Effects of ganciclovir: A Synthesis of Findings from 9 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Ganciclovir is a medication commonly used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, ganciclovir can cause side effects, including kidney problems and neurological issues. These studies investigated factors that may influence the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir.

One study found that ganciclovir, at clinically relevant concentrations, inhibited proliferation responses to CMV antigen and phytohemagglutinin in lymphocytes from healthy individuals by more than 50%. However, it did not affect the production of interleukin-2 or gamma interferon in response to these stimuli or cytotoxicity against CMV-infected, HLA-mismatched target cells. This indicates that ganciclovir inhibits lymphocyte functions that require lymphocyte proliferation but does not impact lymphocyte responses that do not require DNA synthesis. 4

Another study showed that ganciclovir crosses the human placenta and exhibits minimal toxicity to cultured rat fetal hepatocytes. 9

Furthermore, another study examined the effect of ganciclovir on the pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin-induced seizures in rats. It found that ganciclovir administration resulted in lower levels of levofloxacin in cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting an increased sensitivity of the central nervous system to levofloxacin-induced seizures when ganciclovir is present. 7

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Ganciclovir is effective for treating CMV infection. It is an important medication for treating CMV infection, particularly in immunocompromised patients and newborns with CMV infection.

Risk Summary

Ganciclovir can cause kidney problems and neurological side effects. Ganciclovir is contraindicated in pregnant women. Additionally, ganciclovir may cause adverse effects such as bone marrow suppression and immunosuppression.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

These studies investigated factors that might affect the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir. Different study designs and endpoints were employed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir across these studies.

Differences

These studies used different research designs and endpoints. For instance, one study conducted in vitro experiments to assess ganciclovir's impact on lymphocytes, while another study used in vitro experiments to evaluate ganciclovir's ability to cross the placenta. Additionally, another study employed a rat model to evaluate ganciclovir's effect on the pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin-induced seizures.

Consistency and Discrepancies in Results

These studies indicate that ganciclovir can cause kidney problems and neurological side effects. However, the data on the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir are limited.

Implications for Everyday Life

While ganciclovir is effective for treating CMV infection, it has the potential to cause significant side effects. It is crucial to follow your doctor's instructions when taking ganciclovir. If you experience any symptoms of side effects from ganciclovir, consult your doctor immediately.

Limitations of Current Research

These studies utilized different research designs and endpoints to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir, making it challenging to compare the results. Furthermore, these studies were conducted on a limited number of subjects. As such, it is unclear whether the findings can be generalized to other populations.

Future Research Directions

More research is necessary to further investigate the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir. These studies should examine factors such as ganciclovir's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, the side effects it may cause, the optimal dosage of ganciclovir, and resistance to ganciclovir. Such research should involve a larger number of subjects and be conducted over a longer period.

Conclusion

Ganciclovir is effective for treating CMV infection but can cause serious side effects. It is crucial to follow your doctor's instructions when taking ganciclovir. If you experience any symptoms of side effects from ganciclovir, consult your doctor immediately. More research is needed to further investigate the safety and efficacy of ganciclovir.

Literature analysis of 9 papers
Positive Content
7
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
3
0
0
0
9
1.

[Comparison of therapeutic effect of different doses of ganciclovir for neonatal congenital cytomegalovirus infection].

Author: HeXiao-Ri, ChenPing-Yang, WangTao, XieZong-De, HuJin-Tao, BoTao, GeJian-Fang

CMV infection
Side effects

This study compared the efficacy and side effects of relatively low and high doses of ganciclovir in the treatment of neonatal congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : Chinese

2.

[Bicyclol combined with ganciclovir for treatment of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis].

Author: LiuYan-Hong, JiaMei-Yun, LiangGui-Juan, GuanHai-Shan, YanAn-Ping

Liver recovery

Bicyclol combined with ganciclocir effectively reduced liver enzyme levels and bile acid levels in infants with cytomegalovirus hepatitis, promoting liver cell recovery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

3.

Effects of bicistronic lentiviral vector-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system on human lens epithelial cells.

Author: YangJin, LiuTian Jin, LuYi

Prevention of PCO

Lentivirus-mediated suicide gene therapy might be a feasible treatment strategy to prevent capsule opacification by killing lens epithelial cells.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Immunosuppressive effects of ganciclovir on in vitro lymphocyte responses.

Author: BowdenR A, DigelJ, ReedE C, MeyersJ D

Lymphocyte function inhibition

Ganciclovir, an antiviral drug, inhibited lymphocyte proliferation responses to cytomegalovirus antigen and phytohemagglutinin but did not affect other lymphocyte functions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

5.

Antiviral effects of foscarnet and ganciclovir therapy on human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis. Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group in collaboration with AIDS Clinical Trials Group.

Author:

CMV replication suppression
HIV replication suppression
Improved survival

Both foscarnet and ganciclovir suppressed circulating p24 antigen in HIV-positive patients, which was associated with improved survival.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

7.

Effects of acute renal failure and ganciclovir on the pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin-induced seizures in rats.

Author: IshiwataYasuyoshi, SonKishin, ItogaYoshie, YasuharaMasato

Seizures

This study investigated the effects of experimental renal failure and ganciclovir treatment on the pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin-induced seizures in rats. The study found that renal failure and ganciclovir increased the sensitivity of the central nervous system to levofloxacin-induced seizures.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

Ganciclovir transfer by human placenta and its effects on rat fetal cells.

Author: HendersonG I, HuZ Q, YangY, PerezT B, DeviB G, FrostoT A, SchenkerS

No fetal toxicity
Treats CMV infection

Ganciclovir, a drug used to treat cytomegalovirus infection, crosses the placenta passively and without metabolism. While it is concentrated initially at the maternal placental surface, the transfer into the fetal compartment is slow. In vitro studies on rat fetal hepatocytes showed no significant toxicity of ganciclovir at high concentrations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

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