Effects of latanoprost ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Findings

Latanoprost eye drops are a type of medication used to lower eye pressure in patients with glaucoma or high eye pressure. 14 reported a case where a patient with glaucoma who was using two different types of prostaglandin analogue eye drops developed recurrent herpetic keratitis. 25 conducted a study to compare the safety of tafluprost eye drops with other prostaglandin eye drops. The study found that tafluprost eye drops were safe for the ocular surface. 18 investigated the effects of latanoprost eye drops on eye pressure in normal horses and found no significant effects. 19 compared the stability, efficacy, and adverse effects of a new cyclodextrin-containing formulation of latanoprost eye drops to the original formulation. Both formulations were found to be similarly effective in reducing eye pressure and had similar side effect profiles.

15 reviewed the use of latanoprost eye drops in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or high eye pressure. The review found that latanoprost eye drops are more effective than brimonidine, dorzolamide, and timolol eye drops and have fewer systemic side effects. They are also convenient to use and can help control the progression of glaucoma. 13 evaluated the safety of escalating doses of taprenepag isopropyl eye drops, finding that they were safe and had a dose-dependent effect on lowering eye pressure.

6 examined the effects of latanoprost eye drops on the cornea, finding that preservative-free latanoprost eye drops were safe for the corneal epithelium. However, the study also showed that benzalkonium chloride, a preservative found in some latanoprost eye drops, could damage the cornea. 12 demonstrated that travoprost eye drops preserved with polyquaternium-1 were less toxic to the ocular surface than travoprost eye drops preserved with benzalkonium chloride or latanoprost eye drops. 10 conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials and concluded that benzalkonium chloride does not cause significant corneal toxicity in the majority of patients with glaucoma or high eye pressure.

24 compared the effects of switching from latanoprost eye drops with a preservative to preservative-free tafluprost eye drops or tafluprost eye drops with a preservative. The study found that switching to either type of tafluprost eye drops improved corneal epithelial barrier function. 2 evaluated the efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl eye drops in patients who did not respond well to latanoprost eye drops. The study showed that omidenepag isopropyl eye drops can reduce eye pressure in these patients. 8 studied the effects of latanoprost eye drops on the retina in patients with glaucoma and found no evidence of cystoid macular edema.

20 compared the therapeutic noninferiority of latanoprost eye drops to Xalatan. The study concluded that latanoprost eye drops were noninferior to Xalatan in lowering eye pressure and were well-tolerated. 1 investigated the physical properties of generic latanoprost eye drops, finding that they are not identical to the original brand version. 3 conducted a randomized study comparing tafluprost eye drops to latanoprost eye drops, finding that they were equally effective and safe in lowering eye pressure. 23 studied the incidence of iridial pigmentation induced by latanoprost eye drops in Japanese patients, finding that it was higher than previously reported in pigmented races.

4 developed a new drug delivery system for glaucoma treatment, which involves encapsulating latanoprost in a biodegradable nanosheet. The study found that the nanosheet was effective in reducing eye pressure. 11 evaluated the safety and systemic pharmacokinetics of latanoprost in children and adults. The study found that children had higher systemic exposure to latanoprost but did not experience any adverse events. 16 investigated the use of latanoprost-eluting contact lenses in monkeys with glaucoma. The study found that sustained delivery of latanoprost via contact lenses was as effective as daily latanoprost eye drops. 17 studied the long-term effects of latanoprost monotherapy on eye pressure in Japanese patients with glaucoma. The study found that latanoprost effectively reduced eye pressure over a long period of time.

26 assessed the effect of rebamipide eye drops on corneal epithelial injury caused by benzalkonium chloride. The study found that rebamipide eye drops reduced the severity of corneal epithelial injury. 21 evaluated the effects of antiglaucoma eye drops on the cornea using a corneal resistance device. The study found that preservative-free eye drops or eye drops with low benzalkonium chloride concentrations did not significantly affect corneal resistance. 22 reported a case of cystoid macular edema in a patient who was using latanoprost eye drops. The study suggests that latanoprost eye drops might be involved in the development of cystoid macular edema. 9 investigated the cytotoxic effects of ophthalmic solutions containing benzalkonium chloride on corneal epithelium, finding that latanoprost eye drops can have cytotoxic effects on corneal epithelium.

