Side Effects of rsv (respiratory syncytial virus) vaccine: A Synthesis of Findings from 20 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Multiple studies have shown that RSV vaccines are safe and effective for different age groups, including the elderly and infants. 5 shows that an RSV vaccine for older adults is safe and immunogenic. Also, 4 shows that RSV vaccines given to pregnant women are safe for their babies. Furthermore, 3 shows that RSV vaccines are safe and immunogenic for women of different ages.

However, 8 shows that the conventional RSV vaccine, FI-RSV vaccine, may cause vaccine-enhanced disease in infants who have been passively immunized by their mothers. In addition, 7 shows that RSV F VLP priming can prevent FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced lung inflammation and eosinophilia.

Reasons for Side Effects

RSV vaccines use components of the RSV virus or attenuated forms of the virus to induce immunity against the infection. As a result, side effects may occur occasionally after vaccination. Side effects are thought to be caused by an immune response to the components in the vaccine.

Common Side Effects

Pain at the Injection Site

Pain or swelling may occur at the injection site after receiving the RSV vaccine. 5 reports pain or swelling at the injection site in older adults who received the RSV vaccine.

Fever

Fever can occur after receiving the RSV vaccine. 5 reports fever as a side effect in older adults who received the RSV vaccine. Also, 4 reports fever as a side effect in pregnant women who received the RSV vaccine.

Fatigue

Fatigue, headache, and other side effects may occur after receiving the RSV vaccine. 4 reports fatigue as a side effect in pregnant women who received the RSV vaccine.

Respiratory Symptoms

Cough and runny nose may occur after receiving the RSV vaccine. 4 reports respiratory symptoms as a side effect in pregnant women who received the RSV vaccine.

Measures to Counter Side Effects

Pain at the Injection Site

Pain at the injection site can be relieved by applying cold compresses. 5 reports pain at the injection site as a side effect in older adults who received the RSV vaccine. Applying cold compresses to the injection site is recommended to reduce this side effect.

Fever

Fever can be relieved by taking antipyretics. 5 reports fever as a side effect in older adults who received the RSV vaccine. Taking antipyretics is recommended to reduce this side effect.

Fatigue

Fatigue can be relieved by getting enough rest. 4 reports fatigue as a side effect in pregnant women who received the RSV vaccine. Getting enough rest is recommended to reduce this side effect.

Respiratory Symptoms

Respiratory symptoms can be relieved by taking medications as directed by a doctor. 4 reports respiratory symptoms as a side effect in pregnant women who received the RSV vaccine. Taking medications as directed by a doctor is recommended to reduce this side effect.

Comparison between Studies

Similarities

Multiple studies have shown that RSV vaccines are safe and effective for different age groups, including the elderly and infants. 5 shows that an RSV vaccine for older adults is safe and immunogenic. Also, 4 shows that RSV vaccines given to pregnant women are safe for their babies. Furthermore, 3 shows that RSV vaccines are safe and immunogenic for women of different ages.

Differences

Studies show that there may be differences in immune responses to the RSV vaccine. 8 shows that the conventional RSV vaccine, FI-RSV vaccine, may cause vaccine-enhanced disease in infants who have been passively immunized by their mothers. On the other hand, 7 shows that RSV F VLP priming can prevent FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced lung inflammation and eosinophilia. These research results suggest that it is important to consider individual immune responses in the development of RSV vaccines.

Points to Note Regarding Application in Daily Life

RSV vaccines are an effective way to protect yourself from RSV infection. However, vaccines also carry the risk of side effects, so it is important to consult with a doctor before getting vaccinated. It is also important to continue taking preventive measures against infection, such as hand washing, even after getting vaccinated.

Limitations of Current Research

Current research needs further investigation on the long-term effects of RSV vaccines and their effectiveness in different age groups. Research is also needed to continue developing measures to reduce side effects such as vaccine-enhanced disease.

Future Research Directions

Future research should evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of RSV vaccines. Research should also continue to investigate the effectiveness of vaccines in different age groups and develop measures to reduce side effects.

