Side Effects of glycopyrronium topical: A Synthesis of Findings from 19 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Topical glycopyrronium has been found to be effective in treating various conditions. Its main indications include excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis), dry mouth, peptic ulcers, and diabetic gustatory sweating. Topical glycopyrronium is also considered suitable for chronic use because it has fewer central nervous system side effects compared to other anticholinergics.

For example, 9 demonstrated that topical glycopyrronium was effective in treating gustatory hyperhidrosis after transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy. About 77% of patients reported complete cessation of sweating after eating spicy food, and about 23% reported a reduction in sweating. 15 found that topical glycopyrronium was effective for diabetic gustatory sweating. Compared to placebo, topical glycopyrronium reduced sweat response by 82% and decreased the frequency of gustatory sweating episodes by 51%. In addition, 10 reported that combination therapy using topical glycopyrronium and microneedling was effective for eccrine hidrocystomas. Microneedling allowed topical glycopyrronium to penetrate deeper, resulting in smaller hidrocystoma lesions.

Reasons for Side Effects

Topical glycopyrronium works by acting on muscarinic receptors, inhibiting secretion from sweat glands. As a result, it may also act on other muscarinic receptors, potentially causing side effects.

Common Side Effects

Dry Mouth

Topical glycopyrronium can cause dry mouth because it acts on muscarinic receptors in salivary glands, inhibiting saliva secretion. 9 reported that two patients experienced dry mouth after using 2% topical glycopyrronium.

Sore Throat

Topical glycopyrronium can cause a sore throat because it acts on muscarinic receptors in the throat mucosa, inhibiting mucus secretion. 9 reported that two patients experienced sore throat after using 2% topical glycopyrronium.

Headache

Topical glycopyrronium may cause headache because it acts on muscarinic receptors in blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction. 9 reported that one patient experienced headache after using 1.5% topical glycopyrronium.

Urinary Retention

Topical glycopyrronium can cause urinary retention because it acts on muscarinic receptors in the bladder, inhibiting bladder contraction. 2 reported a case of urinary retention caused by topical glycopyrronium.

Mydriasis

Topical glycopyrronium can cause mydriasis (pupillary dilation) because it acts on muscarinic receptors in the eyes. 2 reported a case of mydriasis caused by topical glycopyrronium.

Other

Topical glycopyrronium may also cause a variety of other side effects, including skin dryness, blurred vision, constipation, and indigestion.

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Dry Mouth

If you experience dry mouth, drink plenty of fluids.

Sore Throat

If you experience a sore throat, consult your doctor.

Headache

If you experience headache, consult your doctor.

Urinary Retention

If you experience urinary retention, consult your doctor.

Mydriasis

If you experience mydriasis, consult your doctor.

Other

If you experience any side effects, consult your doctor.

Comparison Among Studies

Common Points

Multiple studies have shown that topical glycopyrronium is effective for excessive sweating.

Differences

The side effects of topical glycopyrronium vary from study to study. For example, 9 reported dry mouth and sore throat, while 15 did not report any side effects. This is likely due to differences in the concentration of topical glycopyrronium used and the patients' conditions.

Precautions for Real-Life Applications

Topical glycopyrronium can help improve symptoms such as excessive sweating, but it also carries the risk of side effects. Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor before using topical glycopyrronium and obtain an explanation of its proper usage and precautions. If you experience any side effects, consult your doctor immediately.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on topical glycopyrronium is still ongoing, and its long-term safety has not been fully evaluated. In addition, the incidence and severity of side effects are thought to vary greatly from person to person.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to clarify the long-term safety and efficacy of topical glycopyrronium, as well as the incidence and severity of its side effects.

Conclusion

Topical glycopyrronium can help improve symptoms such as excessive sweating, but it also carries the risk of side effects. It is important to consult your doctor before using topical glycopyrronium and obtain an explanation of its proper usage and precautions.

Literature analysis of 19 papers
Positive Content
17
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
1
0
0
3
18
1.

Pharmacology, toxicology and clinical safety of glycopyrrolate.

Author: ChabicovskyMonika, WinklerSwantje, SoeberdtMichael, KilicAna, MasurClarissa, AbelsChristoph

Limits CNS side effects
Suitable for chronic use
Treats hyperhidrosis

This abstract discusses the safety and efficacy of glycopyrronium bromide, an anticholinergic drug used to treat various conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, excessive salivation, peptic ulcers, and hyperhidrosis. It concludes that the benefits of glycopyrronium bromide generally outweigh the risks in chronic use indications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

2.

Urinary retention and mydriasis secondary to topical glycopyrronium for axillary hyperhidrosis.

Author: GreenHolly Hoshall, RayLance, BuchananJennie, MatslerNikolaus

Dermatologic treatment
Adverse effect profile

Glycopyrronium tosylate (GT), an antimuscarinic drug used topically in dermatology, has a notable adverse effect profile and patients should be counseled on potential risks before starting treatment.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Intradermal Botulinum Toxin A Injection Versus Topical 2% Glycopyrrolate for the Treatment of Primary Facial Hyperhidrosis: A Pilot Study and Review of Literature.

