Side Effects of irbesartan: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Irbesartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure and kidney disease. Research has shown that irbesartan can lower blood pressure, reduce proteinuria, and protect the kidneys. 9 Furthermore, irbesartan has been suggested to have comparable or even greater kidney protection than ACE inhibitors. 24 Additionally, irbesartan has shown potential for effectiveness in treating diabetic nephropathy. 17

Reasons for Side Effects

Irbesartan lowers blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels and promotes aldosterone secretion. Irbesartan, by inhibiting these actions, lowers blood pressure and promotes water and salt excretion from the body. However, inhibiting these actions can also lead to side effects.

Common Side Effects

Dizziness

Irbesartan can cause dizziness due to its vasodilating effect. 14

Gastrointestinal Side Effects

Irbesartan can cause diarrhea and abdominal pain as gastrointestinal side effects. 14

Renal Impairment

Irbesartan may impair kidney function. 11 Individuals with impaired kidney function or those experiencing dehydration should be cautious.

Hyperkalemia

Irbesartan can inhibit the excretion of potassium from the body, leading to hyperkalemia. 8 Hyperkalemia can cause heart abnormalities and arrhythmias, so it's important to be aware.

Cough

While irbesartan is associated with a lower incidence of cough compared to ACE inhibitors, it can still occur rarely. 10

Other Side Effects

In addition to these side effects, irbesartan can cause headache, fatigue, rash, and other side effects. 22

Side Effect Management

Dizziness

If you experience dizziness after taking irbesartan, lie down and rest for a while. If the symptoms persist, consult your doctor.

Gastrointestinal Side Effects

If you experience gastrointestinal side effects after taking irbesartan, try limiting your food intake, increasing your fluid intake, or taking measures to alleviate the symptoms. If the symptoms persist, consult your doctor.

Renal Impairment

Before taking irbesartan, discuss your kidney function with your doctor. If your kidney function is impaired, your irbesartan dosage may need to be adjusted. Additionally, ensure adequate hydration to prevent dehydration.

Hyperkalemia

Before taking irbesartan, discuss the risk of hyperkalemia with your doctor. If you are at high risk for hyperkalemia, your irbesartan dosage may need to be adjusted. Avoid consuming foods high in potassium.

Cough

If you experience cough after taking irbesartan, consult your doctor.

Other Side Effects

If you experience other side effects after taking irbesartan, consult your doctor.

Comparison Across Studies

Similarities Across Studies

Many studies have shown that irbesartan lowers blood pressure and reduces proteinuria. Additionally, irbesartan has been suggested to have comparable or even greater kidney protection than ACE inhibitors.

Differences Across Studies

There are differences in the reported side effects of irbesartan across studies. For instance, some studies have reported that irbesartan can cause dizziness, while others haven't. Similarly, there are varying opinions across studies about the potential of irbesartan to cause renal impairment.

Practical Considerations

Irbesartan is an effective medication for treating high blood pressure and kidney disease, but it carries the risk of side effects. Before taking irbesartan, consult your doctor and obtain guidance on the appropriate dosage and administration for your body type. While taking irbesartan, undergo regular medical checkups to monitor for any side effects.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on irbesartan is still insufficient, especially regarding long-term safety. Further research is needed, particularly on the long-term safety of irbesartan. The incidence and severity of side effects vary from person to person, so more research is necessary.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on understanding the long-term safety of irbesartan and the mechanisms behind its side effects. Additionally, research is needed to explore the effectiveness of irbesartan in treating various diseases, expanding its indications.

Conclusion

Irbesartan is an effective medication for treating high blood pressure and kidney disease, but it carries the risk of side effects. When taking irbesartan, consult your doctor and ensure the dosage and administration are appropriate for your body type. Regular medical checkups are essential to monitor for any side effects.

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
21
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
3
Article Type
7
1
0
5
24
2.

Efficacy and safety of irbesartan/HCTZ combination therapy as initial treatment for rapid control of severe hypertension.

Author: NeutelJoel M, FranklinStanley S, OparilSuzanne, BhaumikAmitabha, PtaszynskaAgata, LapuertaPablo

BP reduction
Hypertension control

This multicenter trial compared the efficacy and safety of once-daily irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) combination therapy with irbesartan monotherapy in severe hypertension. Combination therapy achieved greater and more rapid blood pressure reduction without additional side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Dose-ranging study of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan (SR 47436/BMS-186295) on blood pressure and neurohormonal effects in salt-deplete men.

