Side Effects of isocarboxazid: A Synthesis of Findings from 18 Studies

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This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Side Effects of isocarboxazid: A Synthesis of Findings from 18 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

This analysis is based on research papers included in PubMed, but medical research is constantly evolving and may not fully reflect the latest findings. There may also be biases towards certain research areas.

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Findings

Isocarboxazid is an antidepressant medication that has been studied for its effectiveness and safety in treating depression. 7 A study found that a higher dose of isocarboxazid (50mg) was significantly more effective than a lower dose (30mg) in treating non-melancholic/non-endogenous depression. 12 Another study suggests that MAO inhibitors are effective and relatively safe when used properly, especially for atypical depressions that don’t respond well to tricyclic antidepressants. 15 9 While MAO inhibitors have been shown to be effective, 18 a study suggests that tricyclic antidepressants are generally more effective than MAO inhibitors in treating mild or moderate depression. 3 However, long-term treatment with isocarboxazid may be beneficial for patients who don't respond to tricyclic antidepressants.

Reasons for Side Effects

The side effects of isocarboxazid are thought to be caused by the inhibition of MAO, which leads to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the body. 12 MAO is an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters. When MAO is inhibited, neurotransmitters build up, potentially leading to various side effects. 15

Common Side Effects

Dizziness

Dizziness is a common side effect of isocarboxazid. 7 8 6

Headache

Headache is another common side effect of isocarboxazid. 8

Dry Mouth

Dry mouth can occur as a side effect of isocarboxazid. 8

Insomnia

Isocarboxazid can cause insomnia. 8

Constipation

Constipation can occur as a side effect of isocarboxazid. 8

Weight Gain

Weight gain has been reported as a side effect of isocarboxazid. 5 6

Anticholinergic Effects

Anticholinergic effects, such as dry mouth and constipation, can occur with isocarboxazid. 7

Liver Function Abnormalities

Liver function abnormalities have been reported in some patients taking isocarboxazid. 8

Hypertension

Hypertension can occur as a side effect of isocarboxazid. 12 8

Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, is a potential side effect of isocarboxazid. 8 17

Sexual Dysfunction

Sexual dysfunction, including inhibited female orgasm, can be a side effect of isocarboxazid. 10

Side Effect Management

Dizziness

If you experience dizziness, talk to your doctor. 7

Headache

If you experience a headache, talk to your doctor. 8

Dry Mouth

To manage dry mouth, stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. 8

Insomnia

If you experience insomnia, talk to your doctor. 8

Constipation

To manage constipation, increase your fiber intake through diet and stay hydrated. 8

Weight Gain

If you're concerned about weight gain, discuss it with your doctor to explore potential strategies, such as diet and exercise. 5 6

Anticholinergic Effects

If you're concerned about anticholinergic effects, talk to your doctor. 7

Liver Function Abnormalities

If you suspect liver function abnormalities, seek immediate medical attention. 8

Hypertension

If you experience hypertension, talk to your doctor. 12 8

Orthostatic Hypotension

To manage orthostatic hypotension, stand up slowly after sitting or lying down. 8 17

Sexual Dysfunction

If you experience sexual dysfunction, talk to your doctor. 10

Comparison of Studies

Similarities

Many studies demonstrate the effectiveness of isocarboxazid in treating depression. 7 12 15 9 18 3 8 6 4 Some studies suggest that isocarboxazid may be particularly beneficial for atypical depression. 8 4

Differences

There are differences in findings across studies regarding the effectiveness and side effects of isocarboxazid. 7 12 15 9 18 3 8 6 4 For instance, 7 found that a higher dose of isocarboxazid was more effective for non-melancholic/non-endogenous depression, while 18 found tricyclic antidepressants to be generally more effective for mild or moderate depression. 12 concluded that MAO inhibitors are safe when used appropriately, while 15 acknowledged potential side effects. These variations highlight the need for further research to better understand the nuances of isocarboxazid's effects.

Real-Life Application Considerations

While isocarboxazid can be an effective treatment for depression, it's important to remember that it can have side effects. 12 15 Therefore, it is crucial to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and avoid self-treating or changing your dosage without consulting a medical professional. 12 It's also important to inform your doctor about all medications you're taking, as isocarboxazid can interact with other medications. 12

Limitations of Current Research

More research is needed on isocarboxazid, especially regarding long-term effects and safety. 15 Further studies are also needed to identify the specific types of depression where isocarboxazid is most effective and to determine safer and more efficient dosing methods. 15

Future Research Directions

Research should focus on investigating the long-term effects and safety of isocarboxazid. 15 Studies should also aim to identify the specific types of depression where isocarboxazid is most effective and to determine safer and more efficient dosing methods. 15 A deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind isocarboxazid's side effects could lead to the development of strategies for minimizing those effects. 15

Conclusion

Isocarboxazid is a promising antidepressant medication, with various studies demonstrating its effectiveness. 7 12 15 9 18 3 8 6 4 However, it's essential to remember that it can have side effects, and it's crucial to adhere to your doctor's instructions carefully. 12 Further research is necessary to understand the long-term effects and safety of isocarboxazid, determine optimal dosing methods, and develop strategies for mitigating side effects. 15

Literature analysis of 18 papers
Positive Content
15
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
2
Article Type
5
1
1
4
18
1.

