Effects of peginterferon alfa-2a injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 29 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Pegylated interferon alfa-2a has shown promise as a treatment for various conditions, particularly in the areas of eye health, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B. 4 demonstrates its effectiveness in treating refractory inflammatory cystoid macular edema (CME), a condition affecting the eye. The study observed improvement in CME in all seven patients, with a reduction in central macular thickness and enhanced vision. Meanwhile, 24 highlights the antiviral activity of pegylated interferon alfa-2a in combination with telaprevir, a drug targeting hepatitis C virus. The combination therapy demonstrated a significant decrease in HCV RNA levels in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C, leading to undetectable levels in several individuals. In another study, 6 investigated the impact of adding pegylated interferon alfa-2a to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The research found that adding pegylated interferon alfa-2a significantly increased HBs antigen clearance in patients with HBe antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B who already had undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA levels.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Pegylated interferon alfa-2a has emerged as a potential treatment for several conditions, including refractory inflammatory cystoid macular edema, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B. Studies have shown positive outcomes, such as improved vision in CME patients, reduced HCV RNA levels in combination with telaprevir, and increased HBs antigen clearance in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Risks Summary

While showing promise in treatment, pegylated interferon alfa-2a can potentially lead to side effects, including flu-like symptoms and rashes. The severity of these side effects may vary between individuals, and in some cases, may necessitate discontinuation of treatment.

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities

Several studies have consistently highlighted the therapeutic potential of pegylated interferon alfa-2a for various conditions. A common theme across these studies is the observation of positive outcomes, such as improved vision, reduced viral load, and increased antigen clearance. However, it's important to note that the studies also indicate the potential for side effects like flu-like symptoms and rashes.

Differences

While pegylated interferon alfa-2a shows promise in diverse applications, the studies also indicate varying levels of effectiveness and side effects. 4 emphasizes its effectiveness in treating refractory inflammatory cystoid macular edema, while 24 demonstrates a stronger reduction in HCV RNA levels when combined with telaprevir. 6 highlights its role in enhancing HBs antigen clearance in chronic hepatitis B patients. These differences suggest that pegylated interferon alfa-2a might have different applications and may require individualized approaches based on the specific condition being treated.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

The research findings consistently suggest that pegylated interferon alfa-2a holds promise as a treatment for various conditions. However, the varying effectiveness and side effects observed in different studies underscore the need for more in-depth research. Further studies are required to better understand the long-term safety and efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa-2a, as well as its effectiveness when combined with other therapies.

Practical Implications and Cautions

While showing potential benefits for various health conditions, it's crucial to approach pegylated interferon alfa-2a treatment with caution. The possibility of side effects, even if mild, should be discussed with a healthcare professional. Individuals considering pegylated interferon alfa-2a treatment should consult with their doctor to ensure it aligns with their health history and existing medical conditions.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on pegylated interferon alfa-2a is ongoing, and more research is needed to fully understand its long-term effects and potential interactions with other therapies. The limited research on certain applications and the need for long-term studies to establish comprehensive safety profiles are important considerations.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on conducting long-term studies to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa-2a. It is also crucial to investigate the combination of pegylated interferon alfa-2a with other therapies to optimize treatment outcomes. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action and identifying potential biomarkers to predict treatment response are essential for personalized medicine approaches.

Conclusion

Pegylated interferon alfa-2a presents a potential treatment option for several conditions, including eye health issues and certain types of hepatitis. However, it is important to be aware of potential side effects and consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment. Future research is essential to fully understand the long-term effects and effectiveness of pegylated interferon alfa-2a in diverse applications.

Literature analysis of 29 papers
Positive Content
25
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
2
Article Type
13
1
1
2
29
1.

Tolerance and biological activity of pentosan polysulfate after intramuscular or subcutaneous administration for ten days in human volunteers.

Author: SiéP, AlbaredeJ L, RobertM, BoulouxC, LansenJ, ChigotC, CorrellS, ThouvenotJ P, BoneuB

Good tolerance
Liver enzyme elevation
Platelet reduction

Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) is a drug that can be used to treat certain medical conditions. This study investigated the tolerance and pharmacological activity of PPS in 30 healthy volunteers. PPS was well tolerated, with the most common side effects being increased transaminase levels and decreased platelet counts. The study found that PPS significantly prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and induced a weak but significant circulating anti-Xa activity.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Novel long-acting ropeginterferon alfa-2b: Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety in a phase I clinical trial.

