Side Effects of neomycin polymyxin: A Synthesis of Findings from 11 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Neomycin and polymyxin B are topical antibiotics often used to treat various infections, particularly skin and eye infections. 7 highlights their advantages, including ease of use, fewer side effects compared to oral or injectable antibiotics, higher drug concentration in the infected area, lower risk of bacterial resistance, and cost-effectiveness. These antibiotics are used for controlling bacterial growth, preventing serious infections, and treating conditions like wound infections, skin infections, burn infections, and acne.

One case report, 11 , describes successful treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis, a serious eye infection, with neomycin-polymyxin B in combination with propamidine isethionate. In another study, 3 , researchers found that using neomycin-polymyxin B with hydrocortisone (Otosporin) after dental bleaching in rats significantly reduced inflammation and tissue damage compared to bleaching alone.

Further research, like 10 , has compared the efficacy of neomycin-dexamethasone spray (Otomize) and neomycin-polymyxin B-hydrocortisone drops (Otosporin) for treating otitis externa. Although both treatments were effective, Otomize spray was preferred by patients due to its ease of use and demonstrated better clinical outcomes.

Reasons for Side Effects

Neomycin and polymyxin B are antibacterial agents that disrupt bacterial cell membranes, leading to bacterial death. However, this mechanism can also potentially affect human cells, causing side effects.

Common Side Effects

Ear Side Effects

Ear discharge, a common side effect reported in 6 , can occur after ear surgeries involving grommet insertion. Similarly, 10 mentions that neomycin and dexamethasone ear drops can sometimes cause ear inflammation and itching.

Eye Side Effects

Eye irritation, inflammation, and allergic reactions have been noted in 8 with the use of neomycin-polymyxin B eye drops.

Skin Side Effects

Skin dryness, itching, and rashes are potential side effects when neomycin and polymyxin B are applied topically. 4 reports bladder inflammation in a case involving neomycin-polymyxin B bladder wash.

Gastrointestinal Side Effects

Neomycin and polymyxin B can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea when ingested. 9 highlights the possibility of gastrointestinal side effects associated with neomycin-polymyxin B-based intestinal flora modulation therapy.

Nervous System Side Effects

Neomycin can affect the nervous system, potentially leading to hearing loss and kidney problems. 2 notes insomnia as a possible side effect associated with nicotine patches.

Measures for Side Effects

Ear Side Effects

Maintaining ear hygiene, removing earwax, and using ear drops correctly can help prevent ear side effects. If ear inflammation occurs, consult a doctor.

Eye Side Effects

Washing your hands before using eye drops and applying them correctly can help prevent eye side effects. If eye irritation or inflammation arises, seek medical attention.

Skin Side Effects

Applying a small amount of neomycin-polymyxin B to the skin and keeping it clean can help prevent skin side effects. Consult a doctor if a rash or itching develops.

Gastrointestinal Side Effects

Following your doctor's instructions and taking the medication after meals can help prevent gastrointestinal side effects. If gastrointestinal problems occur, consult a doctor.

Nervous System Side Effects

Following your doctor's instructions and taking the appropriate dose can help prevent nervous system side effects. Consult a doctor if any nervous system side effects occur.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities Between Studies

These studies consistently demonstrate the effectiveness of topical neomycin and polymyxin B for treating various infections. They also highlight the potential for side effects associated with these antibiotics.

Differences Between Studies

Differences exist in the specific combinations of neomycin and polymyxin B used, the administration methods, and dosages employed. These variations can result in varying levels of effectiveness and side effects.

Precautions for Real-Life Applications

It's crucial to use neomycin and polymyxin B under a doctor's guidance. Do not discontinue or modify your dosage without medical advice. If side effects occur, seek immediate medical attention.

Current Research Limitations

These studies do not provide a comprehensive analysis of the long-term effects of neomycin and polymyxin B. Further research is needed to assess the impact on specific age groups and patients with particular diseases.

Future Research Directions

Further research is necessary to understand the long-term effects of neomycin and polymyxin B use. Additionally, research is needed to evaluate the impact on specific age groups and patients with various diseases.

