Side Effects of hydromorphone rectal: A Synthesis of Findings from 5 Studies

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This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).

Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

The absolute bioavailability of hydromorphone after rectal administration was lower than after oral administration. 1

Rectal administration is a practical alternative to oral administration when oral route is difficult. 3

Oxymorphone was more potent and had a shorter duration of action after intramuscular injection compared to rectal administration. 5

Reasons for Side Effects

Hydromorphone is an opioid analgesic that can cause a range of side effects. The side effects depend on the mechanism of action of the drug, the route of administration, the dosage, and the patient's condition.

Common Side Effects

Constipation

Opioid analgesics can inhibit gastrointestinal motility and cause constipation. 4

Nausea and Vomiting

Opioid analgesics can cause nausea and vomiting. 4

Drowsiness

Opioid analgesics can cause drowsiness. 4

Confusion

Opioid analgesics can cause confusion. 4

Side Effect Management

Constipation

Preventing constipation requires adequate hydration and dietary fiber intake. Laxatives may also be helpful if needed. 4

Nausea and Vomiting

Anti-emetics can be effective in preventing nausea and vomiting. 4

Drowsiness

Preventing drowsiness requires caution when driving or operating machinery. Consulting with a physician to adjust the dosage may also be helpful. 4

Confusion

Confusion is a serious side effect and requires consultation with a physician. 4

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities

Several studies have reported that opioid analgesics, including hydromorphone, can cause side effects such as constipation, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and confusion.

Differences

The severity of side effects from opioid analgesics varies depending on the type of drug, route of administration, dosage, and patient's condition.

Implications for Daily Life

Opioid analgesics, including hydromorphone, are potent drugs with strong effects and potential side effects. It is important to take them as directed by your doctor.

Exercise caution when performing tasks that require concentration, such as driving or operating machinery, as drowsiness and confusion may occur.

Avoid alcohol as it can worsen side effects.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on side effects of opioid analgesics is still limited. Further research is needed, particularly on the long-term effects of these drugs.

Future Research Directions

Research is needed to clarify the long-term side effects of opioid analgesics, develop strategies to reduce side effects, and establish safe administration methods.

Conclusion

Opioid analgesics, including hydromorphone, are potent drugs with strong effects and potential side effects. It is important to take them as directed by your doctor and to be aware of potential side effects.

If you are concerned about side effects, consult your doctor.

Literature analysis of 5 papers

Positive Content

Neutral Content

Negative Content

Article Type

Randomized Controlled Trial0

Meta-Analysis0

Systematic Review0

Review2

Journal Article5

Absolute bioavailability of hydromorphone after peroral and rectal administration in humans: saliva/plasma ratio and clinical effects.

Author: RitschelW A, ParabP V, DensonD D, CoyleD E, GreggR V

Good bioavailability

Noninvasive technique

Side effects

The absolute bioavailability of hydromorphone was found to be 51.35 +/- 29.29% and 36.33 +/- 29.60% after peroral and rectal administration, respectively, in 8 healthy male subjects. Intravenous administration resulted in more side effects than rectal or peroral dosing. Saliva sampling was found to be a useful noninvasive technique for estimating hydromorphone's elimination half-life.

Language : English

Oral hydromorphone extended-release.

Author: GuayDavid R P

Pain management

Opioid side effects

Hydromorphone ER is a new oral opioid that is indicated for the management of moderate-to-severe pain in opioid-tolerant patients. This drug displays the expected opioid side effects, being comparable to oxycodone controlled-release. Dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with moderate hepatic impairment and moderate renal impairment.

Language : English

Pharmacokinetics of rectal drug administration, Part I. General considerations and clinical applications of centrally acting drugs.

Author: van HoogdalemE, de BoerA G, BreimerD D

Alternative to oral

Avoids first pass metabolism

Site and rate controlled delivery

Local irritation

Lower absorption

Rectal ulceration

The rectal route of drug administration can be a practical alternative to oral administration in some circumstances. The rate and extent of rectal drug absorption are often lower than with oral absorption, but this can be manipulated by coadministration of absorption-promoting agents.

Language : English

[Pharmacotherapy of cancer pain : 2. Use of opioids.].

Author: ChernyN I, PortenoyR K, RaberM, ZenzM

Chronic pain management

Side effects

Opioids are effective in treating chronic cancer pain, but they can cause side effects like constipation, nausea, vomiting, sedation, and confusion.

Language : German

A comparison of the analgesic effect of oxymorphone by rectal suppository and intramuscular injection in patients with postoperative pain.

Author: BeaverW T, FeiseG A

Analgesia

Rectal administration

Delayed peak analgesia

Side effects

Rectal oxymorphone was less potent than intramuscular oxymorphone, but provided comparable analgesia to parenteral narcotics. It had a longer duration of action and fewer side effects.

Language : English

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