

CRPS symptom control
Effective at low dose
Minor side effects

Oral prednisolone may be effective in alleviating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) symptoms. However, more research with randomized controlled trials is needed to confirm this finding.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

44.

A randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of local lidocaine injections and oral citalopram for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome.

Author: FallicoNefer, PadmanabhanRahul, RahmanShakeel, SommaFrancesco, SpagnoliAnna Maria

CRPS management

This study evaluated the efficacy of a therapeutic protocol consisting of oral citalopram and lidocaine injections for treating complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The combined treatment was more effective than lidocaine alone or placebo in reducing CRPS severity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

45.

Pharmacological treatment in adult patients with CRPS-I: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: FassioAngelo, MantovaniAlessandro, GattiDavide, RossiniMaurizio, ViapianaOmbretta, GavioliIrene, BeniniCamilla, AdamiGiovanni

Pharmacological approaches for CRPS-I

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of various pharmacological approaches for treating complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) in adults.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

46.

Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II.

Author: SmartKeith M, FerraroMichael C, WandBenedict M, O'ConnellNeil E

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and debilitating condition that often develops after an injury or surgery. There are two types of CRPS, with or without a specific nerve injury. Guidelines recommend various physical therapy treatments as part of managing CRPS. This review updates previous research on this topic.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

47.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Practical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines, 5th Edition.

Author: HardenR Norman, McCabeCandida S, GoebelAndreas, MasseyMichael, SuvarTolga, GrieveSharon, BruehlStephen

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a challenging condition with limited research. This review, conducted by experts, examined existing research and found that while many studies had small numbers of participants and mixed quality, some promising treatments have emerged, including stimulating a specific nerve. Due to the rarity of the condition, larger studies are difficult to conduct, requiring researchers to include less rigorous studies. This review aims to help doctors treat patients with CRPS by using the best available evidence, even if it's limited, and tailoring treatment to each individual.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

48.

Glucocorticoid treatment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome: A systematic review.

Author: van den BergCorinne, de BreePim N, HuygenFrank J P M, TiemensmaJitske

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful condition that involves increased inflammation. This review will examine research on using corticosteroids, a type of anti-inflammatory medication, to treat CRPS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

49.

Parameters of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Author: HoElver, YazdanpanahNima, HoJohnson, DrukmanBenjamin, ChangAlvin, AgarwalSanjeev

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and debilitating condition that often follows an injury. While spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to help people with CRPS whose pain doesn't respond to other treatments, we need more research on the newest ways to use SCS.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

50.

Pain mechanisms in complex regional pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative sensory testing outcomes.

Author: SobeehMohamed Gomaa, HassanKarima Abdelaty, da SilvaAnabela Gonçalves, YoussefEnas Fawzy, FayazNadia Abdelazim, MohammedMaha Mostafa

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic and debilitating pain condition that often develops after an injury or surgery. This review will examine research on the sensory changes in CRPS, using a specific type of testing called quantitative sensory testing (QST), to better understand how pain develops and guide treatment.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

51.

Management of complex regional pain syndrome in trauma and orthopaedic surgery-a systematic review.

Author: SaedAbdel, Neal-SmithGreg, FernquestScott, Bourget-MurrayJonathan, WoodAlexander

CRPS treatment

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a difficult to diagnose and treat pain condition that often follows an injury. While past research suggested certain treatments, recent studies have challenged those findings. This review will summarize the latest research to help doctors make better treatment decisions for CRPS.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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