Side Effects of vismodegib: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Vismodegib is an oral hedgehog-pathway inhibitor that has been shown to be effective in treating advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC). 7 , 8 Vismodegib is approved for the treatment of patients with advanced BCC for whom surgery is inappropriate. 8 The study found that a combination of ablative fractional laser and a microemulsion formulation of vismodegib could be a safer and more efficient treatment for BCC. 6 The results showed that vismodegib can be administered safely to renal transplant patients. 16

Reasons for Side Effects

Vismodegib is a hedgehog-pathway inhibitor that blocks the signaling pathway involved in BCC growth. 12 Because the hedgehog pathway is important for cell growth and differentiation, inhibiting it can lead to various side effects. 12

Common Side Effects

Taste Disturbances

The most common side effect of vismodegib is taste disturbances. 15 , 14 , 24 , 17 100% of patients taking vismodegib reported taste disturbances, and 50% discontinued treatment due to this side effect. 17 This is thought to be caused by vismodegib affecting the taste buds and inhibiting the function of the taste nerves. 17

Muscle Cramps

Vismodegib can also cause muscle cramps. 14 Muscle cramps are thought to be caused by vismodegib affecting muscle cells. 14

Alopecia

Vismodegib can also cause alopecia. 14 Alopecia is thought to be caused by vismodegib affecting the cells of the hair follicles. 14

Weight Loss

Vismodegib can cause weight loss. 24 Weight loss is thought to be caused by vismodegib suppressing appetite or altering metabolism. 24

Other Side Effects

Other potential side effects of vismodegib include nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fatigue, joint pain, and rash. 15 , 4 , 14 , 11

Side Effect Countermeasures

Taste Disturbances

Dietary therapy and nutritional counseling can be effective for taste disturbances. 14 , 24 It is important to maintain a balanced diet even if your taste buds change. 24 Treatment may be discontinued if dysgeusia is severe. 14

Muscle Cramps

To address muscle cramps, drugs such as quinine may be taken. 14 Stretching and massage can also help. 14

Alopecia

To address alopecia, hats or wigs may be worn. 14 Consult a doctor if you are concerned about alopecia. 14

Weight Loss

To address weight loss, you can eat a high-calorie diet or take nutritional supplements. 24 Consult a doctor if you are concerned about weight loss. 24

Comparison of Studies

Common Points of Research

Many studies have shown that vismodegib is effective in treating advanced BCC. 7 , 8 Many studies have reported that vismodegib causes side effects such as taste disturbances, muscle cramps, and alopecia. 15 , 14

Differences in Research

The method of administration, dosage, and frequency of side effects of vismodegib vary depending on the study. 7 , 8 , 6 , 16 Some studies have reported that vismodegib causes weight loss and other side effects, while other studies have not reported such side effects. 24 , 11

Points to Note Regarding Application to Real Life

Vismodegib is an effective drug for the treatment of advanced BCC, but it carries the risk of side effects. 12 If you are considering taking vismodegib, it is important to consult a doctor and understand the risks and benefits of the drug before making a decision. 12 You should also have regular checkups with your doctor while taking vismodegib. 12

Current Research Limitations

The long-term safety and efficacy of vismodegib have not yet been fully elucidated. 4 Resistance to vismodegib is also a problem. 4 If these issues are clarified in future research, vismodegib could become an even more effective drug for the treatment of advanced BCC. 4

Future Directions for Research

Future research is needed on the long-term safety and efficacy of vismodegib, ways to overcome resistance to vismodegib, and ways to reduce the side effects of vismodegib. 4 , 13 , 3 Research and development of treatments combining vismodegib with other therapies is also promising. 18

Conclusion

Vismodegib is an effective drug for the treatment of advanced BCC, but it carries the risk of side effects. 12 If you are considering taking vismodegib, it is important to consult a doctor and understand the risks and benefits of the drug before making a decision. 12 Vismodegib side effects can be reduced through dietary therapy, nutritional counseling, and drug therapy. 14 , 24

Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
23
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
0
Article Type
0
2
2
10
22
1.

Vigabatrin for refractory partial epilepsy.

Author: HemmingKarla, MaguireMelissa J, HuttonJane L, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment
Visual field constriction

Vigabatrin, an antiepileptic drug for refractory epilepsy, is generally well-tolerated. However, long-term use has been associated with asymptomatic visual field constriction, highlighting the need for monitoring during treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

2.

Vigabatrin for refractory partial epilepsy.

Author: HemmingKarla, MaguireMelissa J, HuttonJane L, MarsonAnthony G

Refractory epilepsy treatment
Visual field constriction

Vigabatrin is an antiepileptic drug that is used for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. Although vigabatrin is generally well tolerated, it can cause asymptomatic visual field constriction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

3.

Targeted inhibition of Hedgehog-GLI signaling by novel acylguanidine derivatives inhibits melanoma cell growth by inducing replication stress and mitotic catastrophe.