Author: NofalEman, SalemSomaia, KhashabaShrook A

HH treatment
Quality of life
Side effects
Temporary relief

Both topical 2% glycopyrrolate and intradermal Botulinum toxin A injection effectively treat facial hyperhidrosis, with similar efficacy but different onset and duration of action.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
CommentA short article/note that provides an opinion/perspective/interpretation on a published paper/topic.

Language : English

4.

Craniofacial hyperhidrosis successfully treated with topical glycopyrrolate.

Author: LuhJoin Y, BlackwellThomas A

Craniofacial hyperhidrosis treatment
Few adverse effects

Topical glycopyrrolate has been shown to be an effective treatment for craniofacial hyperhidrosis with few adverse effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Efficacy of iontophoresis with glycopyrronium bromide for treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis.

Author: ChiaH Y, TanA S L, ChongW S, TeyH L

Hyperhidrosis treatment

Iontophoresis with glycopyrronium bromide is a promising treatment for primary palmar hyperhidrosis, particularly for severe cases where topical aluminum chloride is ineffective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

The Frey syndrome: a simple, effective treatment.

Author: HaysL L, NovackA J, WorshamJ C

Low incidence of side effects
Treats Frey syndrome

Glycopyrrolate was investigated for the treatment of Frey syndrome. It was found to be effective in controlling gustatory sweating and had a low incidence of side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

8.

Treatment of diabetic gustatory sweating with topical glycopyrrolate cream.

Author: AtkinS L, BrownP M

Diabetic gustatory sweating treatment

A case report describes the successful treatment of severe bilateral gustatory sweating in an insulin-dependent diabetic man with topical 0.5% glycopyrrolate cream. Topical glycopyrrolate cream effectively eliminated gustatory sweating without the adverse effects associated with oral antimuscarinic medication.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

Treatment of compensatory gustatory hyperhidrosis with topical glycopyrrolate.

Author: KimWon-Oak, KilHae-Keum, YoonDuck-Me, ChoMin-Jeong

Gustatory hyperhidrosis treatment
Safe treatment
Well tolerated
Dry mouth
Headache
Sore throat

Topical glycopyrrolate was found to be a safe and effective treatment for gustatory hyperhidrosis in 13 patients who had experienced the condition after transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy. 10 patients experienced excellent results with no sweating after eating spicy food, while 3 experienced reduced sweating. Mild side effects included a dry mouth, sore throat, and headache in a small number of patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

Topical glycopirrolate for the management of hyperhidrosis in herpetic neuralgia.

Author: LadjevicNebojsa Gojko, Likic-LadjevicIvana Spasoje

Hyperhidrosis relief
Pain relief

Glycopirrolate cream effectively reduced pain intensity by 28.5% within 24 hours and completely eliminated hyperhidrosis in a pregnant woman with herpetic neuralgia. The pain completely disappeared after 48 hours of use. No side effects were observed during the therapy.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Severe hypertension and pulmonary edema associated with systemic absorption of topical phenylephrine in a child during retinal surgery.

Author: AbdelhalimAshraf A, MostafaMohamed, AbdulmomenAhmed, OthmanEssam A

Pupil dilation
Hypertension
Pulmonary edema

Topical phenylephrine solutions are widely used to promote pupil dilation in eye procedures. This study reports a case of severe hypertension and acute pulmonary edema in a child during retinal surgery after possible systemic absorption of topical phenylephrine eyedrops.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

15.

A randomised controlled trial of topical glycopyrrolate, the first specific treatment for diabetic gustatory sweating.

Author: ShawJ E, AbbottC A, TindleK, HollisS, BoultonA J

Gustatory sweating treatment

Topically applied glycopyrrolate is effective in reducing both the severity and frequency of diabetic gustatory sweating. Glycopyrrolate reduced the sweat response to a challenge by 82% and the frequency of episodes of gustatory sweating by 51%.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

16.

The Frey syndrome: a review and double blind evaluation of the topical use of a new anticholinergic agent.

Author: HaysL L

Gustatory sweating control
Central nervous system side effects

Glycopyrrolate was found to be effective in controlling gustatory sweating in patients with Frey syndrome. In a double-blind clinical trial, topical glycopyrrolate at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% provided complete control of gustatory sweating for at least several days after a single application.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

17.

Nonsurgical management of hyperhidrosis.

Author: GeeSarah, YamauchiPaul S

HH treatment
Side effects

This article discusses the treatment options for hyperhidrosis (HH), a chronic disease that can have a significant negative impact on quality of life. The article emphasizes the importance of conservative measures before progressing to surgical options and highlights the efficacy of botulinum toxin (BTX) injections as a minimally invasive treatment option.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Clonidine is effective for the treatment of primary idiopathic hyperhidrosis and hot flushes: a case report.

Author: AlbadraniAhmed

This paper discusses the difference between primary hyperhidrosis and hot flushes, emphasizing that while primary hyperhidrosis is common in men, accompanying hot flushes are rare. The differing mechanisms underlying these conditions are highlighted.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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