Author: HuangYi-Wen, QinAlbert, FangJane, WangTing-Fang, TsaiChung-Wei, LinKo-Chung, TengChing-Leou, LaroucheRichard

Pharmacokinetic profile
Safety profile

Ropeginterferon alfa-2b, a novel long-acting pegylated interferon alfa-2b, was safe and well tolerated up to a dose of 270 μg. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b had higher drug exposures and a similar safety profile compared to pegylated IFN alfa-2a at the same dose level.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b administered every two weeks for patients with genotype 2 chronic hepatitis C.

Author: HsuShih-Jer, YuMing-Lung, SuChien-Wei, PengCheng-Yuan, ChienRong-Nan, LinHsien-Hong, LoGin-Ho, SuWei-Wen, KuoHsing-Tao, HsuChao-Wei, YangSien-Sing, YangSheng-Shun, TsengKuan-Chiao, QinAlbert, HuangYi-Wen, ChuangWan-Long

CHC treatment
High tolerability

Ropeginterferon alfa-2b, a novel mono-pegylated interferon, is well tolerated and allows for every-two-week injection. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Ropeginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in treating genotype 2 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

HBsAg clearance in chronic hepatitis B patients with add-on pegylated interferon alfa-2a to ongoing tenofovir treatment: A randomized controlled study.

Author: Al AshgarHamad, PeedikayilMusthafa C, Al QuaizMohammed, Al SohaibaniFahad, Al FaddaAbdulrahman, KhanMohammed Q, ThoralssonEinar, Al ThawadiSahar, Al JedaiAhmed, Al KahtaniKhalid

HBsAg clearance

The study investigated whether adding PEGylated interferon (PEG IFN) to tenofovir treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can improve HBsAg clearance, the ideal endpoint for HBV treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

Effect on HBs antigen clearance of addition of pegylated interferon alfa-2a to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy versus nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy alone in patients with HBe antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B and sustained undetectable plasma hepatitis B virus DNA: a randomised, controlled, open-label trial.

Author: BourlièreMarc, RabiegaPascaline, Ganne-CarrieNathalie, SerfatyLawrence, MarcellinPatrick, BartheYoann, ThabutDominique, GuyaderDominique, HezodeChristophe, PiconMagali, CausseXavier, LeroyVincent, BronowickiJean Pierre, CarrieriPatrizia, RiachiGhassan, RosaIsabelle, AttaliPierre, MolinaJean Michel, BacqYannick, TranAlbert, GrangéJean Didier, ZoulimFabien, FontaineHélène, AlricLaurent, BertucciInga, Bouvier-AliasMagali, CarratFabrice,

Hepatitis B clearance
HBeAg-negative hepatitis B

Previous studies suggest that adding pegylated interferon to the treatment of patients with HBe antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues might increase HBs antigen (HBsAg) clearance. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of this strategy in increasing HBsAg clearance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Predictors of response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus peginterferon alfa-2a combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B.

Author: MarcellinP, AhnS H, ChuangW-L, HuiA J, TabakF, MehtaR, PetersenJ, LeeC-M, MaX, CaruntuF A, TakW Y, ElkhashabM, LinL, WuG, MartinsE B, CharuwornP, YeeL J, LimS G, FosterG R, FungS, MoranoL, SamuelD, AgarwalK, IdilmanR, StrasserS I, ButiM, GaetaG B, PapatheodoridisG, FlisiakR, ChanH L Y

HBsAg loss
Chronic hepatitis B

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) for 48 weeks was found to be more effective in achieving HBsAg loss than either monotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

CONSORT: Effects of adding adefovirdipivoxil to peginterferon alfa-2a at different time points on HBeAg-positivepatients: A prospective, randomized study.

Author: ZhangKa, CaoHong, LiangJiayi, ShuXin, SunHaixia, LiGang, XuQihuan

Hepatitis C treatment

This study compared the efficacy and safety of adding adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) to pegylated interferon alpha-2a (PEG-INF-α2a) in treating chronic hepatitis B. The study found that adding ADV to PEG-INF-α2a treatment improved viral suppression and was well-tolerated, even when ADV was added later in the treatment course.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

10.

