Side Effects of oxycodone: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Oxycodone is a medication widely used to treat moderate to severe pain. However, oxycodone is known to have various side effects. Multiple studies have been conducted on the side effects associated with oxycodone use.

These studies have shown that oxycodone can cause side effects such as respiratory depression, drowsiness, hallucinations, agitation, cognitive impairment, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. 12 1

Oxycodone can also lead to dependence and abuse. 11

Oxycodone should be used with caution in the elderly and in patients with chronic kidney disease. 12

The effects of oxycodone can be affected by interactions with alcohol and other medications. 13

Oxycodone can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation in chronic pain patients. 9

Reasons for Side Effects

Oxycodone relieves pain by binding to opioid receptors. However, opioid receptors are also present in various tissues throughout the body, including the digestive system, respiratory system, and nervous system. Therefore, oxycodone can affect these tissues in addition to relieving pain, potentially causing side effects.

Common Side Effects

Respiratory Depression

Oxycodone can cause respiratory depression by suppressing the respiratory center. 12

Drowsiness

Oxycodone can cause drowsiness by suppressing the central nervous system. 12

Hallucinations

Oxycodone can cause hallucinations. 12

Agitation

Oxycodone can cause agitation. 12

Constipation

Oxycodone can cause constipation by suppressing the muscles in the gastrointestinal system. 9

Nausea

Oxycodone can cause nausea. 16 1

Vomiting

Oxycodone can cause vomiting. 16 1

Dependence

Oxycodone can cause dependence and abuse. 11

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Respiratory Depression

If respiratory depression is suspected, consult a doctor immediately.

Drowsiness

If drowsiness is severe, avoid driving or operating machinery.

Constipation

If constipation is a concern, consult your doctor and receive appropriate treatment.

Nausea

If nausea is a concern, consult your doctor and receive appropriate treatment.

Vomiting

If vomiting is a concern, consult your doctor and receive appropriate treatment.

Dependence

If dependence is a concern, consult your doctor.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Multiple studies have shown that oxycodone can cause side effects such as respiratory depression, drowsiness, hallucinations, agitation, cognitive impairment, nausea, vomiting, and constipation.

Differences Between Studies

The incidence and severity of oxycodone side effects vary between studies. This may be due to factors such as the age and health of the study participants, the dose of oxycodone administered, and interactions with other medications.

Cautionary Points for Real-Life Application

While oxycodone is an effective medication for relieving pain, it can cause various side effects. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and be aware of potential side effects when using oxycodone.

Limitations of Current Research

There is still insufficient research on the side effects of oxycodone, and further research is needed.

Future Research Directions

To further investigate the side effects of oxycodone, it is important to conduct large-scale clinical trials and analyze the impact of various factors on side effects.

Conclusion

Oxycodone is an effective medication for relieving pain, but it can cause various side effects. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and be aware of potential side effects when using oxycodone.

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
16
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
7
Article Type
4
0
0
5
23
1.

Oxycodone-related side effects: impact on degree of bother, adherence, pain relief, satisfaction, and quality of life.

Author: AnastassopoulosKathryn P, ChowWing, AckermanStacey J, TapiaCrisanta, BensonCarmela, KimMyoung S

Pain relief
Constipation
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Headache
Itching
Lightheadedness
Nausea
Vomiting

A majority of patients taking oxycodone for nonmalignant pain experienced bothersome side effects, including drowsiness, constipation, lightheadedness, dizziness, headache, and nausea. These side effects impacted their health-related quality of life and adherence to treatment regimens.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Oxycodone/naloxone versus tapentadol in real-world chronic non-cancer pain management: an observational and pharmacogenetic study.

Author: BarrachinaJordi, MargaritCesar, MurielJavier, López-GilSantiago, López-GilVicente, Vara-GonzálezAmaya, PlanellesBeatriz, IndaMaría-Del-Mar, MoralesDomingo, PeiróAna M

Opioid tolerability
Pain relief
Erythema
Vomiting

This study compared the effectiveness and safety of tapentadol (TAP) and oxycodone/naloxone (OXN) in patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Both drugs showed significant pain relief compared to controls. OXN achieved greater pain relief but was associated with more adverse events. TAP showed better tolerability and had a lower number of adverse events. The study highlights the potential influence of pharmacogenetic markers on the response to OXN.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.

Language : English

4.

Effect and Safety of Prophylactic Parecoxib for Pain Control of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Liver Cancer: A Single-Center, Parallel-Group, Randomized Trial.

Author: LyuNing, KongYanan, LiXiaoxian, GuoNa, LaiJinfa, LiJibin, ZhaoMing

Pain control
Vomiting risk

Parecoxib is superior to oxycodone and celecoxib for pain control after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, with fewer adverse events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Comparative cognitive and subjective side effects of immediate-release oxycodone in healthy middle-aged and older adults.

Author: CherrierMonique M, AmoryJohn K, ErsekMary, RislerLinda, ShenDanny D

Similar effects
Cognitive decline

This study examined the effects of a single dose of oxycodone on thinking skills in healthy older and middle-aged adults. The results showed that oxycodone did impair cognitive function, but these effects were temporary and similar between the two age groups. This suggests that oxycodone may have similar cognitive effects in older and middle-aged adults without chronic pain.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

6.

Study on the association between adverse drug reactions to opioids and gene polymorphisms: a case-case-control study.

