Effects of fruquintinib: A Synthesis of Findings from 23 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Fruquintinib is a potent, highly selective, and orally active inhibitor of VEGFR1, 2, 3 tyrosine kinases, showing promise as a treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). 6 It has been approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer in patients who have failed at least two prior systemic antineoplastic therapies in China. 6 In a study on advanced microsatellite-stable (MSS) CRC, fruquintinib combined with anti-PD-1 showed rapid response in a patient after failure of multiline therapy. 22 This combination therapy was also found to significantly inhibit tumor growth and promote survival time for tumor-bearing mice in a murine syngeneic model compared to single drug treatment. 22 Additionally, the combination decreased angiogenesis, enhanced vascular structure normalization, and alleviated tumor hypoxia. 22 The combination therapy also reprogrammed the immune microenvironment by enhancing chemotactic factor release, increasing CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation, decreasing regulatory T cell ratio, and promoting M1/M2 macrophage ratio. 22

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Fruquintinib, in combination with anti-PD-1, demonstrated synergistic suppression of CRC progression and altered the tumor microenvironment in favor of antitumor immune responses. 22 The combination therapy showed promising results in both clinical case studies and animal models, suggesting its potential effectiveness in treating CRC. Fruquintinib has been shown to significantly improve overall survival (OS) in previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. 3 The combination of fruquintinib and anti-EGFR has been explored as a potential treatment option for mCRC, especially in cases resistant to other therapies. 21

Risk Summary

Common adverse events associated with fruquintinib include hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), hypertension, fatigue, and stomatitis. 15 , 9 , 3 It is crucial to monitor these side effects during treatment. Fruquintinib, while potentially effective in elderly patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, may require a dose-escalation strategy due to their reduced tolerance to standard dosages. 3

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have shown the promise of fruquintinib as a treatment for metastatic CRC, highlighting its potential to extend survival in patients with limited treatment options. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 Several studies have also reported on the safety and efficacy of fruquintinib, highlighting the importance of understanding its potential adverse effects and carefully monitoring patients during treatment. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3

Differences

Research studies involving fruquintinib have varied in their methodologies, including patient populations, dosage regimens, and treatment durations. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3 These variations can influence study outcomes, and interpreting results requires careful consideration of the specific study design and methodology.

Consistency and Inconsistencies in Results

While promising, research on fruquintinib is still ongoing, and more data is needed to fully understand its effectiveness and safety. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3 Further research is required to explore its optimal dosage, combination therapies, and long-term efficacy and safety profile.

Considerations for Real-World Application

While fruquintinib holds potential for treating CRC, more research is needed to fully understand its effectiveness and safety. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3 If considering fruquintinib, it is important to have open conversations with your healthcare provider about its potential benefits, risks, and any other treatment options that may be suitable.

Limitations of Current Research

There is a need for more extensive research to fully evaluate the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib, including its long-term effects and optimal dosage regimens. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3

Future Research Directions

Future research on fruquintinib should focus on determining its optimal dosage, investigating its effectiveness in combination with other therapies, and evaluating its long-term efficacy and safety profile. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3

Conclusion

Fruquintinib shows promise as a treatment for metastatic CRC, particularly in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy. 1 , 15 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 9 , 3 Further research is crucial to fully understand its effectiveness and safety, including its long-term effects and optimal dosage regimens. If considering fruquintinib, it is important to discuss its benefits and risks with your healthcare provider to make informed decisions about your treatment plan.

Literature analysis of 23 papers
Positive Content
22
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
0
Article Type
3
2
2
3
20
1.

Fruquintinib versus placebo in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (FRESCO-2): an international, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study.