Conclusion

Neomycin and polymyxin B are valuable topical antibiotics used to treat a wide range of infections. While they offer several advantages, remember that potential side effects exist. Always follow your doctor's instructions, use them correctly, and be mindful of any side effects. Consult a doctor if you experience any adverse reactions to these medications.

Literature analysis of 11 papers
Positive Content
9
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
4
0
2
3
11
1.

Nicotine gum use in the first year of the Lung Health Study.

Author: Bjornson-BensonW, NidesM, DolceJ, RandC, LindgrenP, O'HaraP, BuistA S

Quit smoking
Reduced side effects
Mild side effects

28.9% of participants in the Lung Health Study were using nicotine gum 12 months after entry. Among sustained nonsmokers, continuous gum users reported more mild side effects than those who used gum intermittently. Factors associated with nicotine dependence were related to the use and amount of gum use at 12 months.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

2.

Effects of nicotine dose and administration method on withdrawal symptoms and side effects during short-term smoking abstinence.

Author: LeischowS J, ValenteS N, HillA L, OtteP S, AickinM, HoldenT, KligmanE, CookG

smoking cessation
insomnia

This study evaluated the effects of different nicotine replacement treatments on self-reported withdrawal symptoms and side effects during smoking cessation. The 24-hr patch was more effective than the 16-hr patch in reducing morning urge to smoke. Double-patch use resulted in greater insomnia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

3.

Pulp response of rats submitted to bleaching and the use of different anti-inflammatory drugs.

Author: GallinariMarjorie de Oliveira, CintraLuciano Tavares Ângelo, BenettiFrancine, RahalVanessa, ErvolinoEdilson, BrisoAndré Luiz Fraga

Pulp inflammation reduction

This study evaluated the effects of different pain-relieving therapies on pulp inflammation after dental bleaching using histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The use of Otosporin after bleaching treatment minimized the side effects, while paracetamol provided less protection against inflammation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Intravesical gentamicin for recurrent urinary tract infection in patients with intermittent bladder catheterisation.

Author: van NieuwkoopC, den ExterP L, ElzevierH W, den HartighJ, van DisselJ T

UTI treatment

This study investigated the efficacy and safety of intravesical gentamicin treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients using clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). The study found that intravesical gentamicin was effective in two patients, with no reported side effects. However, the authors acknowledge the limited data and call for further research to confirm its effectiveness and safety.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

6.

Interventions for ear discharge associated with grommets (ventilation tubes).

Author: VaileL, WilliamsonT, WaddellA, TaylorG

Ototoxicity

Grommet insertion is a common surgical procedure in children. Postoperative otorrhoea (discharge) is a common complication. Topical antibiotics/steroid combinations are used to treat otorrhoea.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

Infection prevention in severely myelosuppressed patients: a comparison between ciprofloxacin and a regimen of selective antibiotic modulation of the intestinal flora.

Author: JansenJ, CromerM, AkardL, BlackJ R, WheatL J, AllenS D

Better tolerated
Effective prophylaxis
Streptococcal infections

Ciprofloxacin was at least as effective as the combination of neomycin/polymyxin/nalidixic acid in preventing bacterial infections in myelosuppressed patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Comparative efficacy and tolerability of two antibacterial/anti-inflammatory formulations ('Otomize' spray and 'Otosporin' drops) in the treatment of otitis externa in general practice.

Author: SmithR B, MoodieJ

Acceptable
Effective for otitis externa
Good tolerability

Neomycin/dexamethasone spray ('Otomize') and neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone drops ('Otosporin') were both effective in treating otitis externa. However, 'Otomize' was preferred by patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

11.

Acanthamoeba keratitis successfully treated with prolonged propamidine isethionate and neomycin-polymyxin-gramicidin.

Author: JohnT, LinJ, SahmD F

Successful treatment
Corneal epithelial toxicity
No significant side effects

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but serious infection of the cornea that can be treated with intense topical medications. In a recent case, a patient with Acanthamoeba keratitis was successfully treated with propamidine isethionate and neomycin-polymyxin-gramicidin, which were applied every 30 minutes.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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