Author: PietrobonoSilvia, SantiniRoberta, GagliardiSinforosa, DapportoFrancesca, ColecchiaDavid, ChiarielloMario, LeoneCosima, ValotiMassimo, ManettiFabrizio, PetricciElena, TaddeiMaurizio, SteccaBarbara

Inhibits tumor growth
Melanoma treatment
No weight loss
Drug resistance
Side effects

SMO inhibitors, like Vismodegib, are used for cancer treatment. This study investigates two novel SMO inhibitors, compounds (1) and (2), for their anti-melanoma effects and potential mechanisms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Emerging drugs and combination strategies for basal cell carcinoma.

Author: DreierJil, DummerReinhard, FeldererLea, NägeliMirjam, GobbiSharon, KunstfeldRainer

BCC treatment
Acquired resistance

Smoothened inhibitors are a promising new treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), but more long-term data are needed to understand their effectiveness and the optimal duration of treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma Via Binary Ethosomes of Vismodegib: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Author: FAmr Gamal, SayedOssama M, Abo El-ElaFatma I, KharshoumRasha M, SalemHeba F

BCC treatment
Lower side effects

Vismodegib-loaded binary ethosome gel effectively targeted basal cell skin cancer with localized drug delivery. It showed significant anti-tumor activity compared to oral vismodegib.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Enhanced and Sustained Cutaneous Delivery of Vismodegib by Ablative Fractional Laser and Microemulsion Formulation.

Author: OlesenUffe Høgh, ClergeaudGael, HendelKristoffer Kjærgaard, YeungKelvin, LercheCatharina Margrethe, AndresenThomas Lars, HaedersdalMerete

Basal cell carcinoma treatment

This study investigated the approach of combining ablative fractional laser-assisted drug delivery with an extended-release microemulsion formulation of vismodegib for basal cell carcinoma treatment. The approach resulted in sustained topical delivery of vismodegib at high concentrations with favorable skin tolerability.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

An investigator-initiated open-label clinical trial of vismodegib as a neoadjuvant to surgery for high-risk basal cell carcinoma.

Author: AllyMina Sarah, AasiSumaira, WysongAshley, TengClaudia, AndersonEric, Bailey-HealyIrene, OroAnthony, KimJinah, ChangAnne Lynn, TangJean Yuh

Reduced surgical defect area
Side effects

Neoadjuvant vismodegib reduced surgical defect area when taken for 3 months or longer for nonrecurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCCs) in functionally sensitive locations. Further studies are warranted.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma (STEVIE): a pre-planned interim analysis of an international, open-label trial.

Author: Basset-SeguinNicole, HauschildAxel, GrobJean-Jacques, KunstfeldRainer, DrénoBrigitte, MortierLaurent, AsciertoPaolo A, LicitraLisa, DutriauxCaroline, ThomasLuc, JouaryThomas, MeyerNicolas, GuillotBernard, DummerReinhard, FifeKate, ErnstD Scott, WilliamsSarah, FittipaldoAlberto, XynosIoannis, HanssonJohan

Treats basal cell carcinoma

This article describes the STEVIE study, which was designed to assess the safety of vismodegib, a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma. The study aims to gather safety data in a real-world setting with long-term follow-up.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Intraventricular SHH inhibition proves efficient in SHH medulloblastoma mouse model and prevents systemic side effects.

Author: KresbachCatena, HolstLea, SchoofMelanie, LevenTara, GöbelCarolin, NeyaziSina, TischendorfJacqueline, LooseCarolin, WrzeszczAntonina, YorganTimur, RutkowskiStefan, SchüllerUlrich

Medulloblastoma treatment
Vismodegib efficacy
Epiphyseal growth plate fusion

This review discusses the potential of intraventricular Vismodegib application as a novel treatment strategy for pediatric medulloblastoma patients. This approach may provide a targeted therapy for SHH medulloblastoma, minimizing systemic side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

mTHPC mediated, systemic photodynamic therapy (PDT) for nonmelanoma skin cancers: Case and literature review.

Author: HorlingsRudolf K, TerraJorrit B, WitjesMax J H

NMSC treatment

This study investigates the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC) to treat multiple nonmelanoma skin cancers.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Efficacy and safety of Vismodegib treatment in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma and multiple comorbidities.

Author: SpalloneGiulia, SollenaPietro, VenturaAlessandra, FargnoliMaria C, GutierrezCarlota, PiccerilloAlfredo, TamboneSara, BianchiLuca, PerisKetty

BCC treatment
Safe for elderly
Grade I and II side effects

This study examines the safety and efficacy of vismodegib, a hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor, in treating advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. It finds that vismodegib is well-tolerated and effective in this patient population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Managing adverse events associated with vismodegib in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

Author: FifeKate, HerdRobert, LalondrelleSusan, PlummerRuth, StrongAmy, JonesSarah, LearJohn T

Effective for advanced basal cell carcinoma
Alopecia
Muscle cramps
Taste disturbances

Vismodegib is a hedgehog pathway inhibitor that is effective for treating advanced basal cell carcinomas. Common side effects of vismodegib are taste disturbances, muscle cramps and alopecia. Managing patient expectations, treatment breaks and quinine to alleviate muscle cramps, food swaps and dietician referral for taste disturbances were considered important for successfully managing side effects and allowing optimal treatment duration.