Author: DasariArvind, LonardiSara, Garcia-CarboneroRocio, ElezElena, YoshinoTakayuki, SobreroAlberto, YaoJames, García-AlfonsoPilar, KocsisJudit, Cubillo GracianAntonio, Sartore-BianchiAndrea, SatohTaroh, RandrianViolaine, TomasekJiri, ChongGeoff, PaulsonAndrew Scott, MasuishiToshiki, JonesJeremy, CsősziTibor, CremoliniChiara, GhiringhelliFrancois, ShergillArdaman, HochsterHoward S, KraussJohn, BassamAli, DucreuxMichel, ElmeAnneli, FaugerasLaurence, KasperStefan, Van CutsemEric, ArnoldDirk, NandaShivani, YangZhao, SchelmanWilliam R, KaniaMarek, TaberneroJosep, EngCathy,

Colorectal cancer treatment

This study examines the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib, an oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer. The study seeks to provide new treatment options for patients with advanced and refractory colorectal cancer.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

2.

Comparison of Regorafenib, Fruquintinib, and TAS-102 in Previously Treated Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Five Clinical Trials.

Author: ChenJianxin, WangJunhui, LinHai, PengYonghai

Improved DCR
Improved PFS
Increased SAEs

Fruquintinib shows promise for treating metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). This study found that fruquintinib resulted in significantly better progression-free survival and disease control rate compared to TAS-102, but also a higher risk of serious adverse events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

Comparison of efficacy and safety for patients with beyond second line treated metastatic colorectal cancer: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: CaoMeihui, ZhouMingyi, ZhangJingdong

mCRC treatment

This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of various chemotherapy regimens for metastatic colorectal cancer patients beyond second-line treatment. It found that fruquintinib showed promise in patients with wild-type KRAS due to improved progression-free survival and reduced side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

5.

Subgroup analysis by prior anti-VEGF or anti-EGFR target therapy in FRESCO, a randomized, double-blind, Phase III trial.

Author: XuRuihua, QinShukui, GuoWeijian, BaiYuxian, DengYanhong, YangLei, ChenZhendong, ZhongHaijun, PanHongming, ShuYongqian, YuanYing, ZhouJianfeng, XuNong, LiuTianshu, MaDong, WuChangping, ChengYing, XuJianming, ChenDonghui, LiWei, SunSanyuan, YuZhuang, CaoPeiguo, LiJian, ChenHaihui, WangJiejun, WangShubin, WangHongbing, WangNing, ZhangBin, HanRubing, SuWeiguo, GuoXiaojun, LiJin

Disease control rate
Objective response rate
Overall survival
Progression-free survival

Fruquintinib, a drug for metastatic colorectal cancer, showed improved overall survival and progression-free survival in patients, both with and without prior targeted therapy, compared to placebo. The drug was well-tolerated in both groups.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

7.

Fruquintinib: First Global Approval.

Author: ShirleyMatt

Cancer treatment

Fruquintinib, a VEGFR inhibitor, was approved for metastatic colorectal cancer in China. It has shown promise in treating other cancers and is in ongoing clinical development. This article outlines the development of this new drug for cancer treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Effect of Fruquintinib vs Placebo on Overall Survival in Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The FRESCO Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: LiJin, QinShukui, XuRui-Hua, ShenLin, XuJianming, BaiYuxian, YangLei, DengYanhong, ChenZhen-Dong, ZhongHaijun, PanHongming, GuoWeijian, ShuYongqian, YuanYing, ZhouJianfeng, XuNong, LiuTianshu, MaDong, WuChangping, ChengYing, ChenDonghui, LiWei, SunSanyuan, YuZhuang, CaoPeiguo, ChenHaihui, WangJiejun, WangShubin, WangHongbing, FanSonghua, HuaYe, SuWeiguo

Fruquintinib efficacy
Metastatic CRC treatment
Adverse effects
Hospitalization

Oral fruquintinib significantly increased overall survival in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had tumor progression following at least two prior chemotherapy regimens. Further research is needed to assess its efficacy outside of China.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Phase II Study of Fruquintinib After Two Prior Chemotherapy Regimens in Chinese Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non‒Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Author: LuShun, ChangJianhua, LiuXiaoqing, ShiJianhua, LuYou, LiWei, YangJin-Ji, ZhouJianying, WangJie, AnTongtong, YangLei, LiuZhe, ZhouXiangdong, ChenMo, HuaYe, SuWeiguo

Improved survival
NSCLC treatment
Hand-foot syndrome
Hypertension
Proteinuria

Fruquintinib, a kinase inhibitor, was tested as a treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who had failed two lines of chemotherapy. It significantly improved progression-free survival compared to placebo, with the most common side effects being hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, and proteinuria.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Fruquintinib for refractory colorectal cancer in a pre-treated 82-year-old patient achieved a progression-free survival of 25 months: a case report.

