Effects of stool softeners: A Synthesis of Findings from 21 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Stool softeners are commonly used to treat constipation in various medical settings. 7 reports that laxatives and stool softeners are widely used to treat opioid-induced constipation. 3 suggests the effectiveness of stool softeners for constipation caused by iron pills. Furthermore, 14 states that stool softeners are useful in treating functional constipation in children. 21 investigated the use of laxatives during opioid administration in children with sickle cell disease. 11 emphasizes the need for stool softeners and stimulants when prescribing opioids to women receiving palliative care. 8 expresses concerns about the overuse of stool softeners in older adults. 19 presents a case where stool softeners are used in the treatment with spinal drains. These studies show that stool softeners are widely used in treating constipation and have shown effectiveness in various situations.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Stool softeners can be expected to alleviate constipation symptoms and improve bowel movements. 7 states that stool softeners are effective in treating opioid-induced constipation, and 14 reports that they are effective in treating functional constipation in children. 16 describes cases where stool softeners are used in the treatment of hemorrhoids. Furthermore, 18 states that stool softeners can relax the anal sphincter muscle and promote healing in the treatment of chronic anal fissures.

Risk Summary

While stool softeners are generally considered safe medications, they can cause side effects in some people. 8 expresses concerns about the overuse of stool softeners in older adults. 16 mentions that the use of stool softeners can sometimes lead to symptoms such as diarrhea or abdominal pain. Additionally, 18 states that the use of stool softeners may cause relaxation of the anal sphincter muscle.

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities in Studies

Many studies indicate that stool softeners are effective in treating constipation. 7 , 14 , 21 , 11 , 16 , and 18 report that stool softeners have a positive effect in improving constipation symptoms.

Differences in Studies

Studies differ in their target conditions, age groups, and types of stool softeners. 7 focuses on opioid-induced constipation, while 14 targets functional constipation in children. 21 involves children with sickle cell disease, and 11 targets women receiving palliative care. 16 focuses on the treatment of hemorrhoids, and 18 addresses the treatment of chronic anal fissures.

Consistency and Inconsistencies in Results

While many studies demonstrate the effectiveness of stool softeners in treating constipation, some studies raise concerns about their effectiveness. 8 expresses concern about the overuse of stool softeners in older adults. 18 also suggests the possibility of stool softeners causing anal sphincter relaxation.

Cautions for Practical Application

Stool softeners are an effective tool for treating constipation, but it is essential to use them correctly as directed by a doctor. 8 highlights concerns about overusing stool softeners in older adults, and 18 indicates that stool softeners can potentially lead to anal sphincter relaxation. If you have concerns about using stool softeners, consult a physician for guidance.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on stool softeners is not yet considered fully comprehensive. Further research is required, particularly regarding their long-term safety and effectiveness.

Directions for Future Research

Research is needed to examine the long-term safety and effectiveness of stool softeners, their effectiveness across various conditions, and optimal dosage and duration of use. Comparative studies of stool softeners with other constipation treatments are also crucial.

Conclusion

Stool softeners are a valuable tool for treating constipation and are widely used in various medical contexts. However, using them appropriately as directed by a doctor is essential because there are risks associated with their use. Consult a physician if constipation symptoms do not improve.

Literature analysis of 21 papers
Positive Content
15
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
5
Article Type
3
1
1
5
19
1.

A placebo-controlled trial of didanosine plus stavudine, with and without hydroxyurea, for HIV infection. The Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Author: RutschmannO T, OpravilM, ItenA, MalinverniR, VernazzaP L, BucherH C, BernasconiE, SudreP, LeducD, YerlyS, PerrinL H, HirschelB

Reduced HIV-1 RNA
Lymphopenia

Hydroxyurea improves the antiviral activity of didanosine (ddl) and stavudine (d4T) in HIV-positive patients. However, it also induces lymphopenia, which may limit its overall benefit in increasing CD4 cell counts.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

A multiple drug interaction study of stavudine with agents for opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

Author: PiscitelliS C, KellyG, WalkerR E, KovacsJ, FalloonJ, DaveyR T, RajeS, MasurH, PolisM A

Combination regimen
Treat opportunistic infections
Minor side effects

Stavudine exposure was not significantly altered when combined with multiple opportunistic infection medications. The drug is well tolerated and has minimal drug interactions.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Case report series of a novel application of neostigmine to successfully relieve refractory ileus status post-pediatric orthotopic liver transplantation.

Author: PetersenPamela C, BalakrishnanBinod, VitolaBernadette, HongJohnny C

Ileus treatment
Bradycardia
Bronchospasm

Post-operative ileus is a common complication after abdominal surgeries, particularly in children undergoing liver transplantation. This case series reports successful treatment of refractory ileus in three children with continuous infusions of neostigmine.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

5.

Clinical Overview and Considerations for the Management of Opioid-induced Constipation in Patients With Chronic Noncancer Pain.