Author: McIntyreM, MacFadyenR J, MeredithP A, BrouardR, ReidJ L

Hypertension treatment

This study characterized the blood pressure and hormonal responses to irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, in normal men with an activated renin-angiotensin system during salt depletion. Irbesartan produced a dose-related decrease in blood pressure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists role in arterial hypertension.

Author: Hernández-HernándezR, Sosa-CanacheB, VelascoM, Armas-HernándezM J, Armas-PadillaM C, CammarataR

Control blood pressure
Lower blood pressure
Angioedema
Cough

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are effective and well-tolerated antihypertensive drugs that work by blocking AT(1) receptors, leading to vasodilation and blood pressure reduction. ARBs are effective for mild-to-moderate hypertension and are especially indicated for patients experiencing side effects from ACE inhibitors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Potassium channel openers increase aortic elastic fiber formation and reverse the genetically determined elastin deficit in the BN rat.

Author: SloveSéverin, LannoyMorgane, BehmoarasJacques, PezetMylène, SlobodaNatacha, LacolleyPatrick, EscoubetBrigitte, BujánJulia, JacobMarie-Paule

Elastic fiber formation
Hypertension treatment
Cardiac hypertrophy

Diazoxide, a potassium channel opener, increased elastic fiber content and decreased cell number in the aorta of Brown Norway rats, potentially offering a safer treatment for hypertension and vascular pathologies compared to minoxidil.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

[Use of angiotensin II receptor blockaders in heart failure].

Author: BonarjeeV V, DicksteinK

Heart failure treatment

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are an alternative or additional treatment option for heart failure. Studies have shown that ARBs, such as losartan, improve hemodynamic parameters, reduce hospitalization, and mortality in patients with heart failure, compared to placebo and even some ACE inhibitors.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Norwegian

7.

Drug Interactions with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: Role of Human Cytochromes P450.

Author: YangRuirui, LuoZhiqiang, LiuYang, SunMohan, ZhengLing, ChenYingying, LiYanping, WangHao, ChenLingzhu, WuMing, ZhaoHuihui

ARBs for hypertension
ARB side effects

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are effective for treating hypertension, but may cause side effects such as headache, upper respiratory infection, back pain, and fatigue.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Individual titration for maximal blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in proteinuric patients: a feasible strategy?

Author: VogtLiffert, NavisGerjan, de ZeeuwDick

Reduced proteinuria
Adverse events

While renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade reduces proteinuria, combining multiple agents to maximize RAS blockade further reduces proteinuria in patients with residual proteinuria. However, this combination approach can increase the risk of adverse events.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Preliminary experience with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan in chronic kidney disease.

Author: von VigierR O, ZbergP M, TeuffelO, BianchettiM G

Antihypertensive
Antiproteinuric
Decreases urinary albumin/creatinine ratio
Reduces arterial pressure

Irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, was found to be effective in reducing blood pressure and proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease. In a study of 20 children, the drug reduced systolic blood pressure by 16 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 11 mmHg. In nine patients with proteinuria, the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio significantly decreased by 145 mg/mmol. The frequency of reported adverse events was similar before and after starting irbesartan.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

[Effect of irbesartan in proteinuric non-diabetic renal disease].

Author: de GraciaM C, MolinaM, NavarroM J, Garcia HernándezM A

Antiproteinuric
Nephroprotective
Cough

Irbesartan and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were equally effective in reducing proteinuria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

12.

Relation between clinical and therapeutic variables and quality of life in hypertension.

Author: Roca-CusachsA, DalfóA, BadiaX, ArísteguiI, RosetM

Improved QoL

Hypertensive patients had significantly poorer quality of life (QoL) than normotensive subjects. QoL was negatively impacted by female sex, greater organ damage, and higher heart rate and weight. Intensification of antihypertensive therapy with irbesartan improved QoL.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Irbesartan reduces creatinine clearance in type 1 diabetic children with renal hyperfunction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: Salcedo-AlejosMario, Banda-EspinozaFelipe, Rodríguez-MoránMartha, Guerrero-RomeroFernando

Reduced CCR

This study investigated the effectiveness of irbesartan, an AT(1)-receptor antagonist, in reducing creatinine clearance rate in non-hypertensive type 1 diabetic (T1DM) children with renal hyperfunction.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Drug-induced enteropathy.

Author: MariettaEric V, CarteeAmanda, RishiAbdul, MurrayJoseph A

Diarrhea

This review focuses on drug-induced diarrhea caused by olmesartan and mycophenolic acid (CellCept), which can increase inflammation and enteropathy in some individuals.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

Multicenter Randomized Double-Blind Comparison of Nebivolol plus HCTZ and Irbesartan plus HCTZ in the Treatment of Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Elderly Patients: Results of the NEHIS Study.

