Effects of diphenhydramine: A Synthesis of Findings from 13 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Diphenhydramine has been studied for its effects and side effects in various research. 13 compared ondansetron and metoclopramide-diphenhydramine in controlling nausea and vomiting in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy, finding that ondansetron was more effective for cisplatin-containing treatments, while metoclopramide-diphenhydramine was more effective for treatments without cisplatin. Metoclopramide-diphenhydramine also had more side effects than ondansetron.

Diphenhydramine has also been shown to potentially affect aquatic organisms. 10 found that diphenhydramine affects plants, invertebrates, and fish, with feeding behavior in fish being particularly sensitive. Additionally, 7 demonstrated that the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes can increase diphenhydramine accumulation in fish.

9 discovered that a mixture of diphenhydramine and sertraline exhibits additive toxicity in *Ceriodaphnia dubia*, a water flea.

Diphenhydramine might also affect mental performance in humans. 6 showed that diphenhydramine impaired mental performance in a study using an automobile driving simulator.

In 2 , diphenhydramine demonstrated an ability to suppress leukocyte infiltration during endotoxin-induced uveitis, a type of eye inflammation. 5 showed that diphenhydramine reduces endotoxin effects on lung vascular permeability in sheep.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Diphenhydramine is an effective antihistamine for alleviating allergy symptoms. 8 showed that diphenhydramine can suppress tremor induced by cholinergic drugs, suggesting potential benefits for treating conditions like Parkinson's disease. 2 indicated that diphenhydramine can suppress leukocyte infiltration during uveitis, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect.

Risks Summary

Diphenhydramine has the potential to impair mental performance. 6 demonstrated that diphenhydramine can impair mental performance in a study using an automobile driving simulator. 12 showed that diphenhydramine can worsen the effects of diazepam and alcohol on psychomotor performance.

Diphenhydramine can affect aquatic organisms. 10 found that diphenhydramine can affect feeding behavior in fish. 7 demonstrated that the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes can increase diphenhydramine accumulation in fish. Further, 9 revealed that a mixture of diphenhydramine and sertraline exhibits additive toxicity in *Ceriodaphnia dubia*, a water flea.

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have shown that diphenhydramine can potentially affect mental performance and aquatic organisms.

Differences

While some studies show diphenhydramine's potential benefits in alleviating allergy symptoms, treating Parkinson's disease, suppressing uveitis, and reducing endotoxin effects on vascular permeability, further research is needed to confirm these benefits.

Consistency and Contradictions

Diphenhydramine's effects and side effects varied across different studies. The impact on aquatic organisms, in particular, requires further investigation.

Real-Life Applications and Considerations

When taking diphenhydramine, it's essential to consider its potential impact on mental performance and aquatic environments. Combining it with diazepam or alcohol should be done with caution.

Limitations of Current Research

While diphenhydramine has been explored in numerous studies, a complete understanding of its effects and side effects remains elusive. Further research is crucial, particularly regarding its impact on aquatic organisms.

Future Research Directions

Further investigation is needed to understand how diphenhydramine affects aquatic organisms. Research is also required to determine the effects of diphenhydramine when used in combination with other medications.

Conclusion

Diphenhydramine is a complex drug with a mix of benefits and risks. When taking diphenhydramine, it's crucial to understand its effects and side effects, and always follow your doctor's instructions. More research is needed to understand the potential impact on aquatic environments.

Literature analysis of 13 papers
Positive Content
7
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
5
Article Type
3
0
0
0
13
1.

Bioconcentration, metabolism and effects of diphenhydramine on behavioral and biochemical markers in crucian carp (Carassius auratus).

Author: XieZhengxin, LuGuanghua, HouKangkang, QinDonghong, YanZhenhua, ChenWei

Behavioral effects
Bioaccumulation
Oxidative stress

Diphenhydramine (DPH), an antihistamine, can accumulate in fish, affecting their metabolism, oxidative stress, and behavior.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Suppressive effects of histamine H1 receptor antagonist diphenhydramine on the leukocyte infiltration during endotoxin-induced uveitis.

Author: YamashiroK, KiryuJ, TsujikawaA, NonakaA, HonjoM, TaniharaH, NishiwakiH, HondaY, OguraY

Uveitis treatment

This study investigated the role of histamine in leukocyte recruitment during endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats. The results suggest that histamine plays a pivotal role in leukocyte recruitment, and blocking the histamine H1 receptor may help prevent or minimize leukocyte infiltration in uveitis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Diphenhydramine reduces endotoxin effects on lung vascular permeability in sheep.

Author: BrighamK L, PadoveS J, BryantD, McKeenC R, BowersR E

Prevents lung vascular permeability
Endotoxemia

Diphenhydramine reduced lung vascular permeability caused by endotoxin in sheep, suggesting that histamine may be partly responsible for this effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

Quantitative effects of cetirizine and diphenhydramine on mental performance measured using an automobile driving simulator.

Author: GengoF M, GabosC, MechtlerL

No cognitive impairment

Cetirizine produces little or no effect on cognitive function or mental performance.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Acute and chronic effects of diphenhydramine and sertraline mixtures in Ceriodaphnia dubia.

Author: GoolsbyEric W, MasonChase M, WojcikJames T, JordanAlex M, BlackMarsha C

Environmental contamination

Diphenhydramine and sertraline were found to have additive toxicity in Ceriodaphnia dubia, a common water flea. In some cases, combinations of sublethal concentrations of the drugs resulted in 100% mortality.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Effects of the antihistamine diphenhydramine on selected aquatic organisms.

Author: BerningerJason P, DuBowen, ConnorsKristin A, EytchesonStephanie A, KolkmeierMark A, ProsserKrista N, ValentiTheodore W, ChamblissC Kevin, BrooksBryan W

ACh MOA
Aquatic toxicity
Histamine MOA

Diphenhydramine (DPH) has a significant impact on aquatic organisms, with Daphnia magna showing greater sensitivity than fish.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Evaluation of the subjective and reinforcing effects of diphenhydramine, levetiracetam, and valproic acid.

Author: FeltnerDouglas E, HaigGeorge

Abuse potential

This study evaluated the subjective and reinforcing effects of diphenhydramine, levetiracetam, valproic acid, diazepam, and placebo in humans with a history of drug abuse. Diazepam produced the most significant effects suggestive of abuse potential, followed by levetiracetam and diphenhydramine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Effects of terfenadine and diphenhydramine alone or in combination with diazepam or alcohol on psychomotor performance and subjective feelings.

Author: MoserL, HütherK J, Koch-WeserJ, LundtP V

Impaired performance

Terfenadine, an antihistamine, was compared to diphenhydramine for its effects on psychomotor performance and subjective feelings. Terfenadine had no significant effects, while diphenhydramine impaired psychomotor performance and worsened subjective feelings. Terfenadine did not worsen the effects of diazepam or alcohol on psychomotor performance, while diphenhydramine significantly enhanced these effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Comparison of the efficacy and side-effects of ondansetron and metoclopramide-diphenhydramine administered to control nausea and vomiting in children treated with antineoplastic chemotherapy: a prospective randomized study.

Author: KöseogluV, KürekçiA E, SariciU, AtayA A, OzcanO, SoriciU

Nausea and vomiting prevention
Side effects

Ondansetron was more effective than metoclopramide-diphenhydramine in preventing nausea and vomiting in children treated with antineoplastic chemotherapy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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