Effective treatment of peppermint oil: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Peppermint oil has been investigated for its potential benefits in various health conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders, skin conditions, and even pest control. 12 highlights the long-standing use of peppermint oil for alleviating gastrointestinal issues. 17 reports that peppermint oil is commonly used as an over-the-counter remedy for abdominal cramps and pain. 19 presents a meta-analysis suggesting that peppermint oil is more effective than a placebo in improving IBS symptoms. 25 describes a randomized controlled trial where both peppermint oil and a placebo led to improvements in IBS symptoms but found no statistically significant difference between the groups. 22 suggests a potential impact of peppermint oil on the gut microbiome in children with functional abdominal pain. 8 demonstrates insecticidal effects of peppermint oil against aphids and Colorado potato beetles. 14 reports larvicidal activity of peppermint oil against dengue fever mosquitoes. 10 explores the potential for enhancing insecticidal effects by encapsulating peppermint oil in nanoemulsions. 7 shows that peppermint oil can inhibit biofilm formation by foodborne pathogens. 24 highlights the antifungal properties of peppermint oil against soft rot in peppers. 23 suggests the potential for peppermint oil to prevent and treat calcium oxalate kidney stones. 5 explores the effects of aromatherapy massage with peppermint and lemon oils for menopausal symptoms.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Peppermint oil has shown potential benefits in various areas, including the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, such as IBS, digestive discomfort, and gall bladder issues. It may also be helpful in managing symptoms of the common cold, flu, and menopause. Additionally, peppermint oil has demonstrated antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and antifungal properties.

Risk Summary

Peppermint oil may cause side effects such as heartburn, allergic reactions, and skin irritation. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before using peppermint oil, especially if pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking certain medications.

Research Comparisons

Research Similarities

Many studies have investigated the potential of peppermint oil to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms and possess antimicrobial properties. However, the specific applications and effectiveness vary based on the research focus and methodology.

Research Differences

While numerous studies have shown promise for peppermint oil, inconsistencies exist in the results. For instance, some studies have reported positive effects on IBS symptoms, while others have not found statistically significant differences between peppermint oil and a placebo. These variations can be attributed to differences in study methodologies, participant characteristics, and the specific form of peppermint oil used. The occurrence and types of side effects have also varied across studies.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

While there is some consistency in findings regarding the positive effects of peppermint oil on the digestive system, the strength of these effects and the prevalence of side effects can vary. This highlights that peppermint oil may not be universally effective or safe for all individuals, and individual responses may differ.

Cautions for Real-World Application

While peppermint oil is readily available as an over-the-counter remedy, consulting with a healthcare professional before using it is crucial. This is particularly important for pregnant or breastfeeding women and those taking medications. It is also advisable to start with a small amount of peppermint oil and gradually increase the dose if needed, while monitoring for any adverse effects.

Limitations of Current Research

More research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and safety of peppermint oil. Large-scale studies with diverse populations are necessary to confirm its efficacy and establish optimal dosages and administration methods. Further investigation into the mechanisms of action of peppermint oil is also crucial to optimize its therapeutic potential.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on the following areas to further explore the potential of peppermint oil: * Elucidating the mechanisms by which peppermint oil alleviates IBS symptoms * Conducting long-term studies to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of peppermint oil * Investigating the efficacy of peppermint oil in other gastrointestinal disorders and conditions * Conducting large-scale, well-controlled clinical trials to obtain more definitive evidence and establish optimal dosages for various applications

Conclusion

Peppermint oil has shown promise in various health areas, with particular interest in its potential for treating gastrointestinal disorders. However, further research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and safety. If you are considering using peppermint oil, consulting with a healthcare professional is strongly recommended.

Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
23
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
4
2
2
3
24
1.

Effect of peppermint and eucalyptus oil preparations on neurophysiological and experimental algesimetric headache parameters.