5 compared the safety and efficacy of latanoprostene bunod eye drops, timolol maleate eye drops, and latanoprost eye drops in patients with open-angle glaucoma. The study found that timolol maleate eye drops were safer than latanoprost eye drops. 7 reviewed the use of netarsudil and latanoprost eye drops for lowering eye pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The review found that the combination therapy is effective in lowering eye pressure.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Latanoprost eye drops have been shown to be effective in lowering eye pressure and potentially helping to slow the progression of glaucoma. 15 They are also more effective than brimonidine, dorzolamide, and timolol eye drops and have fewer systemic side effects. 15 Additionally, latanoprost eye drops have a relatively flat IOP controlling pattern compared with timolol and dorzolamide, which might allow for better control of glaucoma progression. 15

Risks Summary

Latanoprost eye drops can cause side effects such as irritation of the cornea, conjunctival hyperemia, pigmentation of the eyelids, and eyelash growth. 23 There have also been reports of latanoprost eye drops causing cystoid macular edema. 22 However, it is important to note that these side effects are not experienced by everyone. 8 Regular eye exams are necessary while using latanoprost eye drops.

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Most studies indicate that latanoprost eye drops are effective in lowering eye pressure. Additionally, studies show that latanoprost eye drops are more effective than other glaucoma medications and have fewer systemic side effects.

Differences in Studies

The side effects of latanoprost eye drops have been inconsistent across studies. 23 22 Some studies have found that latanoprost eye drops can cause irritation of the cornea or pigmentation of the eyelids, while others have found that they can cause cystoid macular edema. 23 22 It is important to note that these side effects are not experienced by everyone.

Consistency and Contradictions of Findings

The findings regarding the effectiveness of latanoprost eye drops have been consistent across many studies. 15 However, the side effects of latanoprost eye drops have varied between studies. 23 22 8 Consulting a doctor to determine the best treatment approach based on your specific situation is vital.

Points to Note When Applying the Findings to Real Life

Latanoprost eye drops are used to lower eye pressure in patients with glaucoma or high eye pressure. It is crucial to use latanoprost eye drops correctly as instructed by your doctor. Regular eye exams are also essential while using latanoprost eye drops. 23 22 8 You should consult with your doctor to choose the best treatment plan for your specific situation.

Limitations of Current Research

While research on latanoprost eye drops has been fruitful, some aspects remain unclear. For example, there is limited data available on the long-term safety of latanoprost eye drops. Additionally, research findings on the side effects of latanoprost eye drops have been inconsistent. 23 22 8 Further research is needed to explore the long-term safety and side effects of latanoprost eye drops.

Future Research Directions

Future research on latanoprost eye drops should focus on the following areas:

  • Long-term safety of latanoprost eye drops.
  • Further investigation of side effects of latanoprost eye drops.
  • Improvements in latanoprost eye drop delivery methods.
  • Development of new latanoprost formulations.

Conclusion

Latanoprost eye drops are effective in lowering eye pressure and have the potential to slow the progression of glaucoma. 15 However, it is important to be aware of potential side effects such as irritation of the cornea, conjunctival hyperemia, pigmentation of the eyelids, and eyelash growth. 23 There have also been reports of latanoprost eye drops causing cystoid macular edema. 22 When using latanoprost eye drops, it is important to discuss your specific situation and choose the best treatment plan with your doctor. 8

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
21
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
4
Article Type
7
1
0
1
26
2.

Intraocular pressure-lowering effect of omidenepag isopropyl in latanoprost non-/low-responder patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension: the FUJI study.