Author: YangJing, SunYing-Zi, LiQun-Fang, FuZheng, GuanYu-Yao, SongChao, ZhengLei

Adverse drug reactions
Opioid drugs

A study of 60 patients with cancer pain found that polymorphism of ABCB1 (062rs1045642) was associated with adverse drug reactions caused by oxycodone, with the allele T leading to a higher incidence of ADRs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Opioid Prescription in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review of Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Opioid Use in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Author: OdomaVictor A, PitliyaAakanksha, AlEdaniEsraa, BhanguJapneet, JavedKhalid, ManshahiaPrabhleen Kaur, NaharShamsun, KandaSrishti, ChathaUzair, MohammedLubna

Neurotoxic side effects

Opioid analgesics are often used to manage pain in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review examines the safety and efficacy of various opioids in CKD patients, emphasizing the need for careful dosage adjustments and considerations for comorbidities.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Oral Ketorolac as an Adjuvant Agent for Postoperative Pain Control After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study.

Author: SivasundaramLakshmanan, MengersSunita, TrivediNikunj N, StronyJohn, SalataMichael J, VoosJames E, VictoroffBrian N, KarnsMichael R, GillespieRobert J

Postoperative pain relief

This study evaluates the efficacy of ketorolac as an adjunctive agent for postoperative pain control after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

11.

Structural Insights Accelerate the Discovery of Opioid Alternatives.

Author: CheTao, RothBryan L

Safer analgesics
Fatal side effects
Opioid abuse

This review summarizes alternative strategies and targets for developing safer nonopioid analgesics.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

13.

Elevated customary alcohol consumption attenuates opioid effects.

Author: CherrierMonique M, ShenDanny D, ShiremanLaura, SaxonAndrew J, SimpsonTracy, MenAlex, KoonerPreetma, TermanGregory W

Pain management
Side effects

This study examined the cognitive, analgesic, and side effect response to oxycodone in middle age and older adults with elevated levels of customary alcohol consumption. The study found that alcohol consumption can alter the subjective experience of pain and response to pain medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Intrathecal Fentanyl With a Myofascial Plane Block in Open Lumbar Surgeries: A Case Series.

Author: MetcalfTyler, SielatyckiJ Alex, SchatzmanNathan, DevinClinton J, GoldsteinJeffrey A, HodgesScott Dean

Pain control

This article discusses the use of intrathecal fentanyl with a myofascial plane (MP) block for postoperative pain management after lumbar surgery. While the safety of intrathecal morphine has been investigated, the safety of intrathecal fentanyl with an MP block remains unstudied.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

15.

The Role of Opioids in Pain Management in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review Article.

Author: DolatiSanam, TarighatFaezeh, PashazadehFariba, ShahsavariniaKavous, GholipouriSaina, SoleimanpourHassan

CKD Pain
Pain Relief
Opioid Side Effects

This review explores the occurrence of chronic pain and opioid treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease. The review emphasizes the need for more research on appropriate opioid doses and the occurrence of side effects in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Opioid Prescribing.

Author: WongAaron K, SomogyiAndrew A, RubioJustin, PhilipJennifer

Maximized efficacy
Minimized adverse effects
Objective prescribing

Pharmacogenomics is increasingly important for safe and effective personalized prescribing of opioids. It can maximize drug efficacy and minimize side effects for cancer patients in palliative care. Current evidence suggests that testing for CYP2D6 gene variants is the most clinically actionable for opioid prescribing, though research is expanding to include other gene variants. While pharmacogenomic tests are not widely used, decreasing costs and increasing accessibility will make them more common in the future.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Quantifying the intensity of adverse events with ibuprofen and oxycodone: an observational cohort study.

Author: AliSamina, GourlayKatie, YukselogluAran, RosychukRhonda J, OrtizSilvia, WattsRick, JohnsonDavid W, CarletonBruce, Le MaySylvie, DrendelAmy L

Adverse events

This study quantified the frequency and intensity of adverse events (AEs) experienced by children receiving either ibuprofen or oxycodone for pain management following an acute fracture.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Effect of perioperative acetaminophen on pain management in patients undergoing rotator cuff repair: a prospective randomized study.

Author: SinghArjun M, KirschJacob M, PatelManan S, GutmanMichael, HarperThomas, LazarusMark, HorneffJohn G, NamdariSurena, VoskeridjianArmen, AbboudJoseph A

Postoperative pain management
Opioid consumption

This study will look at the effectiveness of acetaminophen in reducing opioid use after surgery to repair a rotator cuff tear.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Economic study on the impact of side effects in patients taking oxycodone controlled-release for noncancer pain.

Author: AnastassopoulosKathryn P, ChowWing, TapiaCrisanta I, BaikRebecca, AckermanStacey J, BiondiDavid, KimMyoung S

Chronic pain management
Neuropathic pain relief
Oxycodone CR efficacy
Medical resource use
Side effects

Oxycodone controlled-release (CR) is a commonly used opioid for chronic pain. This study reviewed the use of oxycodone CR for musculoskeletal pain, particularly back pain with a neuropathic component. It discussed the side effects of oxycodone CR, which can lead to increased medical resource use and costs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Effects of Ultramicronized <i>N</i>-Palmitoylethanolamine Supplementation on Tramadol and Oxycodone Analgesia and Tolerance Prevention.

Author: MicheliLaura, LucariniElena, TotiAlessandra, FerraraValentina, CiampiClara, ParisioCarmen, BartolucciGianluca, Di Cesare MannelliLorenzo, GhelardiniCarla

Analgesia enhancement
Opioid tolerance delay
Pain management
Drug interactions
Potential side effects

Ultramicronized PEA can delay the development of opioid tolerance and enhance analgesia when used with tramadol or oxycodone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

24.

The CANBACK trial: a randomised, controlled clinical trial of oral cannabidiol for people presenting to the emergency department with acute low back pain.

Author: BebeeBronwyn, TaylorDavid M, BourkeElyssia, PollackKimberley, FosterLian, ChingMichael, WongAnselm

No pain relief

CBD was not superior to placebo as an adjunct medication for relieving acute non-traumatic low back pain in the emergency department.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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