Conclusion

RSV vaccines are an effective way to protect yourself from RSV infection. However, vaccines also carry the risk of side effects, so it is important to consult with a doctor before getting vaccinated. It is also important to continue taking preventive measures against infection, such as hand washing, even after getting vaccinated. It is hoped that research will continue to develop safer and more effective RSV vaccines.

Literature analysis of 20 papers
Positive Content
20
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
6
0
0
4
19
1.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention: A New Era of Vaccines.

Author: LeeCalvin Yee Fen, KhanSalman J, VishalFnu, AlamSadaf, MurtazaSyeda Fatima

RSV vaccine prevention

Two novel vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have recently been approved by the FDA: nirsevimab for infants and RSVPreF3 OA for adults. These vaccines offer significant protection against severe RSV infections and could have a major impact on public health.

EditorialAn article in which the editor or publisher expresses their opinion or perspective on a particular topic or issue. Its purpose is to convey a specific message or idea to the reader.

Language : English

2.

Mucosal Application of a Low-Energy Electron Inactivated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Shows Protective Efficacy in an Animal Model.

Author: EberleinValentina, AhrendsMareike, BayerLea, FinkensieperJulia, BeseckeJoana Kira, MansurogluYaser, StandfestBastian, LangeFranziska, SchopfSimone, ThomaMartin, DressmanJennifer, HesseChristina, UlbertSebastian, GrunwaldThomas

Mucosal immunity
RSV vaccination
None mentioned

This study evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of a low-energy electron irradiated RSV (LEEI-RSV) formulated with phosphatidylcholine-liposomes (PC-LEEI-RSV). Intranasal vaccination with PC-LEEI-RSV showed a significant reduction in viral load after RSV challenge, highlighting its potential as a mucosal vaccine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Immunogenicity and Safety of 3 Formulations of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Candidate Vaccine in Nonpregnant Women: A Phase 2, Randomized Trial.

Author: SchwarzTino F, McPheeRoderick A, LaunayOdile, Leroux-RoelsGeert, TalliJaak, PicciolatoMarta, GaoFeng, CaiRongman, NguyenThi Lien-Anh, DieussaertIlse, MillerJacqueline M, SchmidtAlexander C

Antibody induction
Well tolerated

An investigational respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, RSV-PreF, was found to be well tolerated and induced RSV-A and RSV-B neutralizing antibodies in healthy, nonpregnant women. Three formulations of the vaccine, containing 30 µg, 60 µg, or 120 µg of RSV fusion protein, were tested. The 120 µg formulation elicited significantly higher antibody titers than the 30 µg formulation.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion (F) Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine in Healthy Third-Trimester Pregnant Women and Their Infants.

Author: MuňozFlor M, SwamyGeeta K, HickmanSomia P, AgrawalSapeckshita, PiedraPedro A, GlennGregory M, PatelNita, AugustAllison M, ChoIksung, FriesLouis

Antibody transfer
Infant protection

A phase 2 study of 50 healthy third-trimester pregnant women showed that an RSV fusion protein nanoparticle vaccine was well tolerated and significantly increased RSV-specific antibody levels.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Novel genetically-modified chimpanzee adenovirus and MVA-vectored respiratory syncytial virus vaccine safely boosts humoral and cellular immunity in healthy older adults.

Author: GreenChristopher A, SandeCharles J, ScarselliElisa, CaponeStefania, VitelliAlessandra, NicosiaAlfredo, Silva-ReyesLaura, ThompsonAmber J, de LaraCatherine M, TaylorKathryn S, HaworthKathryn, HutchingsClaire L, CargillTamsin, AngusBrian, KlenermanPaul, PollardAndrew J

RSV prevention

The replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus (PanAd3-RSV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA-RSV) vaccines, shown to be safe and immunogenic in young adults, were also found to be safe and immunogenic in healthy older adults aged 60-75 years. This suggests potential for broader application of these RSV vaccines.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

A Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Based on the Small Hydrophobic Protein Ectodomain Presented With a Novel Lipid-Based Formulation Is Highly Immunogenic and Safe in Adults: A First-in-Humans Study.

