Side Effects of calcifediol: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Calcifediol, a form of vitamin D, has been studied for its potential benefits in various health conditions. Research suggests that calcifediol may be effective in treating chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), with one study reporting long-standing remission in a patient after treatment with 25-OH vitamin D3. 9 Additionally, calcifediol has been explored for its potential to improve bone health, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), where vitamin D deficiency is common. 5 Furthermore, calcifediol has shown promise as an immunomodulator, potentially contributing to the development of regulatory T (Treg) cells, which play a role in suppressing immune responses. 19

Reasons for Side Effects

The primary concern regarding calcifediol use stems from its potential to disrupt calcium metabolism. Calcifediol, as a form of vitamin D, increases calcium absorption in the gut and reduces calcium excretion by the kidneys, leading to elevated blood calcium levels. 1

Common Side Effects

Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia, an elevated blood calcium level, is a common side effect associated with calcifediol use. Symptoms of hypercalcemia can include fatigue, loss of appetite, constipation, nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, and increased urination. 4 , 6 Hypercalcemia can be particularly concerning in patients with underlying kidney disease, as it can exacerbate kidney problems. 1

Hyperphosphatemia

Calcifediol can also lead to hyperphosphatemia, an increased blood phosphate level. This occurs because calcifediol reduces phosphate excretion by the kidneys. Symptoms of hyperphosphatemia may include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, and bone pain. 4 It's important to note that hyperphosphatemia, like hypercalcemia, can have serious consequences for patients with kidney disease. 1

Side Effects Countermeasures

Hypercalcemia

Monitoring blood calcium levels is crucial for patients taking calcifediol. If hypercalcemia develops, adjusting the calcifediol dosage, limiting dietary calcium intake, or using diuretics may be necessary. 4

Hyperphosphatemia

Managing hyperphosphatemia often involves dietary adjustments, such as limiting phosphorus intake, and the use of phosphate binders to prevent the absorption of phosphorus in the gut. 1

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Many studies highlight the potential benefits of calcifediol in improving bone health, particularly in patients with vitamin D deficiency. 21 , 15 , 13 Calcifediol can help increase calcium levels in the blood, contributing to improved bone density and reducing the risk of fractures. 16

Differences between Studies

The dosage of calcifediol varies across studies, and its efficacy in treating different conditions is still being investigated. 21

Points to Note for Application in Real Life

Calcifediol should always be taken under the supervision of a healthcare professional. It's crucial to have regular blood tests to monitor calcium levels, especially for individuals with kidney disease or other conditions. Self-treating with calcifediol can be dangerous and increase the risk of side effects. 1

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term safety and efficacy of calcifediol. Large-scale, long-term studies are necessary to assess potential risks and benefits. 1

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on optimizing calcifediol dosages for different conditions and populations. More research is needed to determine the long-term effects of calcifediol on various health outcomes, including bone health, cardiovascular health, and kidney function. 1

Conclusion

Calcifediol shows promise for treating certain health conditions, including vitamin D deficiency and bone disorders. However, it's important to be aware of its potential side effects, particularly hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, which can be serious, especially in individuals with kidney disease. Consult with a healthcare professional before taking calcifediol to ensure its safety and effectiveness for your specific needs. 4 , 1

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
24
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
6
0
1
2
24
2.

FDA-Approved Drug Screening for Compounds That Facilitate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) Expansion in Zebrafish.

Author: FengZhi, LinChenyu, TuLimei, SuMing, SongChunyu, LiuShengnan, SuryantoMichael Edbert, HsiaoChung-Der, LiLi

HSPC expansion
Improved hematopoiesis

This study screened an FDA-approved drug library in a zebrafish model to identify drugs that could facilitate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion. The study found that ergocalciferol and panthenol, two vitamin drugs, efficiently expanded the HSPCs pool in a dose-dependent manner.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Randomized Controlled Trial for the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Vascular Stiffness in CKD.