Side effects of iron supplements in blood donors: superior tolerance of heme iron.

Author: FrykmanE, BystromM, JanssonU, EdbergA, HansenT

Iron replenishment
Constipation
Side effects

A study compared the side effects of two iron supplements: one with both heme and non-heme iron (Hemofer), and one with only non-heme iron (Erco-Fer). While both were equally effective in replenishing iron levels, Hemofer resulted in significantly fewer side effects, including constipation, compared to Erco-Fer and a placebo.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Efficacy and tolerability of low-dose iron supplements during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: MakridesMaria, CrowtherCaroline A, GibsonRobert A, GibsonRosalind S, SkeaffC Murray

Prevented ID
Prevented IDA
Gastrointestinal side effects

Supplementing pregnant women with 20 mg/d of iron from week 20 of gestation until delivery was effective in preventing iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency without anemia. This low-dose iron supplementation did not result in significant gastrointestinal side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor-responsive depression.

Author: GillerE, BialosD, RiddleM, SholomskasA, HarknessL

Improved anxiety
Improved cognitive outlook
Improved depression
Hypertensive crises
Orthostatic hypotension

Isocarboxazid effectively treated depression in 12 out of 13 patients compared to 3 out of 11 in the placebo group. Significant improvement was observed by week 3. Side effects were minimal.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

Isocarboxazid. Efficacy and tolerance.

Author: DavidsonJ, TurnbullC

Improved appetite
Increased sleep
Weight loss
Dizziness
Myoclonus

Isocarboxazid was more effective than placebo in treating depression, particularly in patients with weight gain, increased appetite, and increased sleep. The most common side effects were dizziness and myoclonus.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

7.

An evaluation of two doses of isocarboxazid in depression.

Author: DavidsonJ, MillerR, TurnbullC D, BelyeaM, StricklandR

Antidepressant effect
Anticholinergic effect

Isocarboxazid was studied in depressed patients at two doses (30 mg/day and 50 mg/day) for 4 weeks. The higher dose was more effective in non-melancholic depression, but there was no overall difference between the doses. Side effects were similar, with a possible anticholinergic effect at the higher dose.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

8.

Side effects of isocarboxazid.

Author: ZisookS

Treats depression
Constipation
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Headache
Hypertension
Insomnia
Liver function elevation

Isocarboxazid is a safe and effective treatment for atypical depression, with the most common side effects being dizziness, headache, dry mouth, insomnia, and constipation. It is important to monitor liver function, as there is a small risk of liver function elevation, but these are generally borderline and resolve over time.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

10.

Inhibited female orgasm resulting from psychotropic drugs. A clinical review.

Author: ShenW W, SataL S

Orgasm inhibition

Psychotropic drugs, including antipsychotics, MAOIs, and tricyclic antidepressants, can inhibit female orgasm. Physicians should be aware of this underreported sexual side effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Anticholinergic medication for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Author: BergmanHanna, Soares-WeiserKarla

Tardive dyskinesia

Antipsychotic medication is associated with movement disorders. Anticholinergic drugs are used to reduce these side effects, but there is evidence that chronic anticholinergic use may cause tardive dyskinesia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

14.

Translating the evidence on atypical depression into clinical practice.

Author: Hyman RapaportMark

MAOI depression tx
MAOI side effects
tyramine diet risk

This abstract discusses the use of selegiline transdermal system (STS) in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) with atypical symptoms. STS is a second-generation monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) with a favorable side effect profile compared to first-generation MAOIs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

Monoamine oxidase. Its inhibition.

Author: YoudimM B

Depressive illness treatment
Side effects

MAO inhibitors were initially used as antidepressants but fell into disrepute due to side effects. Recent research has focused on developing drugs that specifically inhibit or stimulate MAO activity, leading to the development of new drugs with selective inhibition of enzyme forms. MAO inhibitors may have potential for treating depressive illness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Reversal by bethanechol of sexual dysfunction caused by anticholinergic antidepressants.

Author: GrossM D

Anorgasmy treatment
Impotence treatment

Bethanechol, a cholinergic drug, effectively relieved impotence in two men and anorgasmy in one woman, without any reported side effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Controlled trial of trimipramine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and combined treatment in depressed outpatients.

Author: YoungJ P, LaderM H, HughesW C

Depression treatment
MAOI side effects

A study of 135 patients with mild or moderate depression found that trimipramine (a tricyclic antidepressant) was more effective than MAOIs (phenelzine or isocarboxazid) or a combination of the two. Trimipramine was particularly effective for patients with dizziness, suicidal thoughts, irritability, insomnia, and longer duration of illness. Side effects were not a major concern in any group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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