Improved pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics after i.v. application of peginterferon alfa-2a in hepatitis C null responders.

Author: FülöpBalazs, BiermerMichael, CornbergMarkus, WedemeyerHeiner, PortKerstin, HeyneRenate, ZeuzemStefan, PeifferKai-Henrik, WelzelTania, HerberAdam, BuggischPeter, MoserChristoph, StollSabine, AlshuthUlrich, BergThomas

Hepatitis C treatment

This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and viral kinetics of intravenous vs. subcutaneous peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C infection who showed null response to previous peginterferon/ribavirin.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Directly observed pegylated interferon plus self-administered ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in people actively using drugs: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: HilsdenRobert J, MacphailGisela, GrebelyJason, ConwayBrian, LeeSamuel S

Low reinfection rate
SVR comparable

Directly observed pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) alfa-2a plus self-administered ribavirin (RBV) was effective in treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) in people with active drug use, with sustained virologic response (SVR) comparable to non-drug users.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

A preliminary study on the efficacy and influencing factors of interferon for the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C with different dosage forms.

Author: MaPing, YangJi-Ming, HouWei, SongShi-Duo, WangLei, LuWei

Improved hepatitis C treatment

Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin was more effective than interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C with similar safety.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

13.

Efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon alfa-2a or alfa-2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: DruytsEric, ThorlundKristian, WuPing, KantersSteve, YayaSanni, CooperCurtis L, MillsEdward J

Viral response
Alopecia
Anemia
Leukopenia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopenia

This meta-analysis examined the efficacy and safety of peg-IFN alfa-2a and peg-IFN alfa-2b plus RBV in children and adolescents with chronic HCV. Results indicated that 70% of subjects achieved EVR and 58% achieved SVR. The treatment was associated with some hematologic and dermatologic adverse events, but it was considered safe and effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

15.

Systemic combination therapy of intravenous continuous 5-fluorouracil and subcutaneous pegylated interferon alfa-2a for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author: UchinoKoji, ObiShuntaro, TateishiRyosuke, SatoShinpei, KandaMiho, SatoTakahisa, AranoToru, EnookuKenichiro, GotoEriko, MasuzakiRyota, NakagawaHayato, AsaokaYoshinari, KondoYuji, YamashikiNoriyo, GotoTadashi, ShiinaShuichiro, OmataMasao, YoshidaHaruhiko, KoikeKazuhiko

Hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

This study assessed the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and peginterferon alfa-2a for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Japan, before sorafenib became the first-line therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Comparison of peginterferon pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles.

Author: BrunoR, SacchiP, CimaS, MaiocchiL, NovatiS, FiliceG, FagiuoliS

Hepatitis C treatment
Trough concentration

Peginterferon alfa-2a and peginterferon alfa-2b are pegylated interferons used to treat chronic hepatitis C. Peginterferon alfa-2a has a longer half-life in serum and maintains detectable trough concentrations during a 7-day dosing schedule. Peginterferon alfa-2b has a shorter half-life and may have trough concentrations below the limit of detection during the latter part of the 7-day dosing schedule. While the pharmacokinetic properties of the two drugs differ, their pharmacodynamic parameters appear to be similar.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial of directly observed hepatitis C treatment delivered in methadone clinics.

Author: LitwinAlain H, BergKarina M, LiXuan, HidalgoJennifer, ArnstenJulia H

Improved adherence
Virologic outcomes

This study is a randomized controlled trial to determine whether modified directly observed therapy (mDOT) improves adherence and virologic outcomes in opioid users with hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Treatment for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in HIV-infected individuals on methadone maintenance therapy.

Author: TaylorLynn E, BowmanSarah E, ChapmanStacey, ZallerNickolas, SteinMichael D, CioePatricia A, MaynardMichaela A, McGovernBarbara Hedgis

HCV treatment
Treatment interruption

This study found that the sustained virologic response (SVR) rate for HCV treatment in HIV/HCV coinfected patients on methadone maintenance (MM) was comparable to historic controls for coinfected genotype 1 patients. However, adverse effects often prevented therapy completion in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Low-dose peginterferon alfa-2a is safe and produces a sustained virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis C and end-stage renal disease.

