Side Effects of ampicillin: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Findings

Ampicillin is a widely used antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections. Various studies have confirmed the effectiveness and safety of ampicillin, but some patients have reported side effects. 7 reports a patient who experienced a serious side effect from allopurinol, a severe exfoliative rash and signs of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome. The patient recovered after the medication was withdrawn. 18 indicates that ampicillin is one of the main culprits behind skin allergic reactions, such as urticaria and maculopapular rash, among β-lactam antibiotics. Furthermore, 23 describes numerous cases of side effects associated with intrathecal administration of ampicillin in the 1940s and 1950s. These side effects can potentially be mitigated through the correct administration of ampicillin.

Reasons for Side Effects

Ampicillin side effects can occur due to allergic reactions to the drug or the accumulation of the drug in the body without being broken down. Ampicillin can also disrupt the balance of intestinal flora, leading to side effects such as diarrhea and indigestion. 18

Common Side Effects

Skin Rash

Ampicillin can cause skin rashes. 7 , 18 . These rashes can range from severe exfoliative rash to milder forms. 7

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Ampicillin can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. 9 . This can be caused by ampicillin disrupting the balance of intestinal flora. 9

Liver Dysfunction

Ampicillin can cause liver dysfunction. 6 . Liver dysfunction may occur during the metabolism of ampicillin in the liver.

Kidney Dysfunction

Ampicillin can cause kidney dysfunction. 7 . Kidney dysfunction may occur during the excretion of ampicillin through the kidneys.

Hypersensitivity

Ampicillin can cause hypersensitivity reactions. 7 . Hypersensitivity reactions may be caused by allergic reactions to ampicillin.

Measures to Counteract Side Effects

Skin Rash

If a skin rash develops, stop taking ampicillin and consult your doctor. 7

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

If gastrointestinal symptoms develop, stop taking ampicillin and consult your doctor. 9 . It is important to stay hydrated to alleviate the symptoms. 9

Liver Dysfunction

If liver dysfunction develops, stop taking ampicillin and consult your doctor. 6 . Liver dysfunction often improves after stopping ampicillin. 6

Kidney Dysfunction

If kidney dysfunction develops, stop taking ampicillin and consult your doctor. 7 . Kidney dysfunction often improves after stopping ampicillin. 7

Hypersensitivity

If a hypersensitivity reaction develops, stop taking ampicillin and consult your doctor. 7 . Hypersensitivity is caused by an allergic reaction to ampicillin, so it is important to avoid using ampicillin again to prevent recurrence. 7

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities

Many studies have confirmed that ampicillin is an effective antibiotic for various bacterial infections. 12 , 4 , 21 , 15 , 16 .

Differences

Ampicillin side effects can vary depending on the patient and the method of administration. 7 , 18 , 23 . For example, 7 reports serious side effects from ampicillin, while other studies report only minor side effects. 12 , 4 , 21 , 15 , 16 . The type and severity of side effects can also vary depending on the method of ampicillin administration. 23

Precautions for Application in Real Life

Ampicillin is an effective drug for treating bacterial infections, but it can cause side effects. 7 , 18 , 23 . Therefore, it is essential to follow your doctor's instructions and take the correct dosage when taking ampicillin. 7 , 18 , 23 . If you experience any side effects, consult your doctor immediately. 7 , 18 , 23

Limitations of Current Research

Research on ampicillin side effects is still insufficient. 7 , 18 , 23 . Further research is needed, especially on the side effects of long-term ampicillin use. 7 , 18 , 23

Future Research Directions

The following research is needed to better understand the side effects of ampicillin. 7 , 18 , 23 .

  • Research on the side effects of long-term ampicillin use
  • Research on the mechanisms of ampicillin side effect development
  • Research on new methods to reduce ampicillin side effects

Conclusion

Ampicillin is an effective drug for treating bacterial infections, but it can cause side effects. 7 , 18 , 23 . It is important to follow your doctor's instructions and take the correct dosage when taking ampicillin. 7 , 18 , 23 . If you experience any side effects, consult your doctor immediately. 7 , 18 , 23

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
23
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
3
Article Type
2
0
1
4
24
1.

Preparation, characterization and evaluation of a biopolymeric gold nanocomposite with antimicrobial activity.

