Side Effects of miglitol: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Miglitol is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with NIDDM who are not adequately controlled by diet alone. 21 Miglitol monotherapy is effective and safe in NIDDM patients. 21

Miglitol, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, helps delay the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet, which slows down the absorption of glucose and thus lowers postprandial blood glucose levels. 10 Miglitol is a carbohydrase inhibitor. 24

Compared with glibenclamide, miglitol is less effective in reducing HbA1c levels and causes more gastrointestinal side effects. 21 Miglitol reduced HbA1c less effectively than glibenclamide and caused more gastrointestinal side effects. 21

In contrast to miglitol, glibenclamide tends to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain, which are undesirable for patients with NIDDM. 21 Unlike miglitol, glibenclamide tended to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain. 21 Glibenclamide, unlike miglitol, tended to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain. 21

The ideal dose of miglitol might be between 50 mg to 100 mg three times a day. 20 The dose of 50 mg miglitol 3 times a day may be preferable to 100 mg miglitol 3 times a day because of comparable efficacy and substantially reduced side effects. 24

Reasons for Side Effects

The side effects of miglitol are caused by the inhibition of α-glucosidase in the intestines. 10 Miglitol's side effects were limited to flatulence, loose stools, and abdominal discomfort, which were dose-related, rapidly resolved on drug discontinuation, and led to withdrawal from the study of 5 and 15% of patients taking 50 and 100 mg miglitol, respectively. 24 The potential side-effects of absorbable inhibitors are evaluated in this literature review. 23

Common Side Effects

Flatulence

Flatulence is a common side effect of miglitol. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is another side effect of miglitol. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24

Abdominal Discomfort

Abdominal discomfort may occur as a side effect of miglitol. 24

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Flatulence & Diarrhea

To reduce flatulence and diarrhea, it is recommended to take miglitol with meals or in smaller doses. 21 , 20

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Multiple studies have found that miglitol can be a potentially effective and safe treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not adequately controlled by diet alone. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

Differences between Studies

The effects and side effects of miglitol may vary depending on the dosage and the patient's condition. 20 , 17

The effectiveness of miglitol may not always be superior to other antidiabetic drugs. 21 , 17

Cautions for Real-Life Application

When taking miglitol, follow your doctor's instructions and take the appropriate dosage. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

Miglitol may be used in combination with other antidiabetic drugs. 21 , 24

Do not take miglitol during pregnancy or breastfeeding. 21

If you experience any health problems while taking miglitol, consult your doctor immediately. 21

Limitations of Current Research

Research on miglitol is still not fully developed. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

The long-term effects of miglitol are still unknown. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

Directions for Future Research

Further research is needed on the long-term safety and effectiveness of miglitol. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

Research on combination therapy with miglitol and other antidiabetic drugs is also needed. 21 , 24

Conclusion

Miglitol has the potential to be an effective and safe treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not adequately controlled by diet alone. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

However, miglitol may cause side effects such as flatulence and diarrhea. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24

When taking miglitol, follow your doctor's instructions and take the appropriate dosage. 21 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 17

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
24
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
5
1
1
10
24
1.

[The dose-dependent effects of oral premedication with midazolam].

Author: BiroP, WeidmannG, PietzschS, AlonE, BruggerP

Midazolam effective amnesia
Midazolam effective sedation
Side effects

Oral midazolam before surgery provided dose-dependent sedation and amnesia, but no significant anxiolysis compared to placebo. 7.5mg midazolam offered the best balance of benefits and side effects. The study highlights the importance of pre-operative communication and patient care by the anesthesiologist.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

2.

A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Novel Benzotriazinone Carboxamides as Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors.

Author: KhalidZunera, ShafqatSyed Salman, AhmadHafiz Adnan, MunawarMunawar Ali, MutahirSadaf, ElkholiSafaa M, ShafqatSyed Rizwan, HumaRahila, AsiriAbdullah Mohammed

Alpha-glucosidase inhibition
Diabetes treatment
Bloating
Diarrhea
Flatulence
Loss of hunger

This study synthesized a series of benzotriazinone carboxamides and evaluated their alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potentials. Compounds 14k and 14l were found to be potent inhibitors with potential for use as antidiabetic drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Synthetic α-glucosidase inhibitors as promising anti-diabetic agents: Recent developments and future challenges.