Author: Peck-RadosavljevicMarkus, BoletisJohn, BesisikFatih, FerrazMaria Lúcia, AlricLaurent, SamuelDidier, MessingerDiethelm, TietzAndreas, CheinquerHugo

Hepatitis C treatment
Renal dysfunction

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of two dosages of peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C and end-stage renal disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

A phase-II study of combination of pegylated interferon alfa-2a and capecitabine in locally advanced or metastatic renal cell cancer.

Author: SunelaKaisa Leea, KoskinenSanna, Kellokumpu-LehtinenPirkko-Liisa

Cancer treatment
Reduced side effects
Unknown

This study evaluated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the combination of capecitabine and pegylated interferon alfa-2a in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

Peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin in hepatitis C virus patients nontolerant or nonresponsive to peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin.

Author: RustgiV K, EspositoS, HamzehF M, ShiffmanM L

Hepatitis C treatment
Adverse events

Peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin treatment is effective in patients who did not tolerate peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin due to adverse events.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Antiviral activity of telaprevir (VX-950) and peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with hepatitis C.

Author: ForestierNicole, ReesinkHendrik W, WeeginkChristine J, McNairLindsay, KiefferTara L, ChuHui-May, PurdySusan, JansenPeter L M, ZeuzemStefan

HCV treatment
Telaprevir efficacy
Adverse events
Viral breakthrough

Telaprevir, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease inhibitor, significantly reduced HCV RNA levels in a 14-day study. Telaprevir alone or in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a was well-tolerated, with undetectable HCV RNA levels in 4 patients receiving combination therapy and 1 patient receiving telaprevir alone.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

[Factors associated with HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with interferon alfa-2a].

Author: LiMing-hui, XieYao, WuYun-zhong, XuDao-zhen, LuZhi-meng, HouJin-lin, JiaJi-dong, WangYu-ming, ZhangShu-lin, RenHong, ChenXin-Yue

HBeAg seroconversion
Viral response

Viral response and early and sustained HBeAg seroconversion were associated with pretreatment ALT levels. HBeAg seroconversion was related to viral response during IFN treatment, but not to the baseline HBV DNA load.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Chinese

26.

Effect of sustained viral response on hepatic venous pressure gradient in hepatitis C-related cirrhosis.

Author: RobertsStuart, GordonAdam, McLeanCatriona, PedersenJohn, BowdenScott, ThomsonKenneth, AngusPeter

Improved hepatic histology
Reduced portal hypertension

This study investigated the effect of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin treatment on hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and compensated cirrhosis. The study aimed to determine if this treatment, known to improve hepatic histology, also affects portal hypertension.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Cosmetic permanent fillers for soft tissue augmentation: a new contraindication for interferon therapies.

Author: FischerJoerg, MetzlerGisela, SchallerMartin

Facial edema
Interferon interaction

Interferon therapy can lead to an exacerbation of pre-existing inflammation caused by permanent fillers, potentially leading to disfiguring facial edema. This case report highlights the potential long-term risk of using permanent fillers in patients receiving immunomodulatory therapy.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

28.

The treatment of chronic hepatitis C with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin in haemodialysed patients awaiting renal transplant.

Author: RendinaMaria, SchenaAntonio, CastellanetaNicola Maurizio, LositoFrancesco, AmorusoAnna Cinzia, StalloneGiovanni, SchenaFrancesco Paolo, Di LeoAlfredo, FrancavillaAntonio

HCV treatment
Anemia
Dermatitis
Treatment intolerance

Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin was effective in treating chronic HCV infection in patients on hemodialysis awaiting renal transplant. In a pilot study, 97% of treated patients achieved sustained virological response, compared to none of the untreated controls. The treatment was well tolerated, with a drop-out rate of 14%.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

29.

Efficacy and safety of peg-IFN alfa-2a with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV/HIV coinfected patients who failed previous IFN based therapy.

Author: Rodríguez-TorresMaribel, Rodríguez-OrengoJosé F, Ríos-BedoyaCarlos F, Fernández-CarbiaAlberto, González-LassalleElsa, Salgado-MercadoRosa, Marxuach-CuétaraAcisclo M

HCV treatment failure

This study examined the safety and efficacy of peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin in patients with HCV/HIV co-infection who had failed previous interferon therapies.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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