Author: WangYi, LiJianjiong, XuQiyang, LiKai, ZhangChen, ChenPing

Cancer treatment
Adverse effects

This case report discusses the challenges of treating elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) due to potential side effects from chemotherapy. It suggests that more research is needed to develop appropriate treatment strategies for this specific population.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

13.

A Phase I study of safety and pharmacokinetics of fruquintinib, a novel selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1, -2, and -3 tyrosine kinases in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.

Author: CaoJunning, ZhangJian, PengWei, ChenZhiyu, FanSonghua, SuWeiguo, LiKe, LiJin

Anti-tumor activity

This first-in-human study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and maximum tolerated dose of fruquintinib, a new oral drug that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. The study also assessed its pharmacokinetics and preliminary anti-tumor activity in various human tumor xenografts.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

15.

The clinical application of fruquintinib on colorectal cancer.

Author: ChenZhongguang, JiangLili

CRC treatment
Drug tolerance

Fruquintinib is a new drug approved in China for treating colorectal cancer. It is a VEGFR inhibitor with several advantages, including low toxicity and good tolerance. This review discusses its mechanism, efficacy, safety, and potential applications in other cancers like lung and stomach cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

18.

Phase 1b/2 trial of fruquintinib plus sintilimab in treating advanced solid tumours: The dose-escalation and metastatic colorectal cancer cohort in the dose-expansion phases.

Author: GuoYe, ZhangWeijie, YingJieer, ZhangYanqiao, PanYueyin, QiuWensheng, FanQingxia, XuQi, MaYue, WangGang, GuoJing, SuWeiguo, FanSonghua, TanPanfeng, WangYan, LuoYang, ZhouHui, LiJin

The study investigates the combination of fruquintinib and sintilimab in treating advanced solid tumors, including metastatic colorectal cancer.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Phase 1/1b open-label, dose-escalation study of fruquintinib in patients with advanced solid tumors in the United States.

Author: Wang-GillamAndrea, SchelmanWilliam, UkrainskyjStacey, ChienCaly, GonzalezMartha, YangZhao, KaniaMarek, Yeckes-RodinHeather

Anticancer activity
Adverse events
Hypertension

Fruquintinib, a cancer drug, was found to be well-tolerated and had a consistent safety profile in US patients, confirming the recommended dose found in earlier studies in China.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

Combination of Anti-EGFR and Anti-VEGF Drugs for the Treatment of Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Author: LiYong, ChenXian, LiWenzhu, YeYongsong, DuXiaohua, SunShaodan, LiuLirong, ZhangHaibo

Improved mCRC survival

This case report describes a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who successfully responded to a combination of cetuximab and fruquintinib after developing resistance to other treatments. It discusses the potential of combining anti-EGFR and anti-vascular drugs for mCRC treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

22.

Combination of Fruquintinib and Anti-PD-1 for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.

Author: WangYuanyuan, WeiBin, GaoJianhua, CaiXiaomin, XuLingyan, ZhongHaiqing, WangBinglin, SunYang, GuoWenjie, XuQiang, GuYanhong

Immune response enhancement
Tumor growth inhibition

Fruquintinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy showed promise in a case of advanced microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) and in a murine model. The combination inhibited tumor growth, promoted survival, and altered the tumor microenvironment by enhancing antitumor immune responses.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Efficacy of sintilimab and fruquintinib combination treatment in the management of microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer: a case report.

Author: LinSen, ChenWeiyi, ChenZhuangzhong, LiangJiaqi, ZhongLing, JiangMei

Immunotherapy benefit
Improved immune activity

Immunotherapy is effective for colorectal cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR/MSI-H), but less so for the majority of cases (microsatellite-stable, MSS). New targeted therapies are needed for MSS colorectal cancer, especially in advanced stages where multiple chemotherapy rounds have failed.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

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