Author: GöbelH, SchmidtG, SoykaD

Improved cognitive performance
Mental relaxation
Muscle relaxation
Reduced pain sensitivity

This study examined the effects of peppermint oil and eucalyptus oil preparations on cognitive function, muscle relaxation, mental relaxation, and pain sensitivity. A combination of peppermint, eucalyptus, and ethanol improved cognitive function, relaxed muscles and the mind, but did not significantly affect pain. A combination of peppermint oil and ethanol significantly reduced pain sensitivity, particularly for headaches. These findings suggest that essential oil preparations commonly used for headaches can have measurable effects on mechanisms related to headache physiology.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Effect of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastrointestinal motility in healthy volunteers: a pharmacodynamic study using simultaneous determination of gastric and gall-bladder emptying and orocaecal transit time.

Author: GoergK J, SpilkerTh

Gallbladder relaxation

Peppermint oil and caraway oil demonstrated a relaxing effect on the gallbladder, with peppermint oil also slowing small intestinal transit. Peppermint oil significantly prolonged the orocaecal transit time, while caraway oil did not.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

The Use of Fibers, Herbal Medicines and Spices in Children with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

Author: PopDaniela, PopRadu Samuel, FarcăuDorin

IBS treatment

This paper examines the benefits and side effects of herbal remedies and spices for children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The benefits of peppermint oil, STW5, psyllium fiber, Curcuma, ginger, and other herbal medicines are discussed based on current literature.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

The effect of aromatherapy massage with lemon and peppermint essential oil on menopausal symptoms: A double-blinded, randomized placebo controlled clinical trial.

Author: DönerŞerife İrem, Dağ TüzmenHafize, DuranBüşra, SunarFüsun

Menopausal symptom relief

This study investigated the effect of an aromatherapy massage with peppermint and lemon essential oil on menopausal symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Antibiofilm mechanism of peppermint essential oil to avert biofilm developed by foodborne and food spoilage pathogens on food contact surfaces.

Author: AshrafudoullaMd, MevoSenakpon Isaïe Ulrich, SongMinsu, ChowdhuryMd Anamul Hasan, ShailaShanjida, KimDuk Hyun, NaharShamsun, ToushikSazzad Hossen, ParkSi Hong, HaSang-Do

Antibiofilm activity

Peppermint oil demonstrated antibiofilm properties against several foodborne pathogens on various food contact surfaces. Peppermint oil significantly reduced biofilm formation and showed bactericidal properties, making it a potential tool for combating bacterial biofilms in food processing environments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

The Use of Peppermint Oil in Gastroenterology.

Author: ScarpelliniEmidio, BroedersBert, ScholJolien, SantoriPierangelo, AddariiMariachiara, BoccutoLuigi, CarboneFlorencia, AbenavoliLudovico, TackJan

Gastrointestinal relief

This review examines the use of mint, particularly peppermint, in addressing gastrointestinal disturbances. It focuses on menthol, the active ingredient in peppermint oil, and its various gastroenterological and non-gastroenterological uses, especially in the context of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

13.

An unexpected allergic skin reaction to peppermint oil capsules.

Author: SandersGabrielle

Abdominal colic management
Distension management
Peanut allergy
Soya allergy

Peppermint oil capsules are prescribed for postcaesarean section patients, but one formulation contains arachis (peanut) oil, which is contraindicated in patients with peanut and soya allergies. A case report highlights the need for clearer documentation of ingredients to ensure patient safety.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

15.

Gold Leaf-Based Microfluidic Platform for Detection of Essential Oils Using Impedance Spectroscopy.

Author: SinhaAnkita, StavrakisAdrian K, SimićMitar, KojićSanja, StojanovićGoran M

Biomedical applications
Controlled drug delivery

A conductive gold leaf-based microfluidic platform fabricated using xurography technique shows potential for controlled drug delivery applications, particularly in dentistry.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

16.