Consensus Development ConferenceA conference organized by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop consensus and recommendations on medical issues.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Vismodegib Experience in a Renal Transplant Patient With Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Author: RahatliSamed, OguzArzu, AltundagOzden, HaberalMehmet

basal cell carcinoma treatment
minimal side effects

Vismodegib is an effective treatment option for cases of locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

17.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in taste buds diminishes chemotherapy induced taste loss.

Author: Vukmanovic NosratIrina, PalaciosJerry L, KezianSteven, LuongGloria, TranAndrew, VuKim, HensonBradley S, NosratPhilip, LutfyKabirullah, NosratChristopher A

BCC treatment
Dysgeusia

This study explored the effects of BDNF overexpression in taste buds on vismodegib-induced dysgeusia in mice. Mice with BDNF overexpression showed significantly improved taste detection compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that BDNF may help prevent degeneration of taste buds and improve patient compliance with vismodegib treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Safety and efficacy of combined radiotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted agents in elderly patients: A literature review.

Author: BelgioiaLiliana, DesideriIsacco, ErricoAngelo, FranzeseCiro, DaidoneAntonino, MarinoLorenza, FioreMichele, BorghettiPaolo, GretoDaniela, FiorentinoAlba,

TT/IT with RT safety
limited data

The combination of radiotherapy (RT) with targeted therapy/immunotherapy (TT/IT) seems safe in elderly patients, but more data are needed to assess safety and toxicity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

Pharmacological evaluation of a series of smoothened antagonists in signaling pathways and after topical application in a depilated mouse model.

Author: LauresserguesEmilie, HeuslerPeter, LestienneFabrice, TroulierDavid, Rauly-LestienneIsabelle, TouretteAmélie, AilhaudMarie-Christine, CathalaClaudie, TardifStéphanie, Denais-LalièveDelphine, CalmettesMarie-Thérèse, DegryseAnne-Dominique, DumoulinAntoine, De VriesLuc, CussacDidier

Basal cell carcinoma treatment
Side effects

The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is a target for treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Vismodegib and sonidegib are oral medications approved for treatment of advanced BCC but they produce side effects. We compared a large series of SMO antagonists, including GDC-0449 and LDE-225, to assess their potency. We found that LEQ-506 and TAK-441 were effective and may be suitable for topical treatment of less invasive BCC with fewer side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

Efficacy of Vismodegib (Erivedge) for Basal Cell Carcinoma Involving the Orbit and Periocular Area.

Author: DemirciHakan, WordenFrancis, NelsonChristine C, ElnerVictor M, KahanaAlon

Complete response
Tumor shrinkage
Alopecia
Constipation
Diarrhea
Dysgeusia
Dysosmia
Muscle spasm

Basal cell carcinoma with orbital extension and extensive periocular involvement responds to vismodegib therapy with a mean 83% shrinkage in tumor size. The most common side effects were muscle spasm (75%), alopecia (50%), and dysgeusia (25%).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of vismodegib in two patients with metastatic basal cell carcinoma and basal cell nevus syndrome.

Author: WeissGlen J, TibesRaoul, BlaydornLisa, JamesonGayle, DownhourMolly, WhiteErica, CaroIvor, Von HoffDaniel D

BCC treatment

Vismodegib is a medication used to treat advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This report describes the experience of two patients who have been treated with vismodegib for over two years without experiencing significant side effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

24.

Dysgeusia and weight loss under treatment with vismodegib: benefit of nutritional management.

Author: Le MoigneMarie, Saint-JeanMélanie, JirkaAdam, QuéreuxGaëlle, PeuvrelLucie, BrocardAnabelle, GaultierAurélie, KhammariAmir, DarmaunDominique, DrénoBrigitte

Basal cell carcinoma treatment
Dysgeusia
Weight loss

Vismodegib is effective in the treatment of locally advanced/metastatic basal cell carcinoma, but dysgeusia and weight loss are common side effects of such treatment. This study monitored the nutritional status of vismodegib-treated patients. The incidence of dysgeusia and the benefit of early nutritional management were also assessed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

25.

Emerging noninvasive treatments of nonmelanoma skin cancers.

Author: TongdeeEmily, PsomadakisCorinna Eleni, PakaPavan, MarghoobNadeem, MarkowitzOrit

NMSC treatment
Side effects

Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common type of skin cancer, and its incidence is increasing. New and potential treatments include topical sonidegib, cemiplimab, taladegib, posaconazole, radiation therapy, and laser therapies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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