Side Effects of topotecan injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 6 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Topotecan is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various cancers such as refractory leptomeningeal leukemia in children, retinoblastoma, and neoplastic meningitis in adults. Topotecan works by inhibiting cell DNA replication, thus suppressing the growth of cancer cells. 4 , 1 , 3

Reasons for Side Effects

The side effects of topotecan occur because it affects normal cells as well as cancer cells. Topotecan inhibits DNA replication and thus affects cell growth and division, leading to side effects. 2

Common Side Effects

Chemical Meningitis

Topotecan can cause chemical meningitis when administered intrathecally. Chemical meningitis is caused by inflammation of the cerebrospinal fluid and can cause symptoms such as headache, fever, vomiting, and stiff neck. 3

Effects on Retinal Vessels

Topotecan can affect retinal vessels. Topotecan inhibits the formation of retinal vessels and can cause abnormal vascularization and occlusion. 2

Other Side Effects

Other side effects of topotecan include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, hair loss, myelosuppression, and infections. , 3

Side Effects Management

Managing Chemical Meningitis

Managing chemical meningitis involves administering steroid medications. 3

Managing Effects on Retinal Vessels

Managing effects on retinal vessels involves adjusting the dose of topotecan or changing the method of administration. 2

Managing Other Side Effects

Managing other side effects involves using anti-emetics for nausea and vomiting, and hematopoietic factors for myelosuppression. 3

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities Across Studies

Multiple studies have shown that topotecan is effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. 4 , 1 , 3 , 6 , 5 All studies have indicated that topotecan can cause side effects. , 2 , 3

Differences Across Studies

The frequency and severity of side effects following topotecan administration vary between studies. This could be due to differences in the patient populations, methods of administration, and dosages of topotecan used in the studies. , 2 , 3

Considerations for Real-World Application

Topotecan is an effective drug for treating cancer, but it is important to remember that there are risks associated with side effects. When administering topotecan, it is crucial to follow the doctor's instructions and ensure a full understanding of the potential side effects for safe use. 4 , 1 , 3

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of topotecan is still insufficient. Future research is needed to investigate the frequency and severity of side effects in more detail and develop methods to mitigate them. 4 , 1 , 3

Future Research Directions

Future research needs to focus on developing new treatments and medications to reduce the side effects of topotecan, as well as researching combination therapies with other drugs. 4 , 1 , 3

Conclusion

Topotecan is an effective drug for treating cancer, but it carries the risk of side effects. When administering topotecan, it is essential to follow the doctor's instructions and have a thorough understanding of the potential side effects for safe use. Future research is expected to lead to a deeper understanding of the side effects of topotecan, making it safer and more effective for use. 4 , 1 , 3

Literature analysis of 6 papers
Positive Content
4
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
1
0
0
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6
1.

Efficacy of topotecan nanoparticles for intravitreal chemotherapy of retinoblastoma.

Author: DelrishElham, JabbarvandMahmoud, GhassemiFariba, AmoliFahimeh Asadi, AtyabiFatemeh, LashayAlireza, SoleimaniMasoud, AghajanpourLeila, DinarvandRassoul

Enhanced treatment efficacy
Improved cell association
Improved drug loading
Overcome intravitreal administration challenges

Thiolated chitosan nanoparticles containing topotecan (TPH-TCs-NPs) were fabricated to enhance drug loading and release control for retinoblastoma treatment. TPH-TCs-NPs showed enhanced efficacy and association relative to free TPH in retinoblastoma cells and tumor in vitro and in vivo.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

A multicenter phase II trial of intrathecal topotecan in patients with meningeal malignancies.

Author: GrovesMorris D, GlantzMichael J, ChamberlainMarc C, BaumgartnerKaren E, ConradCharles A, HsuSigmund, WefelJeffrey S, GilbertMark R, IctechSandra, HunterKathy U, FormanArthur D, PuduvalliVinay K, ColmanHoward, HessKenneth R, YungW K Alfred

neoplastic meningitis treatment
chemical meningitis

Intraventricular topotecan, a chemotherapy drug delivered directly to the brain, is well-tolerated but does not significantly improve survival in patients with neoplastic meningitis, a type of cancer that affects the brain and spinal cord. While topotecan is safe, it may not be the most effective treatment option for this type of cancer.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

4.

Phase 2 clinical trial of intrathecal topotecan in children with refractory leptomeningeal leukemia: a Children's Oncology Group trial (P9962).

Author: PotterSamara L Poplack, BergStacey, IngleAshish Mark, KrailoMark, AdamsonPeter C, BlaneySusan M

Topotecan leukemia
Topotecan neurological

Intrathecal (IT) topotecan was found to be tolerable and effective in treating recurrent or refractory leptomeningeal leukemia in children. The treatment resulted in complete central nervous system remissions in a subset of patients, with most adverse events being mild to moderate and reversible.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

5.

Intrathecal topotecan in adult patients with neoplastic meningitis.

Author: GammonDavid C, BhattMansi S, TranLan, Van HornAlexis, BenvenutiMatthew, GlantzMichael J

CSF clearing
Fatigue

Intrathecal topotecan appeared to be effective and safe in adult patients with neoplastic meningitis (NM).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Thymidine kinase gene therapy with concomitant topotecan chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer.

Author: HasenburgA, TongX W, Rojas-MartinezA, Nyberg-HoffmanC, KiebackC C, KaplanA, KaufmanR H, RamzyI, Aguilar-CordovaE, KiebackD G

Elevated liver enzymes
Myelosuppression
Thrombocytosis

I.p. delivery of adenoviral vector with concomitant topotecan chemotherapy was well tolerated without significant lasting toxicities.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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