Author: MushtaqAlia, AzamUzma, MehreenSaba, NaseerMuhammad Moazzam

Improved safety
α-glucosidase inhibitors
Gastrointestinal side effects

This review highlights promising α-glucosidase inhibitors, particularly those based on aromatic heterocyclic scaffolds, for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. These inhibitors offer potential improvements in safety and pharmacological profiles compared to existing drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

6.

A review of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from plants as potential candidates for the treatment of type-2 diabetes.

Author: DirirAmina M, DaouMarianne, YousefAhmed F, YousefLina F

alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
diabetes treatment
plant-derived molecules
gastrointestinal side effects

This review summarizes the anti-diabetic potential of plant-derived molecules through alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Eight molecules were identified as promising drug candidates, with potential benefits in managing hyperglycemia associated with type-2 diabetes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

In silico studies: Physicochemical properties, drug score, toxicity predictions and molecular docking of organosulphur compounds against Diabetes mellitus.

Author: RajalakshmiRavimoorthy, LalithaPottail, SharmaSreenivasa Chandramouli, RajivAsha, ChithambharanAkhila, PonnusamyAruna

Drug candidate for DM

This study explores the potential of organosulphur compounds as a novel drug for diabetes mellitus (DM). In silico analysis identified N-[(3,3-dimethyl piperidin-2-yl) methyl]-4-ethyl sulphonyl aniline as a promising candidate with potential anti-diabetic activity and no toxicity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Herbal Medicines for Diabetes Management and its Secondary Complications.

Author: KumarShubham, MittalAnu, BabuDinesh, MittalAmit

Antidiabetic therapy
Herbal drug treatment
Low side effects

This review explores the use of herbal drugs for treating diabetes and preventing associated complications. The review emphasizes the potential of herbal medicines as a source of non-toxic and affordable treatments for diabetes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms for the preparation of extracts with α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition properties: A review.

Author: PapoutsisKonstantinos, ZhangJinyuan, BowyerMichael C, BruntonNigel, GibneyEileen R, LyngJames

Blood sugar control

This study reviewed recent evidence regarding the in vitro alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activities of extracts derived from selected fruits, vegetables, and mushrooms. The study highlights the potential of these natural sources for developing alternative treatments for diabetes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Structure-Activity Relationships of Natural and Synthetic Indole-Derived Scaffolds as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors: A Mini-Review.

Author: WangJiangming, LuSilei, ShengRuilong, FanJunting, WuWenhui, GuoRuihua

Diabetes treatment
Mild side effects

α-Glucosidase inhibitors are an effective treatment for diabetes. This review focuses on indoles as inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity, discussing their mechanism of action, synthetic methodologies, and structure-activity relationships. The review highlights the potential of indole derivatives as effective anti-diabetic chemotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Synthetic heterocyclic candidates as promising α-glucosidase inhibitors: An overview.

Author: DhamejaManoj, GuptaPreeti

Diabetes treatment

α-Glucosidase inhibitors, such as acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol, are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, side effects and complex synthetic routes have driven research towards simpler heterocyclic molecules as promising α-glucosidase inhibitors. This review highlights recent discoveries in this area.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

12.

Efficacy and risk profile of anti-diabetic therapies: Conventional vs traditional drugs-A mechanistic revisit to understand their mode of action.

Author: GuptaPrachi, BalaManju, GuptaSanjeev, DuaAnita, DaburRajesh, InjetiElisha, MittalAshwani

T2DM management
Side effects

This review explores the mechanisms of action of various anti-diabetic drugs and their potential for combination therapy. It discusses both conventional and herbal strategies, highlighting their benefits and potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Review: Miglitol has potential as a therapeutic drug against obesity.

Author: SugimotoSatoru, NakajimaHisakazu, KosakaKitaro, HosoiHajime

Insulin resistance improvement
Weight loss
No severe side effects

Miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, has anti-obesity effects in both clinical trials and rodent models. It has been shown to reduce body weight and ameliorate insulin resistance. Miglitol may activate brown adipose tissue (BAT), which could be the definitive mediator of its anti-obesity effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

[The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the doctor's office].