Author: LevinAdeera, TangMila, PerryTaylor, ZalunardoNadia, BeaulieuMonica, DublandJoshua A, ZerrKelly, DjurdjevOgnjenka

Reduced vascular stiffness

Calcifediol treatment, a vitamin D analog, may reduce vascular stiffness in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Vitamin D metabolites and/or analogs: which D for which patient?

Author: MazzaferroS, GoldsmithD, LarssonT E, MassyZ A, CozzolinoM

Corrected vitamin D deficiency
Improved bone disease
Suppressed parathyroid activity
Hypercalcemia

This paper reviews the characteristics and potential clinical indications of various vitamin D drugs, focusing on renal patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Risk in dosing regimens for 25-OH vitamin D supplementation in chronic haemodialysis patients.

Author: AlbalateM, de la PiedraC, OrtizA, Hernández PérezJ, RubertM, Pérez GarciaR, ZazoP, NietoL, de SequeraP, EgidoJ

Improved calcium
Increased vitamin D
Lowered PTH
Increased calcemia

Calcifediol increased 25-OHvitD, calcemia, and phosphatemia and lowered PTH in hemodialysis patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Comparison of low and high dose of vitamin D treatment in nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets.

Author: CesurYaşar, CaksenHüseyin, GündemAlpaslan, KirimiErcan, OdabaşDursun

Treat VDR
Hypercalcemia

This study compared three different doses of vitamin D for the treatment of nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets in infants. The results suggest that 150,000 IU or 300,000 IU of vitamin D is adequate for treatment, while 600,000 IU may carry the risk of hypercalcemia.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

[Efficiency of calcium and vitamin D3 in the treatment of steroid osteoporosis in patients with hormone dependent bronchial asthma].

Author: Ememl'ianovA V, ShevelevS E, MurzinB A, AmosovV I

Improved bone density
Steroid osteoporosis treatment
None reported

Calcium-D3 Nikomed is recommended for management of steroid osteoporosis in patients with hormone-dependent bronchial asthma.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Russian

8.

Disease modifying and immunomodulatory effects of high dose 1 alpha (OH) D3 in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Author: AndjelkovicZ, VojinovicJ, PejnovicN, PopovicM, DujicA, MitrovicD, PavlicaL, StefanovicD

Autoimmune disease prevention

Alphacalcidiol, a vitamin D analog, has potential as an immunomodulatory agent for rheumatoid arthritis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Long-standing remission after 25-OH D3 treatment in a case of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia.

Author: MellibovskyL, DíezA, AubiaJ, NoguesX, Pérez-VilaE, SerranoS, ReckerR R

Complete remission
Treat CMML
None mentioned

A patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) achieved complete remission and maintained it for 15 months after treatment with 25-OH vitamin D3. This case report suggests that vitamin D3 may be a potential alternative treatment for CMML.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Bone metabolism before and after irradiation with ultraviolet light.

Author: FalkenbachA, UnkelbachU, BoehmB O, RegeniterA, SteinJ, SeiffertU, WendtT

Bone health
Vitamin D synthesis

Ultraviolet (UV) light can be beneficial for bone health, but UV-B radiation can cause skin damage. This study found that exposure to UV light with lower levels of UV-B radiation was effective at improving bone health without causing significant skin damage.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia: effect of oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium.

Author: Di MunnoO, BegheF, FaviniP, Di GiuseppeP, PontrandolfoA, OcchipintiG, PaseroG

Improves ESR
Improves bone mineral content
Reduces pain

In patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, 250HD3 treatment led to improvement in activity indexes and mineral metabolism, with a slight increase in bone mineral content, while placebo led to a decrease in bone mineral content. No side effects were observed in either group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

13.

Effects of long-term maintenance therapy with a new glucocorticoid, deflazacort, on mineral metabolism and statural growth.