Author: ViscusiEugene R

Opioid-induced constipation

Prescription medications for opioid-induced constipation (OIC) include peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORA) and chloride channel activators. These medications are effective for improving OIC in patients with chronic noncancer pain, but potential gastrointestinal side effects need to be considered.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Pharmacological treatment for antipsychotic-related constipation.

Author: Every-PalmerSusanna, Newton-HowesGiles, ClarkeMike J

Constipation

Antipsychotic-related constipation is a common and serious side effect, particularly with clozapine. Clozapine can impair gastrointestinal motility, leading to constipation, which is reported in up to 60% of patients. While appropriate laxatives should be prescribed, there is a lack of guidance on the comparative effectiveness and safety of different laxatives for this specific population. Understanding the effectiveness and safety of treating antipsychotic-related constipation is crucial for both clinicians and patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Opioid-induced constipation in chronic noncancer pain.

Author: WeberH Christian

OIC treatment

This review examines new medications for treating opioid-induced constipation (OIC), a common side effect of opioid use.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

11.

Adjusting Bowel Regimens When Prescribing Opioids in Women Receiving Palliative Care in the Acute Care Setting.

Author: GonzalesLucia K, DelmastroMargaret A, BoydDenise M, SterlingMelvyn L, AubePatricia A, LeRosemary N, TrauchtLisa, QuinalLeonida R, GeorgesJane M, GlaserDale N

Algorithm adherence
Improved bowel movements

Constipation is a common side effect of opioid therapy, especially in women. Referral to a palliative care team and education of oncology nurses can improve adherence to bowel regimens, reducing the prevalence of infrequent bowel movements.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Ogilvie's syndrome after pediatric spinal deformity surgery: successful treatment with neostigmine.

Author: HootenKristopher G, OliveriaSeth F, LarsonShawn D, PincusDavid W

Ogilvie's syndrome treatment

Ogilvie's syndrome is a rare condition that causes a blockage in the large intestine. It can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated early. This case report describes a teenager who developed Ogilvie's syndrome after surgery to correct a spinal deformity. The patient was initially treated with medication, but her condition did not improve. She was then given a medication called neostigmine, which helped to relieve the blockage. This is the first case report of neostigmine being used to treat Ogilvie's syndrome after pediatric neurosurgery.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

15.

Chronic constipation: current treatment options.

Author: LiuLouis Wing Cheong

This review summarizes the management of chronic constipation based on updated evidence, including the use of prucalopride, a new serotonin receptor agonist. The review provides recommendations for diet, lifestyle modifications, and different medication options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Hemorrhoids.

Author: MounseyAnne L, HalladayJacqueline, SadiqTimothy S

Relieve swelling
Relieve symptoms

Hemorrhoids are typically treated with nonprescription topical preparations. For more severe symptoms, rubber band ligation is the preferred treatment for grades 1 and 2 hemorrhoids, while excisional hemorrhoidectomy or stapled hemorrhoidopexy is recommended for grades 3 and 4.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

[A comparison between effects of aroma massage and meridian massage on constipation and stress in women college students].

Author: ChungMiyoung, ChoiEuysoon

Constipation relief
Stress relief

Both abdominal aroma massage and meridian massage were found to relieve constipation and stress in college women with functional constipation. Both types of massage may contribute to a reduction in the use of stool softeners, suppositories, or enemas.

Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Korean

18.

The effect of topical nifedipine in treatment of chronic anal fissure.

Author: GolfamFarzaneh, GolfamParisa, KhalajAlireza, Sayed MortazSayed Saaid

Anal fissure healing
Low complication rate
Pain relief
Anal fissure recurrence
Mild headache

Chronic anal fissure is commonly treated with anal dilatation or sphincterotomy, which can cause incontinence. This study investigated the effectiveness of nifedipine cream, a calcium channel blocker, in healing anal fissures. The nifedipine group showed significantly higher healing rates compared to the control group. However, recurrence rates were significant despite controlling predisposing factors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Otolaryngologic uses for spinal drains.

Author: MaguireRaymond C, GullJohn, WeaverMichael, SataloffRobert T

CSF fistula treatment
Spinal drain risks

This article emphasizes the importance of otolaryngologists understanding the proper technique for the insertion and management of lumbar drains, which are often used for treating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulae.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

20.

Methylnaltrexone: the evidence for its use in the management of opioid-induced constipation.

Author: DeibertPeter, XanderCarola, BlumHubert E, BeckerGerhild

Opioid-induced constipation treatment

Constipation is a common side effect of opioid treatment. New drugs are needed to prevent or treat constipation without compromising the efficacy of opioid analgesics.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

Inpatient use of laxatives during opioid administration in children with sickle cell disease.

Author: O'BrienSarah H, FanLing, KelleherKelly J

Constipation

Laxative use in children with sickle cell disease receiving opioid treatment was examined to identify factors associated with prescription.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

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