Author: GrassiGuido, SeravalleGino, BrambillaGianmaria, Dell'OroRaffaella, TrevanoFosca Quarti, FiciFrancesco, van BortelLuc, ManciaGiuseppe

Greater BP reduction
Reduced BP variability

This double-blind randomized trial compared the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol/hydrochlorothiazide (NH) vs irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide (IH) combination in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). After 12 weeks of treatment, the reduction of systolic BP with NH was significantly greater than IH (-25.8 ± 12 vs -21.2 ± 14 mm Hg, P < 0.03).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

16.

Clinical overview of irbesartan: expanding the therapeutic window in hypertension.

Author: Man in't VeldA J

Optimal blood pressure control
Placebo-like tolerability

A therapeutic agent for hypertension must provide optimal, dose-related blood pressure control with placebo-like tolerability in order to expand the therapeutic window and minimize side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

17.

High doses of irbesartan offer long-term kidney protection in cases of established diabetic nephropathy.

Author: Ros-RuizSilvia, Aranda-LaraPedro, FernándezJuan C, Martínez-EstebanM Dolores, JirondaCristina, HidalgoPilar, Hernández-MarreroDomingo

Renoprotection

This study aimed to assess the effects of ultra-high doses of irbesartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), on proteinuria and renal function in individuals with established or overt diabetic nephropathy (ODN). The study hypothesized that higher doses of ARBs would lead to greater renoprotection.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Irbesartan treatment in hypertension.

Author: BrownM J

Similar efficacy to other major classes
Tolerable

Irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, has shown similar dose-related efficacy to other major classes of blood pressure-lowering drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Initial treatment with a single capsule containing half-dose quadruple therapy vs standard-dose dual therapy in hypertensive patients (QUADUAL): Study protocol for a randomized, blinded, crossover trial.

Author: ZhaoXiexiong, ChenYe, YangGuoping, LiXingli, TangXiaohong, YangQiong, PengLiping, LiJingle, LiangZhongshu, LiAnying, WangWenjuan, HuangMiao, LiuTao, LiXiaogang, JiangWeihong

Improved blood pressure control

This study explores the potential benefits of low-dose quadruple combination therapy compared to dual combination therapy for hypertension. While dual combination therapy is commonly recommended, the efficacy of low-dose quadruple therapy remains unknown.

Clinical Trial ProtocolA plan for conducting a clinical trial. It describes in detail the purpose, design, methodology, and statistical considerations of the trial, ensuring the transparency and consistency of the trial.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Efficacy and safety of early versus late titration of fixed-dose irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide: ACTUAL study.

Author: GirerdXavier, RosenbaumDavid, AounJoseph,

BP control
Adverse events

The study compared the efficacy and safety of early versus late titration of irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients. Both titration regimens showed similar blood pressure reduction and control rates at week 10. However, the early titration group experienced more serious adverse events.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Effects of long-term Irbesartan in reducing portal pressure in cirrhotic patients: comparison with propranolol in a randomised controlled study.

Author: VenonWilma Debernardi, BaronioMonica, LeoneNicola, RolfoElio, FaddaMaurizio, BarlettiClaudio, TodrosLuca, SaraccoGiorgio, RizzettoMario

Portal hypertension treatment
Side effects

Irbesartan offers no advantage over propranolol in controlling portal hypertension, and its therapeutic profile is limited by important side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Effect of irbesartan monotherapy compared with ACE inhibitors and calcium-channel blockers on patient compliance in essential hypertension patients: a multicenter, open-labeled, three-armed study.

Author: KoylanNevres, AcarturkEsmeray, CanberkAykan, CaglarNail, CaglarSali, ErdineSerap, GuneriSema, IlerigelenBaris, KabakciGiray, OnderRemzi, SagkanOlcay, BuyukozturkKemalettin,

This multicenter study investigated patient compliance with irbesartan, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or calcium-channel blockers (CCB) for essential hypertension over a 6-month period.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

24.

[Irbesartan in hypertensive non-diabetic advanced chronic kidney disease. Comparative study with ACEI].

Author: CoronelF, CigarránS, García-MenaM, HerreroJ A, CalvoN, Pérez-FloresI

cardioprotective therapy
proteinuria reduction
renoprotective effect
side effects

Irbesartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), is being studied as a treatment option for non-diabetic advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD). Its effects will be compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), which have been shown to have antihypertensive and renoprotective effects in ACKD patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Spanish

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