Author: AiharaMakoto, RopoAuli, LuFenghe, KawataHisashi, IwataAkihiro, Odani-KawabataNoriko, ShamsNaveed

IOP reduction

Omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) is a selective prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT) patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of OMDI ophthalmic solution 0.002% in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or OHT who were non-/low responders to latanoprost.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

[Randomized parallel group study of 0.0015% tafluprost ophthalmic solution in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (comparison with 0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution)].

Author: GeJian, LiXiaoxin, SunXinghuai, HeXiangge, ZhangHong

IOP-lowering effect
Well tolerated
Conjunctival hyperemia
Eye irritation

Tafluprost ophthalmic solution was non-inferior to Latanoprost ophthalmic solution in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Both treatments were well-tolerated, with no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

4.

Development of latanoprost-loaded biodegradable nanosheet as a new drug delivery system for glaucoma.

Author: KashiwagiKenji, ItoKeisuke, HaniudaHiroki, OhtsuboShinya, TakeokaShinji

IOP reduction
Hyperemia

Latanoprost-loaded biodegradable nanosheets (LBNS) may be a novel drug delivery system (DDS) for the treatment of glaucoma, demonstrating sustained IOP reduction and safety.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Netarsudil and latanoprost ophthalmic solution for the reduction of intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Author: ArefAhmad A, GeymanLawrence S, ZakiehAbdel-Rahman, AlotaibiHumoud M

Glaucoma management
IOP lowering

Netarsudil and latanoprost ophthalmic solution plays a pivotal role in management of individuals with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHTN).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Cystoid macular edema associated with topical latanoprost in glaucomatous eyes with a normally functioning blood-ocular barrier.

Author: FuruichiM, ChibaT, AbeK, KogureS, IijimaH, TsukaharaS, KashiwagiK

Reduce IOP

Topical latanoprost did not induce retinal disorders, such as cystoid macular edema, in glaucomatous eyes with a normally functioning blood-ocular barrier.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

The role of benzalkonium chloride in the occurrence of punctate keratitis: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.

Author: TrocmeStefan, HwangLie-Ju, BeanGerald W, SultanMarla B

Safe BAK concentration

This meta-analysis of 7 clinical trials found that benzalkonium chloride (BAK) did not significantly increase the incidence of punctate keratitis in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. This finding was consistent across studies where the amount of BAK administered daily in the latanoprost arms was approximately twice the amount used in the timolol arms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Latanoprost systemic exposure in pediatric and adult patients with glaucoma: a phase 1, open-label study.

Author: RaberSusan, CourtneyRachel, Maeda-ChubachiTomoko, SimonsBrad D, FreedmanSharon F, WirostkoBarbara,

Glaucoma treatment
Ocular hypertension treatment

This study found that latanoprost acid systemic exposure was higher in younger children versus adolescents and adults. However, latanoprost acid was eliminated rapidly in all age groups and resulted in only a brief period of systemic exposure after once-daily dosing. Higher systemic exposure was not accompanied by adverse events.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Reduced in vivo ocular surface toxicity with polyquad-preserved travoprost versus benzalkonium-preserved travoprost or latanoprost ophthalmic solutions.

Author: LiangHong, Brignole-BaudouinFrançoise, RianchoLuisa, BaudouinChristophe

Glaucoma Treatment
Ocular Surface Toxicity

This study compared the safety of a new formulation of travoprost ophthalmic solution preserved with polyquaternium-1 (PQ) with commercially available formulations preserved with benzalkonium-chloride (BAK). The results showed that travoprost PQ did not induce ocular surface toxicity, while all BAK-containing products induced significant ocular surface toxicity.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

A phase 2, randomized, dose-response trial of taprenepag isopropyl (PF-04217329) versus latanoprost 0.005% in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Author: SchacharRonald A, RaberSusan, CourtneyRachel, ZhangMin

Glaucoma treatment

This study evaluated the safety of escalating doses of taprenepag isopropyl, a selective EP(2) receptor agonist, and its dose-response.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Herpetic keratitis in a patient who used two different prostaglandin analogue ophthalmic solutions: a case report.