Menthacarin, a Proprietary Peppermint Oil and Caraway Oil Combination, Improves Multiple Complaints in Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: MadischAhmed, FrielingThomas, ZimmermannAndrea, HollenzMargrit, LabenzJoachim, StrackeBerenike, MiehlkeStephan

Improved FD symptoms
Reduced pain intensity

A meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials involving 580 patients with functional dyspepsia found that Menthacarin, a proprietary combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil, was effective in reducing pain intensity and improving overall condition compared to placebo. Menthacarin was also found to be safe and well-tolerated.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

18.

Herbal Approaches to Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain.

Author: CherryRebecca N, BlanchardSamra S, ChogleAshish, SantucciNeha R, MehtaKhyati, RussellAlexandra C

Effective as placebo
Herbal treatments for abdominal pain
Well tolerated
Limited high-quality data
Need for more robust studies

This article reviews the use of herbal remedies for treating abdominal pain in children, including peppermint oil, Iberogast, cannabis, fennel, and licorice. These remedies are generally considered safe and effective, but more research is needed to confirm their efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: efficacy of peppermint oil in irritable bowel syndrome.

Author: IngrossoMaria Rosa, IaniroGianluca, NeeJudy, LemboAnthony J, MoayyediPaul, BlackChristopher J, FordAlexander C

IBS symptom improvement
Adverse events

Peppermint oil was more effective than placebo for treating Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) symptoms, but adverse events were more frequent. The number needed to treat (NNT) for improvement in global IBS symptoms was 4, and for abdominal pain was 7. However, the relative risk of any adverse event was 1.57.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

20.

Integrated fecal microbiome-metabolome signatures reflect stress and serotonin metabolism in irritable bowel syndrome.

Author: MujagicZlatan, KasapiMelpomeni, JonkersDaisy Mae, Garcia-PerezIsabel, VorkLisa, WeertsZsa Zsa R M, Serrano-ContrerasJose Ivan, ZhernakovaAlexandra, KurilshikovAlexander, ScotcherJamie, HolmesElaine, WijmengaCisca, KeszthelyiDaniel, NicholsonJeremy K, PosmaJoram M, MascleeAd Am

Irritable bowel syndrome

This study investigated the fecal microbiota and metabolites of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, finding distinct profiles that could differentiate them from healthy controls with an accuracy of 83.6%. While the three classical IBS subtypes did not show significant differences, the study identified subsets of IBS patients with distinct microbiome-metabolome profiles linked to altered serotonin metabolism and unfavorable stress responses, supporting the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in IBS pathogenesis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Are They Side Effects? Extraintestinal Symptoms Reported During Clinical Trials of Irritable Bowel Syndrome May Be More Severe at Baseline.

Author: BallouSarah, HassanRafla, NeeJudy, IturrinoJohanna, RanganVikram, ChengVivian, ConboyLisa, KirschIrving, LemboAnthony, KaptchukTed J, KelleyJohn

Reduced extraintestinal symptoms

Participants with irritable bowel syndrome often experience extraintestinal symptoms at baseline, and these symptoms generally improve over the course of a clinical trial.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Peppermint oil effects on the gut microbiome in children with functional abdominal pain.

Author: ThapaSantosh, LunaRuth Ann, ChumpitaziBruno P, OezguenNuman, Abdel-RahmanSusan M, GargUttam, MusaadSalma, VersalovicJames, KearnsGregory L, ShulmanRobert J

Functional abdominal pain relief

Peppermint oil is used to treat functional abdominal pain. This study found that peppermint oil had a small effect on the gut microbiome, but more research is needed to understand its effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

25.

Peppermint Oil Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Author: NeeJudy, BallouSarah, KelleyJohn M, KaptchukTed J, HirschWilliam, KatonJesse, ChengVivian, RanganVikram, LemboAnthony, IturrinoJohanna

IBS symptom relief

Peppermint oil and placebo both showed clinically meaningful improvement in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, but there were no significant differences between the groups. More robust trials are needed to evaluate peppermint oil's role in IBS treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

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