Author: FehmannH C

Improved glucose levels
Reduced body weight
Reduced triglycerides

This observational study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of miglitol in the daily practice of treating patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Miglitol was found to be effective in reducing pre- and postprandial glucose levels, HbA1c, and triglycerides. It was also well-tolerated with minimal side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : German

16.

[Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor Miglitol in the doctor's office].

Author: FehmannH C

Improved glucose levels
Reduced body weight

This observational study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of miglitol in the daily practice of treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Miglitol was found to be effective in reducing HbA1c and fasting blood glucose, and it was well-tolerated.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : German

17.

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: van de LaarFloris A, LucassenPeter L, AkkermansReinier P, van de LisdonkEloy H, RuttenGuy E, van WeelChris

Improved glycemic control
Reduced BMI
Reduced insulin levels

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) have no effect on mortality or morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes. AGIs have clear beneficial effects on glycemic control and postload insulin levels, but not on plasma lipids. Dosages higher than 50 mg acarbose three times daily are not necessary.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

18.

[Usefulness of miglitol in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and insufficient control of the blood glucose].

Author: de Luis RománD A, del Pozo GarcíaE, AllerR, Romero BobilloE, Conde ValentínR

Blood glucose control
Lipid control

Miglitol is a medication used to improve blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study found that miglitol was effective in improving blood sugar and lipid control in patients with type 2 diabetes who were already taking sulfonylureas and insulin but had insufficient glycemic control.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Spanish

19.

The effects of miglitol on glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and appetite sensations in obese type 2 diabetics.

Author: LeeA, PatrickP, WishartJ, HorowitzM, MorleyJ E

GLP-1 release
Satiety

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) were shown to increase the postprandial release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in healthy humans, which may play a role in reducing hunger and increasing satiation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Dose-dependent efficacy of miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, in type 2 diabetic patients on diet alone: results of a 24-week double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Author: DrentM L, TollefsenA T M, van HeusdenF H J A, HoenderdosE B M, JonkerJ J C, van der VeenE A

Reduced HbA1c
Reduced blood glucose
Gastrointestinal side effects

Miglitol, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, effectively lowers HbA1c levels and postprandial glucose and insulin levels in Type 2 diabetic patients on diet alone in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal dose appears to be 50 to 100 mg t.i.d., as higher doses are associated with increased gastrointestinal side effects, leading to a higher dropout rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

The efficacy and safety of miglitol therapy compared with glibenclamide in patients with NIDDM inadequately controlled by diet alone.

Author: SegalP, FeigP U, SchernthanerG, RatzmannK P, RybkaJ, PetzinnaD, BerlinC

Improved metabolic control
Gastrointestinal side effects
Hyperinsulinemia
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain

Miglitol monotherapy is effective and safe in NIDDM patients. Compared with glibenclamide, it reduced HbA1c less effectively and caused more gastrointestinal side effects. Glibenclamide, unlike miglitol, tended to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

22.

Comparison of miglitol and glibenclamide in diet-treated type 2 diabetic patients.

Author: PaganoG, MarenaS, Corgiat-MansinL, CraveroF, GiordaC, BozzaM, RossiC M

Miglitol effective
Miglitol safe

Miglitol, an intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, was effective in reducing HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Miglitol was comparable to glibenclamide in efficacy, but had fewer side effects. Both drugs were well tolerated.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

An evaluation of the potential side-effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors used for the management of diabetes mellitus.

Author: ReuserA J, WisselaarH A

Diabetes management
Kidney dysfunction

This study reviewed the literature on the potential side-effects of absorbable alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, such as miglitol. It was concluded that miglitol is generally safe at recommended doses but should be avoided in patients with kidney dysfunction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

Effects of the carbohydrase inhibitor miglitol in sulfonylurea-treated NIDDM patients.

Author: JohnstonP S, ConiffR F, HoogwerfB J, SantiagoJ V, Pi-SunyerF X, KrolA

Improved glucose control
Lowered triglyceride levels
Flatulence
Loose stools

Miglitol was effective in improving glycemic control in NIDDM patients with suboptimal control despite maximal doses of sulfonylureas.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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