Author: ChamundeeswariMunusamy, SobhanaS S Liji, JacobJustin P, KumarM Ganesh, DeviM Pandima, SastryThotapalli P, MandalAsit B

Antimicrobial activity
Reduced antibiotic dosage

Chitosan-capped gold nanoparticles coupled with ampicillin (C-AuNp-Amp) showed a 2-fold increase in antimicrobial activity compared to ampicillin alone, allowing for a 50% reduction in antibiotic dosage and minimized side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

2.

An aptasensor for the detection of ampicillin in milk using a personal glucose meter.

Author: LiFang, LiXixi, ZhuNanwei, LiRuohan, KangHuaibin, ZhangQinpu

Sensitive detection
Antibiotic residues

A novel, sensitive method for detecting ampicillin in milk using a commercial personal glucose meter (PGM) was developed. The method utilizes magnetic beads, an ampicillin aptamer, and streptavidin to link invertase and the aptamer. The detection limit was 2.5 × 10-10 mol L-1.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Combination antibiotic treatment versus monotherapy for multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections: a systematic review.

Author: PoulikakosP, TansarliG S, FalagasM E

Combination treatment for Acinetobacter
Polymixins nephrotoxicity
Resistance emergence

The optimal treatment for Acinetobacter infections resistant to multiple drugs remains uncertain. This study reviewed clinical outcomes of various antibiotic regimens and found some evidence that combination therapy may be better than monotherapy for severe cases.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

Penbactam for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomised comparison of quadruple and triple treatment schedules in an Iranian population.

Author: SeyedmajidiSeyedali, MirsattariDariush, ZojajiHomayoun, ZanganehElahe, SeyyedmajidiMohammadreza, AlmasiShohreh, ZaliMohammadreza

H. Pylori Eradication

This study compared the effectiveness of two common triple therapies and one quadruple therapy (including a bismuth compound) for eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection in Iranian patients, particularly those at risk of ulcer relapse and complications.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Bifidobacterium as an oral delivery carrier of oxyntomodulin for obesity therapy: inhibitory effects on food intake and body weight in overweight mice.

Author: LongR T, ZengW S, ChenL Y, GuoJ, LinY Z, HuangQ S, LuoS Q

Reduced food intake
Weight loss

A novel oral delivery system for oxyntomodulin (OXM) is being developed using genetically engineered Bifidobacterium to potentially overcome the limitations of intravenous administration.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

[Side effects off allopurinol].

Author: RødevandErik, SletvoldOlav, KvandeKristin Thorseng

Exfoliative rash
Hypersensitivity syndrome

Allopurinol, while generally safe, can cause serious side effects, including exfoliative rash and hypersensitivity syndrome.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Norwegian

9.

In vitro and in vivo synergistic effects of cryptdin 2 and ampicillin against Salmonella.

Author: RishiPraveen, PreetSimran, BharrhanSushma, VermaIndu

Improved macrophage function

Cryptdin 2, an antimicrobial peptide, showed synergy with ampicillin against Salmonella Typhimurium in vitro and in infected mice. This suggests a potential for using Cryptdin 2 as an adjunctive treatment to reduce the antibiotic dose and side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Rare nocardiosis in danish patient with diabetes.

Author: Norup ThomsenCecilie, SperlingSøren, FledeliusJoan, GjørupPia Holland

Drug side effects
Nocardia infection

This study reports a rare case of nocardiosis, an infection, in a patient with diabetes, highlighting the importance of considering this condition in individuals with relative immunodeficiency. The patient initially experienced side effects from standard antibiotics and required a change in treatment.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

12.

Clinical effect of ampicillin with beta-lactamase inhibitor (sulbactam/ampicillin) on community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly.

Author: OkimotoNiro, KuriharaTakeyuki, HondaNobuhiro, AsaokaNaoko, FujitaKazue, OhbaHideo, NakamuraJunichi

Effective in elderly
Pneumonia treatment
Abnormal lab findings
Drug eruption

Sulbactam/ampicillin is effective for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in elderly patients with a good safety profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Antibiotic use in endodontic treatment during pregnancy: A narrative review.

Author: AliabadiTahere, SaberiEshagh Ali, Motameni TabatabaeiAmin, TahmasebiEbadolah

Antibiotic use during pregnancy

Odontogenic pain, which is toothache, is a common problem during pregnancy. This study reviewed existing research on the use of antibiotics for endodontic treatment during pregnancy. The findings suggest that antibiotics can be safely used during pregnancy for endodontic treatment.

ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

14.

[Our experience with cedax (ceftibuten) in the obstetrical and gynecological practice].

Author: LazarovL, LazarovN, LazarovaG

Absence of side effects
Asymptomatic bacteriuria treatment
Easy application

Cedax is a preferred cephalosporin for treating asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy due to its ease of use and lack of side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Bulgarian

15.

Oligosaccharide nanomedicine of alginate sodium improves therapeutic results of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with cages for degenerative lumbar disease in osteoporosis patients by downregulating serum miR-155.

Author: QuYang, WangZhengming, ZhouHaohan, KangMingyang, DongRongpeng, ZhaoJianwu

DLD treatment
Fusion rate

Alginate oligosaccharides (ONAS) showed promise in improving outcomes after posterior lumbar intervertebral fusion (PLIFC) surgery for degenerative lumbar disease (DLD). ONAS reduced complications, improved fusion rates, and decreased inflammatory markers compared to a control group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Evaluating statistical approaches to leverage large clinical datasets for uncovering therapeutic and adverse medication effects.

Author: ChoiLeena, CarrollRobert J, BeckCole, MosleyJonathan D, RodenDan M, DennyJoshua C, Van DriestSara L

Drug outcome identification

This study explored the use of phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) to identify therapeutic and adverse drug outcomes using longitudinal electronic health record (EHR) data, highlighting the need for developing statistical methods tailored to this type of data.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Cutaneous allergic drug reactions: update on pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures and differential diagnosic.

Author: BalakirskiGalina, MerkHans F

Drug hypersensitivity

This review discusses important changes in the understanding and management of drug hypersensitivity reactions, including those related to biologics and conventional drugs. It highlights the role of certain drugs (e.g., ampicillin, amoxicillin, fluoroquinolones, allopurinol) in different types of allergic reactions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Congenital syphilis presenting as Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction at birth.

Author: HoriHideyuki, SatoYoshitake, ShitaraTosiji

Congenital syphilis treatment
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

A rare case of congenital syphilis (CS) presenting as Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) at birth is reported. The infant developed fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea following ampicillin injection, emphasizing the importance of being aware of this potential reaction in newborns with CS.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

20.

Evaluation of epitope tags for protein detection after in vivo CNS gene transfer.

Author: ShevtsovaZ, MalikJ M I, MichelU, SchöllU, BährM, KüglerS

Protein detection
Background staining
Structural and functional influence

This study evaluates the effectiveness of different epitope tags used to track proteins in the brain and retina. It finds that the AU1 tag provides the best results for in vivo applications, offering a potentially valuable tool for future research on CNS diseases.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Comparison of two different antibiotic regimens for the prophylaxisis of cases with preterm premature rupture of membranes: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: KahramanogluIlker, BaktirogluMerve, SenolTaylan, KahramanogluOzge, OzkayaEnis, IlhanOlcay, VeritFatma Ferda, BaydoganSeyda, YucelOguz

Antibiotic side effects

This study compared the efficacy of 1 g and 2 g doses of ampicillin for preventing maternal and neonatal morbidity in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fetal complications, rate of intensive care unit admission, or rate of cases less than 30 weeks. However, the 2 g group had a significantly higher rate of previous preterm premature rupture of membranes history, steroid administration, and need for tocolysis. This suggests that lower doses of antibiotics should be used for shorter periods to minimize side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Clinical Experience with Off-Label Intrathecal Administration of Selected Antibiotics in Adults: An Overview with Pharmacometric Considerations.

Author: MullerAnouk E, van VlietPeter, KochBirgit C P

Intracerebral infection treatment
Side effects

यो लेखले ड्रेन-सम्बन्धित इन्ट्रासेरेब्रल संकलनहरूको उपचार को लागि अफ-लेबल intrathecal (IT) खुराक को प्रयोग को बारेमा जानकारी प्रदान गर्छ।

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

26.

An In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Solanum xanthocarpum Extracts on Bacteria From Dental Plaque Biofilm.

Author: ArumuganainarDeepavalli, SubramaniamGopinath, Kurumathur VasudevanArun, Subbusamy KanakasabapathyBalaji

Antibacterial activity

The antibacterial effects of extracts from the medicinal plant Solanum xanthocarpum were evaluated against bacteria found in dental plaque of gingivitis patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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