Major Research Findings

Meperidine, a commonly used pain medication, has been shown to have a robust and long-lasting effect on mood in healthy volunteers. 1 found that intravenous meperidine, in a dose-dependent manner, increased ratings of sedation, feeling spaced out, and overall drug effect. These effects persisted for up to 4 to 5 hours after administration of the highest dose (1.0 mg/kg). Additionally, meperidine was observed to cause miosis (pupil constriction), also in a dose-dependent manner. 5 investigated the effectiveness of intrathecal meperidine in preventing shivering after caesarean section. The study aimed to determine the optimal dose to prevent shivering without causing significant side effects. 3 evaluated the effectiveness of intravenous meperidine for pain relief during labor. The study found that meperidine was only effective in reducing pain in 23.8% of the participants and was associated with several side effects, including sedation, nausea, and vomiting. 2 compared the pharmacokinetics of meperidine administered through different routes, including intravenous, submucosal, intramuscular, and oral. The study showed that intravenous and submucosal routes resulted in faster peak plasma levels of meperidine compared to intramuscular and oral routes. Finally, 4 explored the combination of meperidine and physostigmine for sedation and analgesia during colonoscopy. The study demonstrated that the combination of these drugs was effective in enhancing analgesia and reversing the central nervous system depressant effects of meperidine, leading to faster recovery times.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Meperidine can provide pain relief, reduce shivering after surgery, and promote sedation. 1 , 5 , 4

Risks Summary

Meperidine can cause side effects such as sedation, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and respiratory depression. 1 , 3 , 4 Additionally, meperidine has the potential for addiction. 1

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies consistently demonstrate the pain-relieving and sedative effects of meperidine. Additionally, studies show that meperidine can cause side effects such as nausea and vomiting. 1 , 3 , 5 , 4

Differences

The effectiveness and side effects of meperidine can vary depending on factors such as dosage, route of administration, and individual patient characteristics. 1 , 3 , 5 , 2 , 4 For instance, meperidine may be less effective for pain relief during labor but can effectively prevent shivering after surgery. 3 , 5

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

The conclusion that meperidine is an effective pain reliever with the potential to cause sedative effects and side effects like nausea and vomiting is consistent across multiple studies. 1 , 3 , 5 , 4 However, studies indicate that individual responses to meperidine can vary, suggesting that it may not be effective for all patients. 1 , 3

Important Considerations for Real-Life Application

While meperidine is widely used for pain relief, its addictive nature necessitates careful usage under medical supervision. 1 Additionally, the sedative effects and potential for side effects like nausea and vomiting necessitate caution when engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery. 1 , 3

Limitations of Current Research

These studies involved relatively small sample sizes, highlighting the need for further research to gain a more comprehensive understanding of meperidine’s effects and side effects. 1 , 3 , 5 , 2 , 4 Additionally, the focus on specific populations in these studies raises questions about the generalizability of findings to other groups.

Future Research Directions

Further research on the effects and side effects of meperidine is necessary. This includes investigating its long-term effects, its efficacy and safety in diverse populations, and its interactions with other medications. 1 , 3 , 5 , 2 , 4

Conclusion

Meperidine holds potential benefits in pain management, post-surgery shivering prevention, and sedation. However, it comes with side effects like sedation, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and respiratory depression. Furthermore, meperidine has the potential for addiction. It is crucial to use meperidine under a doctor’s supervision. 1 , 3 , 5 , 4