Author: VillegasVíctor M, DíazLilliam, IzquierdoNatalio J

Herpetic keratitis

A patient with glaucoma experienced recurrent herpetic keratitis after using both latanoprost and travoprost, suggesting that patients with recurrent herpetic keratitis should be cautious with prostaglandin analogues.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Effect of topical ophthalmic latanoprost on intraocular pressure in normal horses.

Author: DavidsonHarriet J, PinardChantale L, KeilSusan M, BrightmanAlan H, SargeantJan M

This study evaluated the ocular effects of latanoprost ophthalmic solution in horses. Latanoprost did not significantly affect intraocular pressure or pupillary diameter in normal horses compared to a control solution.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

Comparison of the stability, efficacy, and adverse effect profile of the innovator 0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution and a novel cyclodextrin-containing formulation.

Author: GonzalezJaime R, Baiza-DuranLeopoldo, Quintana-HauJuan, Tornero-MontañoRuben, Castaneda-HernandezGilberto, OrtizMario, Alarcon-OcegueraFelipe, Beltran-LoustaunauMarco, Cortez-GastelumMarco, Garcidueñas-MejiaJorge, Gomez-BastarPedro, Jimenez-RomanJesus, Korder-OrtegaVincent, Paczka-ZapataJose, Torres-SeguraMarina, Velasco-GallegosGustavo

Glaucoma treatment
Improved drug stability
Conjunctival hyperemia

A new latanoprost ophthalmic solution containing cyclodextrins was shown to be stable at temperatures up to 40 degrees C, compared to the innovator product which was only stable at 4 degrees C.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

An evaluation of therapeutic noninferiority of 0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution and xalatan in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Author: DigiuniMaurizio, ManniGianluca, VetrugnoMichele, UvaMaurizio, MilanoGiovanni, OrzalesiNicola, FogagnoloPaolo, CentofantiMarco, CamposEmilio, RossettiLuca

Reduced IOP
Well tolerated
Eye irritation
Eyelash growth
Ocular hyperemia

0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution was noninferior to Xalatan in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and was generally well tolerated in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

A case of cystoid macular edema associated with latanoprost ophthalmic solution.

Author: TokunagaTakaharu, KashiwagiKenji, SaitoJunko, KobayashiKeiko, KoboriYuko, AbeKeitetsu, TsukaharaShigeo

Cystoid macular edema

Latanoprost may be involved in the development of cystoid macular edema.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

Iridial pigmentation induced by latanoprost ophthalmic solution in Japanese glaucoma patients.

Author: ChibaT, KashiwagiK, KogureS, AbeK, ShibuyaT, FuruichiM, IijimaH, TsukaharaS

Iridial pigmentation

Latanoprost ophthalmic solution, used to treat glaucoma, caused a definite increase in iridial pigmentation in 35% of Japanese patients within six months. The incidence was higher than previously reported values in pigmented races.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

Comparison of corneal safety and intraocular pressure-lowering effect of tafluprost ophthalmic solution with other prostaglandin ophthalmic solutions.

Author: KumagamiTakeshi, WakiyamaHarumi, KusanoMao, KajiyamaAyano, MiuraYoko, UematsuMasafumi, YonedaAi, KuriharaJunko, SuzumaKiyoshi, KitaokaTakashi

Tafluprost safety

This study compared the ocular surface safety of a new formulation of tafluprost ophthalmic solution with a reduced benzalkonium chloride (BAK) content to other prostaglandin ophthalmic solutions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Corneal Epithelial Injury in Rabbit Reduced by Rebamipide.

Author: FukudaMasamichi, TakedaNobuo, IshidaHidetoshi, SekiYusuke, ShibataNaoko, TakahashiNobuo, SugiyamaKazuhisa, KuboEri, SasakiHiroshi

Reduced epithelial injury
Unknown

Rebamipide ophthalmic solution was found to reduce corneal epithelial injury caused by benzalkonium chloride (BAK), an ophthalmic solution preservative. The study demonstrated that rebamipide significantly increased corneal resistance and reduced fluorescein staining, indicating improved corneal health.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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