Side Effects of dexmethylphenidate: A Synthesis of Findings from 9 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Dexmethylphenidate (D-MPH) is a medication used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Several studies have shown that D-MPH may have an impact on visual function. 5 found that D-MPH significantly increased pupil diameter in subjects 1.5 hours after administration. There was also a positive correlation between complaints of blurred vision and pupil size changes. However, no significant changes were observed in visual acuity, convergence range, stereopsis, accommodation range, or anterior chamber measurements.

Meanwhile, 2 demonstrated that extended-release dexmethylphenidate capsules are effective in improving ADHD symptoms, with effects lasting up to 12 hours after dosing. The most common side effects reported in this study were decreased appetite and insomnia.

Reasons for Side Effects

D-MPH acts on the central nervous system, increasing the levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine. This improves ADHD symptoms, but it can also cause side effects such as pupil dilation, decreased appetite, and insomnia.

Common Side Effects

Pupil Dilation

5 found that D-MPH significantly increased pupil diameter in subjects 1.5 hours after administration. There was also a positive correlation between complaints of blurred vision and pupil size changes.

Decreased Appetite

2 found that decreased appetite was the most commonly reported side effect in subjects taking extended-release dexmethylphenidate capsules.

Insomnia

2 found that insomnia was the most commonly reported side effect in subjects taking extended-release dexmethylphenidate capsules.

Side Effect Management

Pupil Dilation

Pupil dilation due to D-MPH is usually temporary and resolves after discontinuing the medication. However, if you experience blurred vision, consult with your doctor.

Decreased Appetite

Decreased appetite due to D-MPH can be managed by being mindful of meal times and focusing on nutrient-rich foods. Snacks can also be helpful. Consulting with a dietitian can also be beneficial.

Insomnia

To manage insomnia caused by D-MPH, avoid caffeine and alcohol before bedtime. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is also important. If you need to take sleep medication, consult with your doctor.

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of D-MPH in treating ADHD symptoms. They have also reported side effects such as pupil dilation, decreased appetite, and insomnia.

Differences

5 focused on investigating the effects of D-MPH on visual function, while 2 examined the effectiveness and side effects of extended-release dexmethylphenidate capsules. These studies shed light on different aspects of D-MPH's effects and side effects.

Real-Life Application Considerations

D-MPH is an effective medication for treating ADHD, but it carries the risk of side effects. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions and adhere to proper dosage guidelines when taking D-MPH. If you experience any side effects, consult with your doctor immediately.

Current Research Limitations

Research on D-MPH side effects is still incomplete. Further research is particularly needed on long-term side effects.

Future Research Directions

Research on long-term side effects and prevention methods for D-MPH side effects is required. More detailed investigations into the effects of D-MPH on visual function are also necessary.

Conclusion

D-MPH is an effective medication for treating ADHD, but it carries the risk of side effects. When taking D-MPH, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions and adhere to proper dosage guidelines. If you experience any side effects, consult with your doctor immediately.

Literature analysis of 9 papers
Positive Content
6
Neutral Content
3
Negative Content
0
Article Type
1
0
0
2
8
2.

Dexmethylphenidate extended-release capsules for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Author: McGoughJames J, PatakiCaroly S, SuddathRobert

Improved ADHD symptoms
Increased convenience
Long-acting
Diminished appetite
Insomnia

This abstract discusses the increasing use of medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly extended-release stimulant preparations. It focuses on dexmethylphenidate extended release, a long-acting formulation of dexmethylphenidate, and highlights its efficacy and tolerability in treating ADHD symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

3.

Severe muscle pain and stiffness due to dexmethylphenidate.

Author: KonJacob J, KonAlexander A

ADHD treatment
Muscle pain
Muscle stiffness

Dexmethylphenidate, a medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can cause severe muscle pain and stiffness. This should be considered as a possible cause if a patient with ADHD develops these symptoms.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

5.

Short-Term Vision-Related Ocular Side Effects of Treatment with Dexmethylphenidate for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Author: FainbergGilad, LeitnerYael, ZurDinah, KleinAinat, Mezad-KourshDaphna

No significant changes in visual functions
Blurred vision
Pupil size change

This study investigated the short-term effect of dexmethylphenidate (D-MPH) on visual function in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The findings demonstrate a dose-dependent effect of D-MPH on pupil diameter and a correlation between complaints of blurred vision and pupil size change. However, no clinically significant differences in visual functions were found 1.5 hours after D-MPH administration.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Dose effects and comparative effectiveness of extended release dexmethylphenidate and mixed amphetamine salts.

Author: SteinMark A, WaldmanIrwin D, CharneyElizabeth, AryalSubhash, SableCraig, GruberReut, NewcornJeffrey H

Improved ADHD symptoms
Decreased appetite
Insomnia

Both extended-release dexmethylphenidate (ER d-MPH) and ER mixed amphetamine salts (ER MAS) were effective in reducing ADHD symptoms. Improvement in symptoms was strongly associated with increasing dose for both drugs. About 80% of patients showed reliable change on ADHD Rating Scale-IV at the highest dose level of each drug.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

The use of a laboratory school protocol to evaluate concepts about efficacy and side effects of new formulations of stimulant medications.

Author: SwansonJ M, LernerM, WigalT, SteinhoffK, GreenhillL, PosnerK, FreidJ, WigalS

Long-acting formulations
Once-a-day efficacy
Eating and sleeping side-effects

New long-acting formulations of methylphenidate and amphetamine provide long-acting efficacy for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents and adults: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Author: CorteseSamuele, AdamoNicoletta, Mohr-JensenChristina, HayesAdrian J, BhattiSahar, CarucciSara, Del GiovaneCinzia, AtkinsonLauren Z, BanaschewskiTobias, SimonoffEmily, ZuddasAlessandro, BarbuiCorrado, PurgatoMarianna, SteinhausenHans-Christoph, ShokranehFarhad, XiaJun, CiprianiAndrea, CoghillDavid,

ADHD treatment
Pharmacological treatment comparison

This planned network meta-analysis will rank pharmacological treatments for ADHD according to their efficacy and tolerability profiles. The analysis will integrate direct and indirect comparisons from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to provide a comprehensive overview of available treatment options.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Cancer-related fatigue: a review.

Author: CamposMaira Paschoin de Oliveira, HassanBenjamin Joseph, RiechelmannRachel, Del GiglioAuro

Improve functional capacity
Improve quality of life
Treat cancer-related fatigue

Cancer-related fatigue is a common and debilitating symptom that can significantly impact quality of life. This review discusses the diagnosis and treatment of cancer-related fatigue. It emphasizes the need for comprehensive assessment and individualized treatment plans, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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