Author: BalsanS, StéruD, BourdeauA, GrimbergR, LenoirG

Glucocorticoid therapy
Growth acceleration
Steroid side effect reduction
Osteoporosis
iPTH(1-84) increase

Deflazacort was substituted for prednisone in 9 children with renal or connective tissue disorders. Deflazacort showed excellent therapeutic effects, with reduced or absent steroid side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

[Determination of metabolites of vitamin D in a case of Debré-De Toni-Fanconi syndrome secondary to cystinosis].

Author: OttolenghiA, ColussiG, De ChiaraA, GerosaR, GasparroC, ColaciccoB

Metabolic bone disease treatment

A patient with Debrè-De Toni-Fanconi syndrome secondary to cystinosis was given vitamin D metabolites, resulting in reduced plasma 1,25(OH)2D levels. Administration of 1 alpha dihydroxycholecalciferol improved metabolic bone disease without side effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Italian

15.

Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in adults and elderly humans after a prophylactic dose of vitamin D2.

Author: TossG, LarssonL, LindgrenS

Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D2 prophylaxis

Vitamin D2 was effective in preventing vitamin D deficiency in elderly subjects. No side effects, nor any change in serum calcium ion activity, were noted during the study.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

[Calcifediol and calcitonin in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. A short-term controlled study].

Author: DottoriL, D'OttavioD, BrundisiniB

Bone calcium pool improvement
Pain relief

Calcitonin treatment demonstrated improvement in the exchangeable bone calcium pool and pain symptomatology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Italian

17.

[Amicrobic pustulosis hypoparathyroidism epilepsy: treatment by 25-hydroxycholecalciferol].

Author: BeureyJ, WeberM, BarthelmeD, VignaudJ M, ChaulieuY

Amicrobic pustulosis cure
Hypocalcemia treatment

Dedrogyl (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) successfully cured a 16-year-old boy's amicrobic pustulosis. The boy had hypoparathyroidism, resulting in hypocalcemia and seizures that were mistakenly attributed to epilepsy. Phenobarbital, initially prescribed for epilepsy, worsened the hypocalcemia. Dedrogyl restored calcium balance, eliminating the seizures and amicrobic pustulosis.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

20.

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin--a pilot study.

Author: KotaBhavani P, AbdulMohi I M, AllenJohn D, KalagaraMadan, RoufogalisBasil D

Increased vitamin D3 intake
Drug interaction
Potential side effects

A study was conducted to assess the potential drug interactions between vitamin D3 supplementation and digoxin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Effects on vitamin D, bone and the kidney of switching from fixed-dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/efavirenz to darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy: a randomized, controlled trial (MIDAS).

Author: HamzahLisa, TiraboschiJuan M, IvesonHelen, TobyMartina, MantChristine, CasonJohn, BurlingKeith, WandoloEmily, JendrulekIsabelle, TaylorChris, IbrahimFowzia, KulasegaramRanjababu, TeagueAlastair, PostFrank A, FoxJulie

Improved bone density
Increased Vitamin D
Renal dysfunction

This study investigated the potential of switching from fixed-dose tenofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz to darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy to improve vitamin D levels, bone mineral density, and renal tubular function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: MohammadpourNakisa, JazayeriShima, Tehrani-DoostMehdi, DjalaliMahmoud, HosseiniMostafa, EffatpanahMohammad, Davari-AshtianiRozita, KaramiElham

ADHD treatment

This study investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on symptoms of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) when used as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

Eluted 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> from radially aligned nanofiber scaffolds enhances cathelicidin production while reducing inflammatory response in human immune system-engrafted mice.

Author: ChenShixuan, GeLiangpeng, WangHongjun, ChengYan, GorantlaSanthi, PoluektovaLarisa Y, GombartAdrian F, XieJingwei

Antimicrobial peptide production
Immune modulation
Infection prevention

Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> is a nutrient that can help to strengthen the immune system. Researchers are studying the possibility of using vitamin D<sub>3</sub>-releasing materials to prevent infections and improve the success of implants.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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