Effective treatment of seasonal allergies: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

This study aimed to characterize, via pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling, the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, the main active ingredient of ephedra, in apparently healthy, overweight volunteers. The analysis revealed that ephedrine significantly increased heart rate and blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. The researchers found a strong correlation between ephedrine's plasma concentration and the observed changes in cardiovascular parameters, suggesting a direct link between ephedrine levels and its cardiovascular effects. This study emphasizes the potential cardiovascular risks associated with ephedrine, particularly for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions or those taking other medications that can affect the cardiovascular system. 1

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

This study provides valuable insights into the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, highlighting the potential risks associated with its use. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling employed in this study offers a quantitative approach to understanding the relationship between ephedrine levels and its cardiovascular impact, enhancing our knowledge about the drug's effects on the body. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the potential risks associated with ephedrine use, particularly for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.

Risk Summary

The study reveals that ephedrine can have significant cardiovascular effects, including increases in heart rate and blood pressure. These findings underscore the need for caution when using ephedrine, especially for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. The dose-dependent nature of these effects suggests that higher doses or prolonged use could potentially pose greater cardiovascular risks. Therefore, it is crucial to approach ephedrine use with caution and to consult a healthcare professional before taking any ephedrine-containing supplements.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities Among Studies

Several studies have investigated the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, with consistent findings across different research endeavors. A significant number of studies have shown a clear association between ephedrine use and an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, indicating a common physiological response to the drug. Furthermore, research consistently highlights the potential risks associated with ephedrine use for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, reinforcing the need for caution and careful monitoring.

Differences Among Studies

While there is a general consensus regarding ephedrine's impact on the cardiovascular system, some variations exist in the research methodology and findings. For example, different studies might utilize varying dosages of ephedrine, involve different participant populations, or employ distinct methods for measuring cardiovascular parameters. These differences can lead to variations in the observed effects, underscoring the need for further investigation to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the drug's effects under diverse conditions. Moreover, studies might focus on specific aspects of ephedrine's effects, such as its impact on heart rate, blood pressure, or other cardiovascular parameters. This focus on specific aspects can contribute to a more nuanced understanding of ephedrine's effects on the cardiovascular system but also highlights the need for research that explores a broader range of cardiovascular effects.

Consistency and Discrepancies in Results

The research on the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine presents a mixed picture. While some studies consistently demonstrate a link between ephedrine use and an increased risk of cardiovascular problems, others have reported less conclusive findings. This inconsistency can be attributed to several factors, such as the study design, the specific population studied, the dosages used, and the methods employed to measure cardiovascular effects. The variability in results underscores the need for further research to comprehensively assess the cardiovascular risks associated with ephedrine use.

Cautions for Practical Application

The findings from this study and other relevant research emphasize the need for caution when using ephedrine-containing supplements, especially for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. Those considering the use of ephedrine should consult a healthcare professional to discuss their individual risks and potential benefits. Regular monitoring of cardiovascular parameters and adherence to prescribed dosage guidelines can help minimize potential risks associated with ephedrine use.

Limitations of the Current Study

This study has limitations that should be considered when interpreting its findings. The study's relatively small sample size could limit the generalizability of the results to a broader population. Additionally, the study focused on healthy, overweight volunteers, so the findings may not be directly applicable to individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions or those taking other medications. Moreover, the study assessed only the short-term effects of ephedrine, so it is uncertain what the long-term effects might be. Future research should address these limitations to provide a more complete understanding of the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to better understand the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, particularly in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions and those taking other medications. Long-term studies are also necessary to assess the potential long-term effects of ephedrine on the cardiovascular system. Finally, research is needed to develop safe guidelines for ephedrine use and to identify potential strategies for mitigating the cardiovascular risks associated with its use.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insights into the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, demonstrating a significant dose-dependent increase in heart rate and blood pressure. The findings highlight the need for caution when using ephedrine, especially for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional before taking any ephedrine-containing supplements and to carefully consider the potential risks associated with its use. Further research is needed to comprehensively assess the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine under diverse conditions and to develop safe guidelines for its use.

Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
17
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
7
Article Type
4
1
1
7
24
1.

Modelling the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine.

Author: PerskyAdam M, BerryN Seth, PollackGary M, BrouwerKim L R

Cardiovascular effects

The study aimed to characterize, via pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling, the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, the main active ingredient of ephedra, in apparently healthy, overweight volunteers.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

3.

Allergic Rhinitis.

Author: CzechEric J, OverholserAndrew, SchultzPaul

Allergic rhinitis management
Secondary effects

This article provides an overview of allergic rhinitis, a common ailment that often presents in primary and acute care settings. It outlines the clinical diagnosis based on history and physical examination, and the need for referral to an allergist when symptoms are difficult to manage or further testing is desired. The article also emphasizes the importance of managing allergic rhinitis effectively to prevent secondary effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

Number of patient-reported asthma triggers predicts uncontrolled disease among specialist-treated patients with severe asthma.

Author: ChippsBradley E, SoongWeily, PanettieriReynold A, CarrWarner, GandhiHitesh, ZhouWenjiong, CookBill, LlanosJean-Pierre, AmbroseChristopher S

Asthma exacerbation
Asthma hospitalization

An observational study of 2793 patients with severe asthma (SA) found that the number of patient-reported asthma triggers was positively and significantly associated with greater uncontrolled disease burden across multiple measures, including exacerbations, hospitalizations, quality of life, and work productivity.

Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Clinical trials in allergen immunotherapy: current concepts and future needs.

Author: PfaarO, AlvaroM, CardonaV, HamelmannE, MösgesR, Kleine-TebbeJ

Allergic asthma treatment
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis treatment

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a safe and effective treatment for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma. However, there is a need for more standardized clinical trials to improve the evidence base and ensure more consistent outcomes. The authors propose several recommendations to enhance the design and reporting of AIT trials, including standardized provocation tests, monitoring for new allergies, and the use of e-health and m-health technologies to collect more data.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema: A review of the literature.

Author: BrownTeresa, GonzalezJimmy, MonteleoneCatherine

Angioedema

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are commonly prescribed antihypertensives, but can cause a serious side effect: angioedema. This side effect occurs in 0.20% of patients who start ACEIs. Blacks, women, and smokers are at increased risk for ACEI-induced angioedema.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Cypress Pollinosis: from Tree to Clinic.

Author: CharpinDenis, PichotChristian, BelmonteJordina, SutraJean-Pierre, ZidkovaJarmila, ChanezPascal, ShahaliYoucef, SénéchalHélène, PoncetPascal

Cypress allergy treatment
Immunotherapy
Cypress allergy
Pollen food syndrome

This review provides a comprehensive overview of cypress allergy, including its prevalence, allergens, clinical manifestations, treatment options, and avoidance strategies. Cypress allergy is a significant concern in Mediterranean areas, with increasing prevalence due to global warming.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Allergic rhinitis, environmental triggers and treatment modalities.

Author: EstesMary Ellen Zator

Allergic rhinitis treatment

This article discusses the management of allergic rhinitis in women, emphasizing the importance of identifying environmental triggers and creating a multifaceted treatment plan.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Pollen count and presentation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema.

Author: StrakaBrittany, NianHui, SloanChantel, ByrdJames Brian, Woodard-GriceAlencia, YuChang, StoneElizabeth, StevenGary, HartertTina, TeoKoon K, PareGuillaume, McCartyCatherine A, BrownNancy J

Angioedema

Patients with ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema are more likely to present with this adverse drug event during months when pollen counts are increased.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

18.

A phase 3 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of grass allergy immunotherapy tablet in subjects with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis with or without conjunctivitis, with or without asthma.

Author: MurphyKevin, GawchikSandra, BernsteinDavid, AndersenJens, PedersenMartin Rud

Reduced allergic rhinitis

This study evaluated grass allergy immunotherapy tablet (AIT) treatment in adults with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Efficacy of intranasal steroid spray (mometasone furoate) on treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: comparison with oral corticosteroids.

Author: KarakiMasayuki, AkiyamaKosuke, MoriNozomu

Allergic rhinitis relief
Nasal symptom management
Side effects
Topical corticosteroid use

Intranasal corticosteroids and systemic oral corticosteroids are both effective treatments for allergic rhinitis. This study compared the efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) and betamethasone oral tablets (BOT) in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Results showed that both treatments were effective in managing nasal symptoms, but MFNS was more commonly preferred due to fewer side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

Sources of bacteria in outdoor air across cities in the midwestern United States.

Author: BowersRobert M, SullivanAmy P, CostelloElizabeth K, CollettJeff L, KnightRob, FiererNoah

Airborne bacteria
Allergic asthma
Seasonal allergies

Airborne bacteria, a significant component of organic aerosols, can significantly impact human health. This study revealed a surprising diversity of bacterial communities in the atmosphere, influenced by seasonality. Dog feces were identified as a key source of airborne bacteria, particularly during winter in urban areas.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

22.

Development of a sublingual allergy vaccine for grass pollinosis.

Author: FratiFranco, ScuratiSilvia, PuccinelliPaola, DavidMarie, HilaireCecile, CapecceMaurizio, MarcucciFrancesco, IncorvaiaCristoforo

Allergic rhinitis treatment
Asthma treatment

Staloral, a grass pollen allergen extract, is a safe and effective treatment for seasonal allergies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

23.

Immunogenic yeast-based fermentation product reduces allergic rhinitis-induced nasal congestion: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: MoyadMark A, RobinsonLarry E, KittelsrudJulie M, ReevesStuart G, WeaverSusan E, GuzmanAireen I, BubakMark E

Allergic rhinitis treatment

This study tested the effects of an oral yeast-derived compound on nasal congestion and other allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Development of an allergen extract for sublingual immunotherapy--evaluation of Staloral.

Author: FratiFranco, ScuratiSilvia, PuccinelliPaola, JusticiaJosé Luis, AdamecThomas, SieberHans Jochen, RasLisbeth, DavidMarie, MarcucciFrancesco, IncorvaiaCristoforo

Asthma treatment
Rhinitis treatment

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is an effective treatment for rhinitis and asthma caused by allergies, and requires higher doses of allergens than subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

25.

Risk of hypospadias in offspring of women using loratadine during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: SchwarzEleanor B, MorettiMyla E, NayakSmita, KorenGideon

Safe for pregnancy
No hypospadias risk

A meta-analysis of observational studies suggests that loratadine use during pregnancy does not significantly increase the risk of hypospadias in male offspring.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

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