Author: LangleyJoanne M, MacDonaldLisa D, WeirGenevieve M, MacKinnon-CameronDonna, YeLingyun, McNeilShelly, SchepensBert, SaelensXavier, StanfordMarianne M, HalperinScott A

Immunogenicity
Sustained antibody response

A novel synthetic respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antigen based on the ectodomain of the small hydrophobic glycoprotein (SHe) of RSV subgroup A, formulated with the lipid and oil-based vaccine platform DepoVax (DPX-RSV[A]), was highly immunogenic, with sustained antigen-specific antibody responses, and had an acceptable safety profile.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice.

Author: MartinezElisa C, GargRavendra, ShrivastavaPratima, GomisSusantha, van Drunen Littel-van den HurkSylvia

RSV prevention

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory infections. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a novel formulation consisting of poly(I:C), an innate defense regulator peptide, and a polyphosphazene in protecting mice against pneumonia virus of mice (PVM).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Fc receptors and their influence on efficacy of therapeutic antibodies for treatment of viral diseases.

Author: ChanKuan Rong, OngEugenia Z, MokDarren Z L, OoiEng Eong

Virus neutralization
Side effects

This review discusses the role of Fc-gamma receptors (FcγRs) in the development of therapeutic antibodies for viral diseases.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of a live, attenuated respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine in seronegative children.

Author: BernsteinDavid I, MalkinElissa, AbughaliNazha, FalloonJudith, YiTingting, DubovskyFilip,

RSV/PIV3 vaccine

A phase 1, dose-escalating study of a live, attenuated RSV/PIV3 chimeric virus vaccine candidate (MEDI-534) in 49 healthy RSV/PIV3-seronegative children aged 6 to 24 months found that the vaccine was well tolerated, with no evidence of enhanced RSV disease or vaccine-related serious adverse events. The vaccine was also immunogenic, with seroresponse to RSV and PIV3 highest in subjects receiving the highest dose.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Antiviral and lung protective activity of a novel respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor in a mouse model.

Author: OlszewskaW, IspasG, SchnoellerC, SawantD, Van de CasteeleT, NauwelaersD, Van KerckhoveB, RoymansD, De MeulderM, RouanM C, Van RemoortereP, BonfantiJ F, Van VelsenF, KoulA, VanstockemM, AndriesK, SowinskiP, WangB, OpenshawP, VerloesR

Antiviral effect
Reduced lung inflammation

TMC353121 is a novel drug that inhibits the fusion of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and has shown promising antiviral effects in mice. Treatment with TMC353121 significantly reduced viral load and lung inflammation in mice infected with RSV. The drug was most effective when administered within 48 hours of infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Respiratory syncytial virus prevention: past and present strategies.

Author: GreenoughA, ThomasM

RSV prophylaxis
Reduced hospitalization
CHD adverse events

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory illness in young children. Immunoprophylaxis with RSV immunoglobulin or palivizumab is recommended for high-risk infants. Palivizumab is the preferred agent due to its better safety profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

Respiratory viral infections in the elderly.

Author: TreanorJ, FalseyA

Prevent influenza

This study reviewed the treatment options for viral respiratory infections in the elderly.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Active and passive immunisation against respiratory syncytial virus.

Author: ZambonM

RSV vaccination

RSV is a significant cause of respiratory illness in various age groups, but effective vaccines and treatments remain elusive.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine (PFP-2) in the institutionalized elderly.

Author: FalseyA R, WalshE E

Immunogenic
Well tolerated

PFP-2 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine was well-tolerated and relatively immunogenic in frail elderly individuals, although the response rate was slightly lower compared to healthy elderly.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine (PFP-2) in ambulatory adults over age 60.

Author: FalseyA R, WalshE E

RSV infection prevention
RSV vaccine

A purified fusion protein (PFP-2) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine was found to be safe and immunogenic in older adults, with no significant acute side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Immunogenicity and safety of respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine in seropositive children 18-36 months old.

Author: TristramD A, WelliverR C, MoharC K, HogermanD A, HildrethS W, ParadisoP

Immunogenicity
RSV prevention

This study found that a subunit vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was safe and effective in children who had previously been infected with RSV. The vaccine was effective at preventing infection in these children.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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